BROTHERLY LOVE Brotheriylove {<t>i\<xit\<pla)
is the love which Christians cherish for each other as ' brothers.' The word ' brother ' has, according to Grimm, four senses in the NT. It is (1) brother by natural birth, as in Mt 4" ; (2) member of the same nation, as in Ro 9'; (3) fellow-man, as in Mt S**- ", though it may be questioned whether the sense is not in tliis |)assage and in Mt 7' fellow-citizen in the kingdom of God ; and ( 4) fellow-Christian. The last sense is the prevailing and characteristic one in the NT. The people who call God ' Father,' and Jesus 'Lord,' call each other 'brother' and 'sister' (Ja 2", Ro 10'). A collective name for the whole body from this point of view is i5<\(p6T-nt, the brotherhood (1 P 5»). In 1 P 2" the com- mandment to honour all is followed by that to love the brotherhood. The verb used in this case, and in most similar cases, is d7a7rav ; but the sub- stantive for brotherly love is ^iXaJ<\0/a. It is the fundament«.l and all-inclusive duty of Christiana as related to each other. It goes back to express words of Christ, asin Jn 13" ' In this shall all men know that ye are my discijiles, if j-e have luve (irie to another."^ In St. John's Epistles (1 Jn 2™- 3'"- '< 4?. ii.»5i) it is made the criterion, both to Christiana themselves and to the world, of the reality of their faith, ' we know that we have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren.' In St. Paul's earliest Epistle (1 Th 4*) it is referred to as a thing which may be taken for granted among Christians : ' Concerning ipiXaSeXtpla you have no need that any one should write to you ; for yon yourselves are taught of God to love one another.' In other words, it is an instinct of the new nature
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BROWN
BUFFET
In the Epistle to the Romans ( 121°) gt p^^j ^j^g Chris- tians in their brotlierly love be <f>t\6iTTopyoi, i.e. love one another with the unforced natural affection of those who really are members of the same family. St. Peter in his first Epistle (1--) makes <pi\ade\<f>ia ivvrdKpiTos, ' undissembled brotherly love,' the very end in view when believers sanctify their souls in obedience to the truth. To receive the divine message in the gospel is to consecrate the soul for a life ruled by love. The writer's ovra fervid sjiirit inspires his words when he adds, 'love one another from the heart ardently.' In the second Epistle (1') <pi\aoe\(pia and dYaTTT) are combined to com- plete the garland of Christian virtues. (piKaSeXipla, the mutual love of Christians, is to be added to eiri^eta, since a religion which does not unite its devotees by bonds of reciprocal affection is fatally onesided ; and 0iXa5. is to be supplemented by dydir-ri, the love of the members in the household of faith for each other, by a larger love which excludes none. Wherever there is fellowship of life there must be fellowship of love as well. The tie is as real between man and man as between Christian and Christian, but in the nature of things it cannot be so close. Brotherly love will vary in its manifestations with the varying necessities of human life, but in He 13'"' ('Let (piXaScXipla continue,' or ' abide ') two modes of its manifestation are urged which were specially important in NT times. The first is hospitality. This was the more to be enforced on the Hebrews, because they might be tempted even by surviving religious scruples to shut their doors on those who were really tlieir brethren in Christ though aliens to their traditions. But its importance as an element in <pi\aSe\(pla is shown also by such passages as 1 P 4*'-, Ro 12". The otlier is assist- ance to persons enduring persecution for the kjOsnel. "The Hebrews are praised (He 6""- and iO"'-) for what they have already done in this way; and here the duty is finally commended to them liy the consideration that they themselves are also ' in the (a) body,' and therefore liable to the same calamities, and possibly soon to need the same con- sideration. The actual devotion of Christians to both these forms of brotherly love — hospitality and ^are of prisoners — is curiously illustrated in Lucian, De Morte Peregrini, § 12. 16. See Bleek on He 13'-».
J. Dennev. BROWN is used only in Gn SQsasi.ss. w (j) to describe certain of Laban's sheep (Din, RV ' black '). See CoLOUBS.
BRUIT.— Jer 10" ' the noise of the bruit is come ' (1^10?' RV 'rumour,' Amer. RV 'tidings'); and Nah 3'» ' all that hear the bruit of thee ' (so RV, Amer. RV ' report,' Heb. )i~v. Botli Heb. words from KV to hear). B. occurs also 2 M,ic 4** ' the 1). thereof was spread abroad ' (4>v/JLti, RV as AV) ; S' ' the b. of his manliness was spread everywhere ' (\a\id, RV 'his courage was loudly talked of everywhere'). In all these places b. (wliicli is the l'"r. bruit from bruire to make a noise, roar) means simply report. The word is pronounced as brute, as indeed it was very often spelt. J. Hastings.
BRUTE, BRUTISH.— ' Brute beasts' (2 P 2", hide v.'") is a more forcible tr. than the 'creatures without reason' of RV, and it is an exact render- ing of the Gr. (4X070 {ua') ; for 'brute' is from l.at. brutus heavy, dull, irrational. Cf. Lupton (1580), 'more senselesse than tlie senselest or brutest be.i.st in tlie world.' In the Pref. to AV occurs ' Bruit t-beasts led with sensuality.' In