The follo^ving are among the thorny shrubs which grow in Sinai : — Cajrparis spinosa, L. ; C. galeata, Fres.; Ochradenus baccata, D. C; Zizyphus Spina-Christi, L.; Acacia Nilotica, Del.; A. tortilis, Havne ; A. Seycd, Del. Any one of these shrubs or small specimens of the trees, which often assume a bushlike form, would answer the ety- mological and other requirements of sSneh. The attempt to establish a connexion between slneh and sant, the classical Arab, name for Acacia, is not defensible on philological grounds. It is better to regard the terra as indefinite, meaning a thum bush, and not attempt to identify it. G. E. Post.
BUSHEL.— See Wkiqhts and Measures.
BUSYBODY.— To express an individual, ' body ' was used early with a tinge of compassion, as Coverdale's tr. of Ps 14' ' The foolish bodyes saye in their hertes : Tush, there is no God.' This is the sense the word has in ' busybody,' of which the earliest example is Tindale's tr. (1526) of 1 P 4'° ' a b. in other men's matters,' which Cranmer, Geneva, and AV retained, but RV has changed into ' meddler ' (Gr. aXXorpifir/o-xoiros, an overseer (bishop) of other men's affairs : the word is found nowhere else). ' Busybody ' is found also in 1 Ti 5" (Gr. veplepyos, taken up with trifles ; the neut. t4 vepUpya is used in Ac 19", AV and RV ' curious arts ' ; Page, ' things better left alone, not meddled with ') ; and in 2Th 3" {ir(pLepydi;ofj.a.(., the verb from vtpiepyos). J. Hastings.
BUT.— The archaic uses are few : 1. Lk 9'» ' We have no more but five loaves' (RV 'than'). Cf. T. Beard (1597), ' It was no sooner said but done.' The same Gr. {oi irXeluy ^) is tr' by ' but ' alone in Ac 24" ' there are yet but twelve days since I went up ' (RV ' not more than '). 2. Nu 22*> ' Go ^^^th the men j but only the word that I shall speak nnto thee, that thou shalt speak,' a stronger ' only ' (D?N, tr Bim|ily ' but ' m Nu 23" ' thou Bh.alt see but the utmost part of them '). 3. Gn 21* ' neither yet beard I of it, but to-day.' The
mod. expression would be ' until,' but tl.e Heh. {•p)^) means 'except.' J. Hastings.
BUTLER. — While the modem sense of this word is that of a superior servant in the houses of the wealthy, whose work is to superintend general domestic ati'airs, its derivation from the French word boutillier, and its original meaning, indicate the special office of offering wines and drinks at the meals of the rich, and during entertainments. It is in this latter sense that it is used in Gn 40' and 41', and the Heb. word (15^? he who gives to drink) is thus tr. elsewhere cupbearer (Neh 1", 1 K 10', and 2 Ch 9*). (See Cupbearer. )
J. WORTABKT.
BUTTER.— See Food.
BUZ (na).- 1. The second son of Nahor and Milcah, and nephew of Abraham (Gn 22-'). Elihu, one of the friends of Job (Job 32-), is called a Buzite, and mav have belonged to a tribe of that name against wliich judgments are denounced by Jeremiah (Jer 25^^). This tribe, being mentioned along with Dedan and Tema, seems to be located in Arabia Petr.ta, and it is possible that in early times it had migrated thither from Mesopotamia. 2. A man of the tribe of Gad (1 Ch 5'*).
R. M. Boyd.
BUZI Cna).— The father of the prophet Ezekiel (ch. 1'), and consequently a member of the priestly house of Zadok. Of the man himself nothing is known. Jewish writers were led to identify him with Jeremiah, partly by a supposed connexion of the name with a verb meaning 'despise,' and partly by a theory that when the father of a prophet 13 named it is to be understood that he also was a prophet. This view is referred to with apparent approval by David Kimchi : ' In the Jems. Targ. [he is called] Ezekiel the prophet, the son of Jf remiah the prophet ; and Jeremiah is called Buzi, because [the people] despised him' (Comm. ad luc). J. Skinner.
BUZITE (-na, LXX /Soi-flnjj).— See Buz.
BY was originally an adverb, meaning near, and became a prep, through a change in the order of words; thus, 'the folk him by stood' (by -stood), 'the folk stood him by,' 'the folk stood "by him.'
1. In this orig. sense ' by ' is of freq. occurrence ; generally in OT as tr. of Vix, as Neh 4' 'Now Tobiah the Ammonite was by him ' ; Pr S"" ' When he appointed the foundations of the earth, then I was Dy him' ; Ezk 1'" 'When the li^'ing creatures went, the wheels went by them' (RV 'beside'); or of rx, as Ezk 43' 'their threshold by (nx) my thresholds, and their post by (Ssx, RV 'beside ) my posts ' ; or of Dy, as Gn 35* ' the oak which was by Shechem,' 1 K 1* ' Adonijah slew sheep ... by (oy) the stone of Zoheleth, which is by (Si-x RV 'beside') En-rogel'; or of T?y ("^V), as Dt 5" 'stand tiiou here by me.' In NT the Gr. is rapa, as Lk O'" 'Jesus . . . took a child, and set him by him ' (irop' eavrifi, RV ' by his side ') ; or irpis, as Mk 11* 'found the colt tied by the door ' (RV 'at'). In this sense ' by ' is the frequent accompaniment of certain verbs, as go, Ps 129* 'they wliich go by' ; stand, 1 K 13-* 'the a.s8 stood by it, the li m also stood by the carcase' (both Vix) ; sit, Neh V ' the queen also sitting by him ' ; dwell, Neh 4" ' the Jews which dwelt by them ' ; set, Lk 9" as above (for 'set by ' = esteem, see Set); lay, 1 Co 16' ' let every one of you lay by him ' {Tap' iavT<}). Evidently of the same meaning also is ' by ' in the phrases ' by the sea side ' Mt 13' ; ' by a nver side ' Ac 16"; 'by the highway side' Mk 10« ; and 'by the way side' Mt 1.3* (all rapd). Then the word 'side 'gets dropped, and we have the phrase ' bf