Henhofer, Aloys, a German divine, Avas born at Volkersbach, near Ettlingen, of Roman Catholic parents, JiUy 11, 1789. His mother destined him for the Roman Catholic priesthood, and hoped that he woidd become a missionary. He studied at the University of Freiburo-, and at the Roman Catholic Seminary of Meersburg. Af- ter his ordination as priest, he was tutor for some years in a noble family, and in 1818 became .pastor at Muhl- liausen. Here he soon found the need of a deeper per- sonal religion, and was greatly edified by the conversa- tion of Fink, one of Sader's disciples, and by reading the Life of Martin Boos. His preacliing became earnestly evangehcal, and crowds flocked to hear him. His or- thodoxy was soon questioned, and, on examination, he avowed his doubts as to the Romanist doctrine of the Mass. His excommunication followed (Oct. 16, 1822). and gave occasion to his book Christliches Giaubensbc- kenntniss d. Pfarrer's Ilenhifer. A flock of his converts speedily gathered around him, and in 1823 he was in- stalled as its Evangelical Protestant pastor. In 1827 he was called to Spock, near Carlsruhe, where he labored as pastor for thirty-flve years. His influence was felt widely in the revival of evangelical religion throughout Baden. He died December 5, 1802. Besides numerous pamphlets on the Roman Catholic controversy, and on practical questions, he published Der Kampf des Un- glaubens mil Abei-glauben u. Glauben, ein Zeichen uruserer Zeit (Heidelberg, 1861) -.—Predigten (posthumous, Hei- delberg, 1863). See also Frommcl, A us dem Leben des Dr. Aloys Henhofer (Carlsruhe, 1865, 8vo).
Henke, Heinrich Philipp Konrad, a German theologian, Avas bom at Hehlen, in Brunswick, July 3,
1752. His early proficiency was so great that before he went to the luiiversity he was employed as a gj^mnasial teacher (1771-72). After studying philology and the- ology at Helmstadt, he was made professor of philoso- phy there in 1777, and in 1780 professor of theology. In 1803 he became principal of the Carolinum, Bruns- wick. After a very successful career, both as teacher and wTiter, he died May 2, 1809. In theology he be- longed to the rationalistic school of Semler, and his Church History is written in a spirit of bitter hatred of ecclesiastical authority. His Life bj' Bollmann appear- ed at Helmstadt in 1816. As a critic he certainly had great merits, but his rationalistic views have made his writings shortlived. His reputation chiefly rests on his Allgemeine Geschichte der Christ lichen Kirche (Brunsw. 1799-1808, 6 vols. 8vo; finished by Vater, 1813-20, vols, vii and viii). It is a "clever and spirited work; but the Church appears in it, not as the temple of God on earth, but as a great infirmary or bedlam" (Schaff', Ch. History, i, 22 ; see also Kahnis, German Protestantism, p. 177). He wrote also, Lineamenta institutionuni fidti Christiana; historico-criticarum (Helmstadt, 1783; 2d ed. 1795 ; German, 1803) : — Magazinf. d. Religions-philuso- ])hie, Exegcse und Kirchengesch. (Helmst. 1793-1804, 12 vols.) : — Archil', fur die neueste Kirchengesch. (^Veimar, 1794-99, 6 vols.) : — Religionsannalen (Brunsw. 1800-05, 12 numbers) • — Kirchengesch. des 18'™ Jahrh. (Brunsw. 1802) : — Hist. Untersuchungen in d. Christ. Glaubenslehre (Helmst. 1802) : — Beitrdge z. neuesten Gesch. d. Religion, etc. (Berlin, 1806, 2 vols.). See F. A. Ludewig, Al)riss einer Lebensgesch. Henkes; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Ginerale, xxiii, 933.
Henkel, Charles, was descended from a long line of ministerial ancestors in the Lutheran Chiu-ch. He was born j\Iay 18, 1798, in New ]\Iarket,Va. He stud- ied theology under the direction of his father, the Rev. Paul Henkel, and was licensed to preach the Gospel in 1818, and immediately commenced his ministry in Ma- son County, Va. In 1820 he removed to Columbus, Ohio, and in this field continued, amid many deprivations and toils, till 1827, when he took chai-ge of the Somerset pas- torate. His health, however, gradually failed, and he died Feb. 2, 1841, He was a man of vigorous mind, and a diligent stjudent. Several of his sermons were pub- lished. On one occasion he was engaged in a public controversy with a Roman Catholic priest, and was very successful in exposing the absurdities of that false sys- tem. (M. L. S.)
Henkel, Paul, a divine of the American Lutheran Church, was born in Rowan County, N. C, Dec. 15, 1754. In 1776 he was awakened under the preaching of ^\'hite- field, who at that time was exciting deep interest throughout the country. He commenced a course of study under the direction of pastor Krilch, of Frederick. Md., with a view to the Lutheran ministry. He was licensed to preach by the Sjniod of Pennsylvania, and in 1792 became pastor at New IMarket, Ya. His labors extended to Augusta, Madison, Pendleton, and A^'ythe counties. His position was very much that of an itin- erant missionary, visiting destitute portions of the Church, gathering together the scattered members, instructing and confirming the youth, and administering the sacra- ments. In 1800 he acce])ted a call to Rowan, his native county, N. C. ; but, the location Ijciug unfavorable to the health of his family, he removed in 1805 to New JMar- ket, and labored as an independent missionary', preach- ing wherever his services were required, and depending for his support solely upon the good-will of the people. He made repeated tours through Western Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio. In 1809 he ■WTote a work on Christian Baptism in the German lan- guage, which he subsequently translated into English. In 1810 he pubUshed a (Jerman Jlymn-book, and in 1816 one in English, many of the hymns being- his own com- position. In 1811 he published his German, and, son after, his English Catechism. He also published a Ger-