Hwiid, AxDREAS Chiustian, a Danish Orientalist, was born Oct. 20, 1749, at Copenhagen. He was high- ly educated, and enjoyed great advantages by travel in foreign countries. Thus from 1777 to 1780 he spent in (iermany, especially at Giittingen, where he studied un- der the celebrated Michaelis and Heyne, and in Italy, where he enjoyed the society of several cardinals, al- though a Protestant in belief. On his return he was appointed professor at the Royal CoDege. He cUed May 3, 1788. Hwiid A\TOte Specimen ineditce Versionis Arab- ico-Samaritance Pentnteuchi (Rom. 1780, 4to) : — LJbellus criticus de indole codicis MSS. N. T. hiblioth. Cccsareo- Vindobonensis (Cop. 1785).— Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Gener. xxv, 688.
Hyacinth. See Jacinth.
Hyacinthus de Janta, a Capuchin monk of dis- tinction, who flourished iu the first half of the 17th cen-
HYiENA
428
HYENA
tury, was named after his native city, Genoa. He was general preaclier of his order, and enjoyed the confi- dence of Maximilian to such an extent that in 1622 he was charged by Gregory XV with a special commission to the Spanish court. He translated Castiglio's history of the Dominican order into Italian (Palermo, 1626, 2 vols, fol.).— Jocher, A llgem. Gelehrt. Lex. ii, 1795; Ranke, Hist, of the Popes, ii, 485.
Hy^na. See Hyena.
Hyatt, John, a Calvinistic Methodist preacher of considerable talent, was born at Sherborne, in Dorset- shire, in 1767. He became minister of a congregation at Mere, Wiltshire, in 1798, but removed in 1800 to one at Frome, Somersetshire, and soon afterwards to Totten- ham Court Chapel and the Tabernacle, London. Here he was co-pastor with the Rev. Jlatthew Wilks until his death in 1826. His principal works are. Christian Duty and Encouragement in Times of Distress (2d edit. Lond.
1810, 8vo) -.—Sermons on select Subjects (2d ed. London,
1811, 8vo) -.—Sermons on various Subjects, edited by his son, Charles Hyatt, with memoir of the author by the Rev. John Morison, etc. (2d ed. Lond. 1828, 8vo).— Dar- ling, Ci/clopcedia Bibliorjraphica, i, 1597.
Hydas'pes ('T^o<T7r/;c)» a river noticed in Judith i, 6, in connection with the Euphrates and Tigris, men- tioned by Arrian {Ind. 4) and Strabo (xv, 697), which flowed westwards into the Indus, and is novir called Je- lum (Rawlinson, Herod, i, 558). The well-known Hy- daspes of India is too remote to accord with the other localities noticed in the context. We may perhaps identify it with the Choaspes or Eulceus of Susiana, which was called Hydaspes by the Romans (Voss, ad Justin, ii, 14).
Hyde, Alvan, D.D., a Congregational minister, was born Feb. 2, 1768, at Norwich, Conn. He gradu- ated at Dartmouth College in 1788, entered the minis- try in June, 1790, and was ordained pastor in Lee June 6, 1792, where he remained mitil his death, Dec. 4, 1833. Hyde published Sketches of the Life of the Rev. Stephen West, D.D. (1818):— ^w Essay on the State of Infants (1830) ; and several occasional Sermons.— Sprngae, A n- nals, ii, 300; Theol. Rev. v, 544.
Hyde, Edward, a IMethodist Episcopal minister, was Ijiirn in Norwich, Conn., March 31, 1786. He was converted in 1803, entered the New England Conference in 1809, was presiding elder on Boston District in 1822- 26, and again in 1830, and meantime fom- years on New London District, and in 1831 was ajipointed steward of the Wcsleyan Academy at Williraham, where he re- mained until his death,' March 16, 1832. His indefati- gable and successful labors were very valuable to the Church.— ^finutes 'of Conferences, i, 162 ; Stevens, Me- morials of Methodism, ii, cxlii ; Funeral Sermon, by Dr. risk. (G. L. T.)
Hyde, Lavius, a Congregational minister, was born in Franklin, Conn., in 1789. He lost his father while quite young, and was prepared for college by his brother, the Rev. Alvan Hyde, D.D. He graduated at Williams College in 1813, and afterwards pursued a course of theological studies at Andover. In 1818 he was ordained minister over a church in Salisbury, Conn. ; in 1823 ho changed to Bolton, Conn., served subsequent- ly at Ellington, Wayland, and Becket, Mass., and final- ly again at Bolton. At the age of seventy he retired from the active work of the ministry, and removed to Vernon, Conn., where he ilied, April 3, 1865. He A\Tote a biography of his brother, Alvan Hyde, and edited Net- tleton's Village Hymns. — Appleton, Am, Annual Cyclop. 1865, p. 636.
Hyde, Thomas, D.D., a learned Enghsh divine and Orientalist, was born in Shropshire in 1636. He was educated at King's College, Cambridge. In 1653 he went to. London, and rendered essential sen-ice in the preparation of Walton's Polyglot Bible. He was admitted fellow of Queen's College, Oxford, in 1659, and
afterwards became keeper of the Bodleian LibrarJ^ In 1666 he became prebendary of Salisbury, in 1678 arch- deacon of Gloucester, Arabic professor in 1691, and final- ly regius professor of Hebrew and canon of Christ Chnrch in 1697. He died in 1703. His prmcipal work is Uisto7-ia religionis veterum Persarum eorumque Ma- gorum., uhi etiam nova Abrahami et Mithrce, et Vestce, et Manetis, etc. (Oxonii, 1700, 4to ; 2d edit., revised and augmented by Hunt and Costar, under the title Veterum Persamm, Parthorum et Medonim Religionis Historia, Lond. 1760, 4to, illustrated). The work evinces great research and considerable acumen in sifting the ancient Greek writers and some Persian works posterior to the Hegira, but, in consequence of the want of the most es- sential documents, such as the sacred books of the an- cient Persians, which were then unknown in Europe, Hj'de necessarily fell into some errors. Thus he main- tains that Monotheism prevailed at first in Persia, was afterwards mixed with Sabajism, was brought back to its original purity by Abraham, and was finally lost again by being connected with the worship of the heav- enly bodies. The incorrectness of the opinion has since been shown by abbot Foucher (in Memoires de VAcade- mie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 1759), and especial- ly by Anquetil Duperron, who brought to France the sacred books of the Persians. Hyde's other writings are collected in Syntagma dissertationum, quas olim auctor doctissimus Thomas Hyde, S.T.P., separatim edidit, ac- cesserunt nonnulla ejusdem opuscula hactenus inedita, etc., omnia diligenter recognita, a Gregorio Sharpe, LL.D. (Oxonii, 1767, 2 vols. 4to). See Darling, Cyclop. BibliograjMca, i, 1598; Hoefer, Noiiv. Biog. Cenerale, XXV, 691 ; Knijllsh ('ydopaidia,%.\.\ Hook, Eccles, Biog. vi, 239; Allibune, Dictionary of Authors, i, S30.