THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
dents are subject to the government and discipline of the university. Its support is derived from the university endowments, and for its library it depends on that of the university, which contains some 15,000 volumes. William Dinwiddie.
5. Union (Richmond, Va.): This institution, officially known as " Union Theological Seminary in Virginia," is located at Richmond, Va., and was founded in 1S12. In April, 1806, the Presbytery of Hanover resolved to establish at Hampden-Sidney College a theological library and a fund for the education of young men for the ministry, and appointed Rev. John Holt Rice a special agent to solicit books and money for this purpose. In 1807 Rev. Moses Hoge was elected president of Hampden- Sidney College, and in accordance with the plan of the presbytery began at the same time to instruct in theology- the candidates for the ministry, although it was not till 1812 that the Synod of Virginia officially adopted the infant seminary and formally appointed Dr. Hoge its professor of theology. He continued the work for the remaining eight years of his life, sending about thirty young men from his classes into the ministry. When he died in 1820, the synod, after trying in vain for two years to fill his place, transferred the seminary with its funds to the Presbytery of Hanover. This presbytery in 1822 reorganized the seminary, appointed a new board of trustees, and elected as professor of theology Rev. John Holt Rice, pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Richmond, to whom, more than to any other man, the success of the institution is due. Dr. Rice began his instructions on Jan. 1, 1824, with three students. There were as yet no buildings for the seminary, and its whole endowment amounted only to about $10,000, but funds for both purposes were now rapidly raised. In 1826, the seminary was placed under the care of the General Assembly, the trustees of that body taking charge of the funds; and in 1827 the Presbytery of Hanover surrendered the institution to the joint management and control of the Synods of Virginia and North Carolina. In commemoration of this copartnership its name was changed to Union Theological Seminary. By 1831, the year in which Dr. Rice died, the institution had acquired buildings sufficient for its needs at that time, had gathered a fair library, and had secured three instructors and about forty students. A fourth professorship was added in 1856, and a fifth in 1891.
The seminary has had the following professors: in theology, Moses Hoge (1812-20), John Holt Rice (1824-31), George A. Baxter (1831-41), Samuel B. Wilson (1841-59), Robert L. Dabney (q.v.; 1859- 1883), Thomas E. Peck (1883-93), Clement R. Vaughan (1893-96), and Givens B. Strickler (q.v.; since 1896); in ecclesiastical history and polity, Stephen Taylor (1833-38), Samuel L. Graham (1838-39, 1849-50), Robert L. Dabney (1853-59), Thomas E. Peck (1860-83), James F. Latimer (1884-92), and Thomas C. Johnson (q.v.; since 1892); in Hebrew and Old-Testament interpretation, Hiram P. Goodrich (1830-39), Samuel L. Graham (1839-19), Francis S. Sampson (1849-54), Benjamin M. Smith (q.v.; 1854-89), Walter W Moore (q.v.; since 1S84), James Gray McAllister
(adjunct professor, 1904-05), and A. D. P. Gilmour (associate professor, since 1908); in Biblical literature and New-Testament interpretation, William J. Hoge (1856-59), Henry C. Alexander (1869-91), Charles C. Hersman (1891-1908), and Thomas R. English (since 1908); in English Bible and practical theology, Thomas C. Johnson (1891-92), Thomas R. English (1893-98), and Theron H. Rice (since 1908). There were in 1911 seven instructors and ninety-four students, representing twenty states and countries, and three religious denominations, though the great majority are Presbyterians. The total attendance of students from the beginning to the present time has been 1,489. This seminary has educated more of the ministers of the Presbyterian Church in the South than any bther, having furnished about three-fourths of all the ministers in the Synod of Virginia, about one-half of those in the Synod of North Carolina, and a goodly proportion of those in the other Southern synods as well, besides about half of all the missionaries who have been sent by this branch of the church to foreign lands.
The seminary is under the care of the synods of Virginia and North Carolina, and the board of directors is composed of twenty-four members, twelve from each of the synods to which the board reports. The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States also has a right of general superintendence, and may advise and recommend, but may not originate, measures for the management of the institution. The plan of the seminary is thoroughly Biblical, and the Bible is the chief classbook in all departments, while the institution stands for the theology of the Westminster Confession of Faith. Although insisting upon thorough scholarship, and requiring for its degree of B.D. a grade equal to that of the professional schools of the University of Virginia, the chief aim of the seminary is to give men practical training for the actual work of the ministry, and especially to make them effective preachers. Throughout its history it has been characterized by a remarkably strong and steady missionary spirit. Its Society of Missionary Inquiry was organized in 1818, and in 1831 its founder, Dr. Rice, dictated from his deathbed the overture to the General Assembly which led to the organization of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions.
In 1898, by order of the controlling synods, the seminary was removed from Hampden-Sidney to Richmond. Its property now consists of forty-five acres of land in Ginter Park, Richmond, nine substantial buildings, all erected within the last twelve years, valued at $261,000, and productive endowments of $533,000, besides unproductive assets of $25,000. Its principal benefactors have been Cyrus H. McCormick of Chicago, Henry Young of New York, Joseph Blair Wilson of Rockbridge Co., Va., William W Spence of Baltimore, and George W. Watts of Durham, N. C. The library, which is unusually select, numbers 23,307 volumes, carefully housed in a fireproof building. W W Moore. Bibliography: Centennial Catalogue of Union Theological Seminary in Virginia, 1807-1907, Richmond, 1907 (containing a history of the institution and sketches of all us alumni).