Drelincourt, Charles, an eminent wa^te d the Reformed Church of France, was bora Mt Sdc July 10, 1595. He was educated at SausQir, sai l 1618 became pastor near Langres. In l&i k u called to the pastorate of the church at Chttrstt. near Paris, where he served faithfully, and -wak rv cellent reputation. He died at Paris Nov. Ilbl Drelincourt was a very voluminous writer. f&^ of all bis writings, see Niceron, Memoirtt, t«1 it Haag, Iji France Protestantej iv, SSL Amoeg ihei are, Pr^ctmiion a la Scunte Cene^ 8 vols. 8vt^ -^ reprinted : — Consolations amtrt Itsjraymrt itk*- (40 editions) ; translated, The CkrisAmi I*-/* against the Fears ofDtaih (13th ed. London, 17£ *^-' with memoir): — Les Visiies Charitablespomrtcf^fry. de pertonnes affligees (Charenton, 1669, 5 vds. li»\ translated into six languages). — Bayle^ i>KfHU> » V. ; Hoefer, Now, Biog. GenervUe, xiv. 746.
Dreaa (does not occur in Scripture in the n» f dotking, but only in the older aceeptatioo otpref^^ or iHlmg). See Costvxb.
1. MaUriak. — These were varioas, and nrili^- with the advance of civilisation. The esrtiBft c- simplest robe was made out of the leaves of a tr* (njHFt, **A.V. fig-tree" — and comp. the preseBtir.- bic name for the fig, ^»)^ portions of which vm am together so as to form an apron (Gen. iii, 7). Aseti: Jews occasionally used a similar materisi n 1^ times. Josephus (Life, 2) records this of Baoas Q^-f' fiiv awo Siydputv XP*»'A"?*'oc) ; but wheU« it «i* made of the leaves or the bark is uncertuo. At- the Fall, the skins of animals supplied a maRdmUr material (Gen. iii, 21), which was adapted to s t^ state of society, and is stated to have beea ntd .'; various ancient nations (Diod. Sic i, 43; ii, 3^; •^*- rian, Ind. 7, 8). Skintf were not whoDv (SfK«i ^ later periods: the adde'retk (P^^K) won bf £^ appears to have been the skin of a sheep or mm oth^f animal with the wool left on (in the Sept the von! > rendered /ujXwr^, 1 Kings xix, 13, 19; 2 KiBgsb.^' ^opri, Gen. xxv, 25 ; and ^pptc, Zcch. xiii, 4; »' ' may be connected with do(M etymologicslhr, J*-- chutz, Archaol. i, 19; Gesenius, however, pntattt notion of ampHtude, "t^fit, in which case it='^ ^ Mic ii, 8 ; Thesaur. p. 29). The same mst«riil i»ir'
plied in the description of Elijah C^?^ ^?3 rx Sept. rti/^p Saffvc; A.V. "hairy man," 2 KiDpl*- though these words may also t>e understood dts^ hair of the prophet; and in the comparison of£^' skin to such a robe (Gen. xxv, 25). It wu chsn^ teristic of a prophet's office fit>m its mean appesnv*
DRESS
887
DRESS
ih. jdii, 4 ; comp. Matt, yii, 16). PeliBses of sheep- stiU form an ordinaiy article of dress in the East rckhardt's Jiotea <m Bedouins^ i, 50). The sheep- . coat is frequently represented in the scolptures Chorsabad : it was made with sleeves, and was n over the tonic : it fell over the back, and termi- ni in its natural state. The people wearing it have 1 ktentifted with the Saga^i (Bonomi's Nmetfeh, 93). The fMeretk worn by the king of Nineveh A. iii, 6), and the *' goodly Babylonish garment" id at Ai (Josh, vii, 21), were of a different charac- either robes trimmed with valuable furs, or the 19 themselves ornamented with embroidery. The of weaving hair was known to the Hebrews at an ly period C^xod. xxvi, 7 ; xxxv, 6) ; the sackcloth d by mourners was of this material [see Sack- >th3, and by many writers the addereth of the »pbeta is supposed to have been such. John the ptist^s robe was of camels' hair (Matt, ill, 4), and a lilar material was in common use among the poor that day ^Joseph. War^ i, 24, 3), probably of goats' ir, which was employed in the Roman ciHcivm, At lat period the use of wool, and of still more artificial Ktnrea, such as cotton and linen, became known, is icertain : the first of these, we may presume, was in- >daced at a very early period, the flocks of the pas- rai famUie9 being kept partly fbr their wool (Gen. Lxviii, 12) : it was at all times largely employed, rticolarly for the ooter garments (Lev. xiii, 47; eut. xxii, 11 ; Ezek. xxxiv, 8 ; Job xxxi, 20 ; Prov. Kvil, 26 ; xxxi, 13). See Woou The occurrence ' the term ketoneth in the book of Genesis (iii, 21; xxvu, 8, 23) seems to indicate an acquaintance, even t that early day, with the finer materials; for that inn, though significant of a particular robe, originally ppeara to have referred to the material employed (the x>t being preserved in our cotton f comp. Bohlen's In- •od. ii, 61 ; Saalchutz, Archaol, i, 8), and was applied y the later Jews to flax or linen, as stated by Jose- hus (^AfU. iii, 7, 2, XiOofiimi fiiv KoXureu. Xiviov ovTO (Tfj/taivci, xs9ov ydp rb \ivov rifulc KoKovfJUv), (o conclusion, however, can be drawn from the use f the word : it is evidently applied generally, and rithout any view to the material, as in Gen. iii, 21. it is probable that the acquaintance of the Hebrews irith linen, and perhaps cotton, dates from the period if the captivity in Egypt, when they were instructed a the manufacture (1 Chron. iv, 21). After their re- turn to Palestine we have frequent notices of linen, the finest kind being named she^ (P^)i uid at a later period buU (y ^3), the latter a word of Syrian, and the former of Egyptian origin, and each indicating the quarter whence the material was procured : the term chur C^^n) was also applied to it from Its brilliant ap- pearance (Isa. xix, 9 ; Esth. i, 6 ; viii, 15). It is the byssua QivtTtroi:) of the Sept. and the N. T. (Luke xvi, 19; Rev. xviii, 12, 16), and the "fine Ihien" of the A. V. It was used in the vestments of the high-priests (Exod. xxviii, 5 sq.), as well as by the wealthy (Gen. xli, 42; Prov. xxxi, 22; Luke xiv, 19). See Linen. A less costly kind was named bad (12 ; Sept. XiVco^), which was used for certain portions of the high-priest's dress (Exod. xxviii, 42; Lev. xvi, 4, 23, 82), and for the epbods of Samuel (1 Sam. ii, 18) and David (2 Sam. vi, 14) : it is worthy of notice, in reference to its quality fnd appearance, that it is the material in which angels are represented (Ezek. iz, 8, 11; z, 2, 6, 7; l^n. X, 5 ; xii, 6 ; Rev. xv, 6). A coarser kind of linen, termed itfioKivov (Ecclus. xl, 4), was used by the very poor. The Hebrew term iodm' C'?? = <">*• ^<^, and tatin) expresses a fine kind of linen, especial- ly adapted for summer wear, as distinct from the tara- &a^, which was thick (Talmud, Menach, p. 41, 1). ^at may have been the distinction between aheih and sadin (Prov. xxxi, 22, 24) we know not : the prob-