CARVOSSO
136
CASAS
2 Chnm. U, 6, 14). In Solomon^s time, Hanm the Phoenidftn had the chief care of this, as of the larger architectural works. That the art of carving, how- ever, was coltiyated by the Hebrews themselves to a QMisiderable extent, is evident, not only from the dm^ ubim, which were set first in the Tabernacle, and af- terwards in Solomon's Temple, hot also from the lions which were placed on each side of his throne (1 Kings X, 20). The carving of timber is mentioned in Exod. xxxi, 5, and the prophet Isaiah gives ns a minnte description of the process of idol-making (xliv, IB). The origin and progress of the art of carving, as con- nected with Biblical inqoiries, have been investigated and illustrated with much ingenuity by Mr. Landseer, in his Scitcean Retuercket, See Gbavsh Imaob.
Carvosso, Benjamin, a Methodist missionary, son of William Carvosso, was bom in Cornwall, Eng- land, Sept. 27, 1789. The eminent piety of his parents saved his youth from vice, and in 1811 he was con- verted. In 1814 he entered the itinerant ministry, and in 1820 was appointed missionary to New South Wales. There and in Van Diemen's Land, where he introduced Methodism, his labors were abundant and useful. In 1830 he returned to England, and re-en- tered the home wo^ He died Oct 2, 1854. He commenced the first religious magasine in Australia, and wrote also Mtmoir of WUHam Carvo$$o((\. v.. New York, 1837, 12mo), which has been sold by thousands. — Wed^an MimUes (Lend. 1866), p. 12.
CanrossOf T77illiani, a lay Methodist, <me of the " saints" of modem times. He was bom in Cornwall, England, March 11, 1760, and bred on a farm. In his youth he fell into the prevalent sins of the time, such as cock-fighting and Sabbhth-breaking ; but in 1771 he was converted, after a severe mental struggle. In 1774 he became a class-leader in the Wesleyan Church, and held that usefbl office Ibr sixty years. His whole life was a wonderful Olustration of the power of Chris- tian faith, and his visits, prayers, and exhortations were the means of hundreds of conversions. He died Oct. 13, 1834. See Memoir of WilUam Carvouo, edited by his son (N. T. 18mo, a book which has had a vast circulation), and Stevens, Btrioty of Metkoditm, iii, 218, 279, 495.
CarvTlthen, J. B. S., a minister of the Church of England, was bom in 1781. Having been ordained deacon in 1803 and priest in 1805, he was in 1810 ap- pointed perpetual curate of Sandhurst, Berks, and in 1814 perpetual curate of Frimley, Hants. He died at Sandhurst vicarage in 1832. He published A View of the Brakmimcal Religion in itt ConfirmatioH of the TrtUh of Sacred Hittory^ m a Series of Discourses preached in 1809 (Lend. 1810, 8vo) :— History of the Churdi of Eng- land, parts 1 and 2 (2d ed., with a notice of the author by W. B. Browell, A.D., Oxf. 1849, 2 vols. 12mo):— History of the Church firm the Fourth to the Twelfth Century (with Rev. A. Lyall, ftom Encydop, MetropoL Lond. 1856, 12mo)L— Darlmg, Cyclop, BibUog. i, 689 ; British Critic, vii, 46.
Caxy, Lot, a colored Baptist minister, was bom a slave about 1780, in Charles City county, Ya. He johied the Baptist Church in 1807 at Richmond, and, having learned to read and write, he held meetings with the colored people so successfiUly that the Church licensed him to preach. By rigid economy he was en- abled to purchase his own freedom and that of his two children in 1813 ; and in 1815, having become deeply interested in the missions to Africa, he succeeded in establishing the " Richmond African Missionary Socie- ty.*' Having been ordained, he saUed for Sierra Le- . one Jan. 23, 1821, i;i company with Colin Teague, an- other colored preacher. He established a school at Monrovia, and attempted to establish another at Grand Cape Mount. Having studied the diseases of the conn- try, he was in 1824 appointed physician to the colony. In September, 1826, he was appointed to the office of
vice-agent, and on Mr. Askmom's return to Ameilea in 1828 he became acting governor of Liberia. An accidental explosion, Nov. 8, 1828, while he was en- gaged in mannfkcturing cartridges wherewith to de- fend the odony against the attacks of some slave-deal- ers, caused his death on tiie 10th of the aune moiith.-i- Spragne, Annals, vi, 678.
