T. G. Pinches.
CARE. — The proper meaning of this word, and of all its compoumls (of which there occur in AV ' careful,' ' carefully,' ' carefulness,' ' careless,' ' carelessly ') is trouble or sorrow. But from a very early perioil it was confounded with Lat. cura (with which it has no connexion, being a purely Teutonic word), and the meaning of cura, viz. attention to something or somebody, became attached to it. This all'ected even the original word, so that care in the sense of sorrow became anxiety, as if due to over-attention ; while the compounds have now actually dropped their original meaning, and adopted that of cura wholly. But throughout the history of the word, and esp. in AV, wo can trace the two senses side by side.
1. Care is both subst. and verb. As subst. (1) Anxiety (Gr. nipinva.) : Mt IS*', 'the care of this world, and the <leceitfuliie8s of riches, choke the word'; so Mk 4'", Lk 8" 21" 'cares of this lifi,'
2 Co U'» 'the care of all the churches' (KV ' anxiety for'), 1 P 5' ' Casting all your care upon him' (RV 'anxiety'), 1 Mac 6"" 'my heart failoth for very care.' In OT, 1 S lO' ' tliy father hath left the care of the asses (i.e. concern about, "-121, lit. " the matters of the asses "), and .sorrowelh for you,' Ezk 4" ' they shall eat breail by weight, and with care' (i5n^, RV 'carefulness'). (2) Attention (esp. earnest attention, the original meaning of the word in turn afl'ecting thia
* The iiuiiie of the (governor In B.o. 091 or 002 was HCl-emiinuiL
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CARE
CAEMEL
borrowed meaning; Gr. airouS^) : 2 Co 7" 'our care for you in the sight of God ' (RV ' earnest care,' as 8" AV, RV) ; I'h 4'° ' your care for me ' (tA (ppofuf, RV ' thouglit for me ') Wis 6" 7* (^povTis). As verb (1) Anxiety or cvncern (Gr. ^epiMxdw) ; 1 Co 7'" ^- ** ' But 1 wouhl liave you with- out carefulness. He that is unmarried careth for the things tliat belong to the Lord, how he may please the Lord : but he that is married careth for tlie things that are of tlie world, how he may pletuse his wife ' (RV ' is careful for ') ; 12^, Ph 2^. In OT, 2 S 18' ' if we flee awav, they will not care for us, neither if half of us Jie, will they care for us' (Heb. 35 D5c). (2) Attention: Dt 11'^ 'a land which the Lord thy God careth for [pTi, RVm ' seeketh after '), the eyes of the Lord thy God are always upon it' ; Ps 142* 'no man cared for my soul. When the expression is care for, the dis- tinction is not always obvious, since it is the person that is anxious ahout who will give attention to ; but in the foil, passages (where the Gr. is iiiXei) the meaning is always anxiety or concern : Mt 22'«, Mk 12'-', Jn 10'" ' he is an hireling, and careth not for the sheep,' 12* ' not that he cared for the ooor,' Ac 18" ' Gallio cared for none of these things,' 1 Co 7^, 1 P 5' ' He careth for you.' On the other hand, to take care of {irifieXio^ai) must be ' to give attention to,' Lk 10** ' he brought him to an inn and took care of him,' 10^, 1 Ti 3° ' if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God ? ' Hence 1 Co 9' AV, ' Doth God take care for oxen?' (fj-O^ei) is a serious mistranslation. God does take care for oxen, as for all living creatures, but it is only for man that He may be said to have concern (RV ' Is it for the oxen that God careth ? ').
Careful. — 1. Anxious, Lk lO*' ' Martha, Martha, thou art c. and troubled about many things' (Mfp'- tivf! RV 'thou art anxious'), Ph 4' 'Be careful for no. hing ' (firiSiv /xepi/ivcirc, RV ' In nothing be anxious'). In OT, Jer 17' ' he sliall be as a tree planted by the waters . . . and shall not be c. in the year of drought ' (:N'n) ; Dn 3'" ' O Nebuchad- nezzar, we are not c. to answer thee in this matter' (nsn, RV 'we have no need,' RVm as AV). Cf. Shaks. Tit. And. IV. iv. 84—
' The eajfle suffers little birds to sing. And is not careful what they mean thereby.*
In Apocr., Bar 3" 'They . . . were so c' l/jLcpi^vHi'- m) ; to which RV adds 2 Es 2" ' Be not c. over- much,' an expression which brings out the differ- ence between careful = anxious, and careful = attentive or painstaking ; in the latter sense, as we put it, • you cannot be too careful.' 2. Atten- tive to one's interests, painstaking : Ph 4'° ' Now at the liist your care of ine hath flourished again ; wherein ye were also c, but ye Lacked opportimity' (i<t>povilT(, RV ' ye did take thought ') : Tit 3" ' that they which have believed in God might be c. to maintain good works ' ((ppovrl^oi) ; 2 K 4" ' thou hast been c. for us with all tliis care' (Tin, usually ' to tremble,' and so here ' to be anxiously careful,' its only occurrence in this sense).