4. Personal behaviour, conduct, as Sir 3117 ‘Leave off first for manner’s sake’ (χάριν παιδείας) ; 2 Mac 5" ‘He left governors... at Jerusalem, Philip . . . for manners more barbarous, than he that set him there’ (τὸν δὲ τρόπον, RV ‘in character’) ; Ac 13 ‘And about the time of forty years suffered he their manners in the wilderness’ (AVm ‘Gr.
* This passage is obscure. The Heb. word is the usual one for a way or path, and so Driver takes it here, quoting from G. A. Smith and Doughty as to the Arabic custom of swearing by the way to a place. This is apparently the tr. of Vulg. Vivit Deus tuus Dan et vivit via araitea! and of Wyc. ‘the waye of Bersabe lyveth,’ and of Douay. Coverdale and the Bishops follow the LXX (xa) ζῇ ¢ ϑιός σου, Brpea Pes), thus Cov. ‘as truly as thy God lyveth at Bersaba,’ The AV tr. is from the Gen. version, which has the marg. ‘ That is, the commune maner of worshiping and the service or religion there used.’ Thus the meaning of AV is ‘manner of worship,’ ‘cult,’ and that meaning W. R. Smith favours, though doubtfully (RS2 182), ‘In Am 814 there is mention of an oath by the way (ritual) of Beersheba.’ See Brersuesa. The Heb. word derek is fre- quently tr4 ‘manner’ in AV, in the sense of custom, once in Amos (410 ‘I have sent among you the pestilence after the manner of Egypt’).
t Kirkpatrick (Expos. iil. [1886] 858f.) explains the AV text, ‘Thou dost condescend to speak familiarly with me, as man speaks to man.’ It is the rendering of Ges. and others. But there is no other passage in which the meaning of ‘manner.’ The literal tr. is given in AVm, and is found in Wye. and Coy, The Gen. and Bish. have ‘Doeth this apper- teine to man?’ Driver says that as the text stands the best explanation is that of Hengst. and Keil, ‘to evince such for me is in accordance with the law prescribed by God to regulate men’s dealings with one another; displa; it argues unwonted condescension and affection. ut he con- siders the text probably corrupt (Notes on Sam. Ὁ. 213), and Η PO a counts it certainly corrupt (/ntern. Com, on Sam, p.
MANNER 237
ἐτροποφόρησεν, perhaps for ἐτροφοφόρησεν [bore οἱ Sed them) as a nurse beareth or feedeth her child, Dt 1°’; RVm ‘many ancient authorities read bare he them as a nursing-father in the wilderness, see Dt 151)"; 264 ‘My manner of life from my youth . . . know all the Jews’ (Slwos); 2 Ti 3% ‘But thou hast fully known my doctrine, manner of life’ (ἀγωγή, RV ‘ conduct’). In this sense RV uses ‘manner of life’ as the tr. of ἀναστροφή in most of its orcurrences for AV ‘conversation’ or the like. Cf. Jg 1313 Coy. ‘What shal be the maner and worke of the childe ?’
5. There are two passages in which the meaning is more clearly ethical conduct, morals, 2 Es 9 ‘Now the manners of them which are created in this world that is made are corrupted’ (corrupti sunt mores eorum); 1 Co 15* ‘Evil communica- tions corrupt good manners’ (ἤθη χρήσθ᾽ 4)). Cf. Knox, Hist. 318, ‘And wonder not, Madame, that I call Rome an Harlot; for that Church is altogether polluted with all kinde of Spiritual Fornication, as well in Doctrine, as in manners’ ; and Calderwood, Hist. 107, ‘Their (the Elders’] office is as well severally, as conjunctly, to watch diligently over the flock committed to their charge, both pabliskly and privately, that no corruption of Religion or manners enter therein.’
6. A thing which is done in a certain way is of a certain kind, and the commonest meaning of ‘manner’ in AV is sort or kind, as Gn 25% Bwo manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels’; Ex 22°‘ For all manner of trespass . . . or for any manner of lost thing . . . he shall pay double unto his neighbour’; Jg 818 ‘What manner of men were they whom ye slew at Tabor?’ Dn 6% ‘no manner of hurt was found upon him’; Sir 378 ‘Four manner of things appear: good and evil, life and death’; 2 Co 7° ‘ye were made sorry after a godly manner’ (RV ‘after a godly sort’) ; 1 P 1" ‘Searching what, or what manner of time the Spirit of Christ which was in them did signify’; 2 P 3" ‘what manner of persons ought ye to be’; 1 Jn 81 ‘what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us.’ So Berners’ Froissart, xviii., ‘The king gave licence to all manner of people,every man to draw homeward to their own countries’; Tindale, Pent. (Prologe to Lv) ‘The popettes and xx maner of tryfles which mothers permitte unto their yonge children be not all in vayne’; Elyot, Governour, ii. 383, ‘Experience whereof commeth wysedome is in two maner of wise.’ In all these examples ‘manner’ is sing., being used as the words ‘kind’ and ‘sort’ are used still. Cf. Shaks. Lear, τι. ii. 96, ‘These kind of knaves.’ For there is a doubt in the mind whether the word is a subst. or an adj. Hence the connecting word ‘of’ was frequently omitted, as in Tindale’s tr. of Gn 2", ‘And after that the Lorde God had make of the erth all maner beastes of the felde and all maner foules of the ayre, he brought them unto Adam to see what he wold call them’; and of Lk 4% ‘And feare came on them all, and they spake amonge them selves sayinge: what manner a thinge is this’; and on 1 Jn 418 he says, ‘John speaketh not