Caxyl, Joseph, a nonoonfonnist divine of good abilities, learning, and industry, was bom in T/wdon in 1602. He was for some time a commoner at Exeter College, Oxford, and preached several years with great success before the Hon. Society of Lincoln's Inn. Ap- pointed one of the triers in 1663, he was ejected in 1662, and afterwards gathered a congregation in the neigh- borhood of St. Magnus, London Bridge. He died Feb. 7, 1678. His principal work, showing great learning, if not judgment, is his Eaposiiion, with Practiced Obserra- tions on the Book of Job (Lond. 1648-66, 12 vols. 4to ; 2d edit 2 vols. fol. 1676-7), abridged by Berrie (Edinb. 1836, 8vo).— Darling, C^fclopcsdia BibHogrt^phica, i, 590 ; Neal, History qf the Atn'toif, v, 17 ; v, 681; Calamy, Nonconformist's Memorial, i, 221.
Casas, Bartolombo db Las, bishop of Chiapa, Mexico, was bom of a noble fiunily at Seville in 1474. His £sther Antonio, who went to Hispaniola with Co- lumbus in 1498, and retnmed rich to Seville in 1498, made him a present of an Indian slave while he was pursuing his stodies at Salamanca. At nineteen be accompanied his futher to St. Domingo, whence he re- turned to Spain, entered the Dominican order, and fit- ted himself for a missionaiy. In 1535 he fixed his res- idence at St. Domingo, and employed himself in preach- ing Christianity to the Indians. Affiicted by the cm- elUes which the Indians endured from their conquer- ors. Las Cases made another voyage to Spain in order to interest Charles Y in their behali; and so tta suc- ceeded as to procure orders fbr the observance of the governors in the west, restricting the exercise of their powers. Upon his arrival in America he traveled through Mexico, New Spain, and even into Peru, noti- fying everywhere the imperiid commands. In 1539 he again crossed the ocean to solicit aid of the emperor in behalf of tiie Indians. After infinite disappoint* ments, the emperor granted all that he had asked for, and conferred upon him the bishopric of Chiapa. In ^ 1544 he was consecrated at Seville, and retnmed with a band of missionaries to America, where he labored with incessant zeal and boldness to defend the natives, and at length retired to Spain, where he continued his endeavors in tiieir behalf until his death, about 1566. One of his chief opponents was Sepulveda, a canon of Salamanca, who published an infamous work justify- ing the craelties exercised upon the Indians, and even their murder. Las Cases replied by a writing entitled Brevisshna rdacion de la destruccion de las Indias (Se- ville, 1562, 4to). Charles Y forbade its publication, but it was printed, and Sepulveda persisted, neverthe- less, in his devilish doctrine, endeavoring in all ways to propagate the notion that, by the laws of the Church, it was a duty to " exterminate those who reftxsed to embrace the Christian faith.'* jCharles Y appointed his confessor, the celebrated Dominic Soto, to examine the subject. Soto made his report to the council of Spain, but no judgment was ever pronounced, and the horrible massacres of the Indians continued to such an extent that, it is said, fifteen millions of these innocent victims perished in less than ten years. Thisisdonbt- less an exaggeration. An infiunous calumny has been circulated by some historians against Las Cases, found- ed on the authority of Herrara alone, a writer of no credit, viz. that he first counselled the Spaniards to pur- chase negro slaves to labor instead of the Indians. This story has been sufficiently reftited by Ck^^oire, liorente, and others. The other works of Las Cases are Narratio regionum Tndieananper Hispattos qmosdam deffostatarum, etc (FrankfiNtt, 1596, 4to, and at TuUb*