RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Theological Seminaries
of South Carolina, four from the Synod of Georgia, four from the Synod of Alabama, and two from the Synod of Florida. From year to year the directors submit their minutes to the synods for approval, and also send to the General Assembly a report for its information. There were in 1910 twenty students in attendance, nine of whom were from South Carolina, four from Georgia, five from North Carolina, and two from Tennessee. All of these were candidates for the Presbyterian ministry. The endowment of the seminary amounts to $275,000, and its library contains 2,400 volumes.
W- M. McPheeters.
Bibliography: Memorial Volume of the Semicentennial Volume of the Theological Seminary at Columbia, S. C, Columbia, 1884.
3. Kentucky: This institution, located at Louisville, Ky., was formed in 1901 by the consolidation of the Danville (Ky.) and the Louisville (Ky.) theological seminaries. The Danville seminary was founded at Danville, Ky., in 1853, by the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church (Old School), and had a notably successful career until the beginning of the Civil War, attracting a large number of students. Its most widely known professors were Robert J. Breckenridge (q.v.), Edward P. Humphrey, Stuart Robinson (q.v.), Stephen Yerkes, and Nathan L. Rice (q.v.), and its influence on the Southwest through its alumni has been marked and enduring. In 1893, the Synods of Kentucky and Missouri, in connection with the Presbyterian Church in the United States, founded the Louisville Seminary at Louisville, Ky., and by reason of its strong faculty and its location in a large city the institution at once took high rank, and in its fourth session enrolled sixty-seven students. The original endowment was $100,000, mostly in subscriptions, and for three years the instruction was given in the rooms of the Second Presbyterian Church. In the first session Mr. A. J. Alexander gave real estate to the value of $75,000 to endow a chair in memory of his son, while temporary endowment by annual subscriptions and the gift of their services as professors by three pastors of the city enabled the seminary to meet its expenses. By the generosity of Mr. W N. Haldeman, proprietor of the Courier- Journal, a permanent location was secured in 1896, and in 1901 the Danville and Louisville seminaries were united at Louisville, under the name of the Presbyterian Theological Seminary of Kentucky. Under the terms of the agreement for consolidation the seminary is under the control of the Synod of Kentucky in connection with the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, and of the Synods of Kentucky and Missouri in connection with the Presbyterian Church in the United States, this control being exercised through a board of twenty-four directors, who elect the professors. Annual reports of the work of the seminary are submitted to the controlling synods and to the two General Assemblies, and the election of directors and the election or transfer of professors are subject to veto by the respective assemblies. Under the charter and constitution of the seminary the instruction " shall at all times be in accordance with those standards which are now common in both of said [Presbyte-
rian] churches, and with such modifications thereof, if any, as may hereafter be made and adopted by both of said churches." The synods of both the Presbyterian denominations concerned represent the same type of theology and ecclesiology, and the faculty are divided almost equally between the two, agreeing thoroughly in making the teaching and spirit of the institution conservative in theology and in Biblical criticism. The faculty of instruction consists of eight professors: Charles R. Hemphill (q.v.; president and professor of New-Testament exegesis and practical theology), John M. Worrall (practical theology, emeritus), William H. Marquess (Biblical introduction, English Bible, and Biblical theology), Henry E. Dosker (q.v.; church history), Robert A. Webb (q.v.; apologetics and systematic theology), Jesse L. Cotton (Old-Testament exegesis), and Thompson M. Hawes and J. G. Mc- Allister (assistants).
The courses of study are organized into distinct schools, and cover all the subjects of theological discipline, with special attention to preparation for the practical demands made on the modern minister. Students are received from any Evangelical Church, and are ordinarily expected to have a literary degree from a reputable college. The only degree conferred is B.D., given after examination on the completion of a three-years' course. In 1910 the institution had an attendance of fifty-eight, twelve of whom were ministers pursuing special graduate courses. The grounds and buildings of the seminary represent an outlay of $220,000, while the invested funds embrace $500,000 for endowments, $40,000 for scholarships, and a small library fund. The principal benefactor of the seminary was Mr. William T. Grant, of Louisville, a director of the institution, who left a bequest of $300,000 to the seminary, probably the largest gift ever made in the South to theological education. The library includes about 20,000 volumes, and nearly 6,000 unbound pamphlets. Charles R. Hemphill.
4. Southwestern: This institution, which is located at Clarksville, Montgomery Co., Tenn., and is under the control of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, was founded in 1885 through the combined efforts of the Synods of Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, Memphis, and Nashville, to establish a school for the education of young men for the ministry within their bounds. Its earliest instructors were Drs. John L. Waddel (chancellor and professor of church polity), Joseph R. Wilson (theology and homiletics), J. B. Shearer (Hebrew and New-Testament Greek), and Robert Price (ecclesiastical history) . The history of the seminary from its foundation has been one of uniform, uninterrupted, and successful work. It stands for the conservative interpretation of the standards of the Calvinistic system of doctrine, for the Presbyterian form of church government, and for the highest standard of sacred learning and personal piety in the ministry. It has supplied a large number of the most useful ministers of the Southern Presbyterian Church, both in home and in mission fields.
In 1910 the seminary had four instructors and twelve trustees. It constitutes a department of the Southwestern Presbyterian University, and its stu-
Theological Seminaries