Chandler, Edward, D.D., bishop of Durham, was bom in Dublin about 1650. He received his edu- cation at Emanuel College, Cambridge, where he took his degree of M.A., and in 1693 he became chaplain to bishop Lloyd, of Lichfield (afterwards of Worces- ter), who gave him preferment in both those cathe* drals. In 1717 Dr. Chandler was nominated to the see of Lichfield, frt)m whence, in 1730, he was transla- ted to Durham. He died in London July 20th, 1750. Among his writings are A Defence of ChristianHyfrom the Prophecies qfthe 0. T., in reply to Anthony Col- lins (London, 1725, 8vo), a work which compelled Col- lins to produce, in 1727, his The Scheme of Literal Prophecy considered, which occasioned a second answer from the bishop, entitled A Vindicaiion of the Defence qf Chnstianity^from the Prophecies oftheO.T, (Lond. 1728). He also wrote EiglU Occasional Sermons ; the Chronological Dissertation prefixed to Arna]d*s Eccksi- asticvs ; and a preface to Cndworth*s Immutable Moral- ity.— Rose, New Biographical Dictionary, vi, 200; Hook, Ecd, Biography, iii, 550.
Chandler, Samuel, D.D., an eminent dissenting minister, was bom at Malmesbury in 1693, and com- peted his studies at Leyden. In 1716 he was choeen minister to a congregation at Peckham, and during Ins stay there was also a bookseller. In 1718 he was chosen lecturer at the Old Jewry, and, about 1726, pastor at the latter place ; this last office he held for- ty years. In 1748 the universities of Edinburgh and Glasgow gave him the degree of D.D. He died May 8, 1766. Among his numerous works are. Sermons published from MS. (Lond. 1768, 4 vftls. 8vo) ; A CVitt- cal History of David (Lond. 1766, 2 vols. 8vo); a Vim- dicqtion of the Christian BeHgipn (Lond. 1728, 8 vo) ; The History of Persecution (Lond. 1736, 8vo) • Visidication of the Authority of DanieVs Propheeies (Lond. 1728; 8vo); Paraphrase and Notes on Galaticms emd Ephe' sians (Lond. 1779, 4to) ; Paraphrase and Commentary on Joel (Lond. 1735, 4to). His apologetical writingt are still of value. In theology he was a semi-Arian.
CHAOT)LER
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CHANNING
^Biographia BriiamdcOy iii, 480 ; AUibone's DioUonartf tfAutkan, i, d66 ; Rose, New Biog, Did. vi, 201.
Chandler, Thomas Bradbury, D.D., a Protes- tant Episcopal minister, was bom in Woodstfi^k on the 26th of April, 1726, and graduated at Yale College in 1745. On his return fh)m England in 1751, be enter- ed upon the duties of a mission at Elizabethtown and Woodbridge, N. J. In the winter of 176a-4 Wbltefield ▼isited Elizabethtown, and Mr. Chandler refused him his pulpit on the ground of ^* the rules of our ecclesias- tical policy.*' In 1766 he was made D.D. by the Uni- versity of Oxford. Ih 1767 a controversy arose between him and Dr. Chauncy, of Boston, on the subjeot of epis- copacy, and the pamphlets on both sides showed great ability. The Revolution did not enlist the sympathies of Dr. Chandler, and he retired to England, where he remained till 1785, when he returned to Elizabeth, hav- ing previously declined the appointment, of bishop of Nova Scotia. He died at Elizabeth, June 17th, 1790. — Spngue, Armaltj v, 137.
Chandler, 'William Penn, one of the most em- inent Methodist preachers of his time, was bom in Charles Co., Maryland, June 22d, 1764. He entered the Philadelphia Conference in 1797, and filled in suc- ce^Ion the most important stations in the Church. He took a superannuated relation in 1811, and located in 1813, returning to the Conference, however, in 1822, the year in which he died. As a Christian and a min- ister, Mr. Chandler was a man of no ordinary mark ; m the pulpit, the divine unction that rested upon him, aud the evangelical energy of his sermons, gave emi- nent success to his labors (^Minutes qf Conferences^ i, 402). Boehm styles him "one of the most powerM ministers that ever wielded the sword of the Spirit." In May, 1820, he had a paralytic stroke. He visited the West Indies in hope of benefit, but returned no better, and died in Philadelphia, Dec. 8th, 1822.— Ste- vens, ffisL of the M. E, Church, iii, 409-413 ; Sprague, Atmals, vii, 287; Boehm, Reminiscenoes of MethoditTH, chap. XV ; Ware, Autobiogrc^pky, Change of Raiment. See Gabmeitt. Changer of Money, or Money-chakoer (xrep- ftanoTTjCi John ii, 14 ; icoXXujSmtt^C, Matt, xxi, 12 ; Mark xl, 15 ; John ii, 15). When Judaea became a province of Rome, the Jews were required to pay taxes in Roman currency, and at the same time the annual tribute for the service of the sanctuary was the half shekelof Jewish currency. See Tax. To exchange these, one for the other, was the business of the mon- ey-changers, like the business of modem brokers. To obtain custom, they stationed themselves in the outer courts of the Temple, the places of general resort for strangers from every part of Judaa, and their oppress- ive and fraudulent practices probably justified the al- lusion of our Saviour to " a den of thieves." Perhaps they were also (like the rpaTrt^c'roi, "exchangers") accustomed to pay and receive interest on loans, and this practice is recognised in Matt, xxi, 12 ; xxv, 16, 27; John ii, 14. At the present day, in Oriental cit- ies, money-changers are found in the most public plsces, sitting at little tables covered with coins. See