THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
vania," and to them is committed the management and disbursement of the funds of the institution. Each board elects its own members, subject to the approval of the General Assembly.
The institution now has two halls, a library, and four professors houses, and plans have been laid for a complete new plant, to consist of a dormitory, administration building, and chapel. The buildings are valued at 6250,000, and the endowment is S7.'!3,S07, the chief benefactors being Rev. C. C. Beatty, James LaughJin, James Laughlin, Jr., S. P, Harbison and his estate, S. S. Marvin, and David and John Robinson. James A. Kelso.
XI b. Presbyterian (Southern). — 1. Austin: This institution is located at Austin, Travis Co., Tex., where it was founded in 1884, practically as an independent movement, under the control of no ecclesiastical body, though it was recognized and indorsed by the Synod of Texas of the Presbyterian Church in the United States. Under the title of " The Austin School of Theology," it continued in operation until 1895, when it was compelled to suspend because of lack of sufficient funds with which to carry on the work. The actual revival of its activity took place in 1898, when the Synod of Texas appointed a board of trustees, with full power to open the institution, and ordered that its name should be " The Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary," and that it should be regarded as the successor to the Austin School of Theology. The Synod of Texas adopted a constitution in Oct., 1901, and ordered the board to open the institution for students as soon as $100,000 should have been raised. This was done at once, and the seminary resumed its work in Oct., 1902. The founders of the seminary, in 1884, were the Rev. Richmond K. Smoot and the Rev. Robert L. Dabney (q.v.), while its revival was under the administration of the Rev. Thornton R. Sampson, its first president, the first faculty consisting of the Rev. Samuel A. King, as professor of systematic theology, and the Rev. Robert E. Vinson, as professor of Old-Testament languages and exegesis. Later, the Rev. Dr. Smoot was added to the faculty. The institution is now under the control of the Synods of Texas, Arkansas, and Oklahoma of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, and during the last period of eight years the seminary has given to the ministry of the Presbyterian Church in Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas about thirty men, trained in whole or in part under its instruction. The office of the first president of the seminary having terminated, according to the constitution, when the faculty reached the number of four, from 1904 to 1908 the institution was governed by the faculty under the direction of the board of trustees, appointed by the controlling synods. In 1908 the board, with the consent of the controlling; synods, determined to make the office of president a permanent part of the administration of the seminary, and elected to this position the Rev. Robert E. Vinson, D.D.
This seminary stands for the type of theology which is presented in the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, and was founded for the avowed purpose of furnishing an adequate ministry in both supply and equipment for the rapidly de-
veloping home-mission territory of the Southwest. Among its instructors the best>kno\vn, perhaps have been the Rev. Robert L. Dabney, the Rev. Thomas Carey Johnson, the Rev. Samuel A. King, the Rev. R. K. Smoot, and the Rev. T. R. Sampson. In the year 1910 the seminary had five instructors, thirty-four students, a library of about 2,500 volumes, buildings to the value of $100,000, and endowments to the value of $200,000; it is governed by a board of fifteen trustees, appointed by the three controlling synods. In the student body there are four denominations represented: Presbyterian (31), Disciples of Christ (1), Baptist (1), and Episcopalian (1). Robert E. Vinson-.
2. Columbia: The Theological Seminary of the Synods of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida, popularly known as Columbia Seminary, is located in Columbia, Richland Co., S. C, and was founded in 1828 by the Presbyterians of the then Synod of South Carolina and Georgia. The institution had its origin in the conviction that if the Presbyterian churches of the cotton belt were to have an adequate supply of educated ministers, they must not only be raised up from the churches themselves, but must be trained for the ministry somewhere within this territory. From 1828 to 1831 the faculty of the seminary consisted of but a single professor, Dr. Thomas Goulding, but in 1831 Dr. George Howe and in 1833 Dr. A. W Leland were added to the faculty. While it has had its share of vicissitudes, Columbia Seminary has a record of service not only to the churches of the cotton belt, but to the entire Presbyterian Church in the United States, popularly known as the Southern Presbyterian Church. It has numbered among its faculty such men as James Henry Thomwell (q.v.), B. M. Palmer (q.v.), J. B. Adger, James Woodrow (q.v.), William S. Plummer (q.v.), J. R. Wilson, John L. Giradeau, and Samuel Sparr Laws. Its alumni took a conspicuous part in organizing the Presbyterian Church in the United States, and were largely influential in determining its distinctive character and in shaping the lines along which its life and activities have developed. Dr. J. Leighton Wilson (q.v.), one of the first graduates of the seminary, shaped the foreign-mission policy of the Southern Presbyterian Church, while its home-missionary activities have been largely under the direction of alumni of the same seminary, and its interest in and work for the negroes have been stimulated and directed by such alumni as Dr. C. C. Jones, John L. Giradeau, and Charles A. Stillman (q.v.). In addition to supplying the denomination with many of its best preachers, Columbia Seminary has given it a considerable number of its theological professors, not to mention its other educators. Of the thirtynine moderators of the General Assembly, nineteen have been alumni of this institution.
The faculty in the year 1910 consisted of four professors, with two chairs vacant — those of natural science in its relation to revelation, and of pastoral theology, English Bible, and homiletics. The institution is owned and controlled by the Synods of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida, their control being exercised through a board of directors, six of whom are elected from the Synod