Pardus, Georgics (or Gregorios), a noted East- ern prelate, who is supposed to have flourished after the 11th centurj', although the time is not exactly known. The only clew that we have to the period in which he lived is a passage iu an unpublish- ed work of his, De Constructione Orationis, in which he describes Georgius Pisida, Nicolaus Callicles, and Theodoras Prodromus as "more recent writers of iambic verse." Nicolaus and Theodorus belong to the reign of Alexius I Comnenus (A.D. 1081-1118), and therefore Pardus must belong to a still later pe- riod; but his vague use of the term "more recent," as applied to writers of such different periods as the 7th and 11th or 12th centuries, precludes us from de- termining how near to the reign of Alexius he is to be placed. He was archbishop of Corinth, and hence he has sometimes been called Corinthus ; but Allatius, in his Diafriba de Georqiis, pointed out that Pardus was his name and Corinthus that of his see, on his oc- cupation of which he appears to have disused his name and designated himself by his bishopric. His only published work is Ilepi ciaXfKTMv, De DiaJectis. It was first published with the Erotemati of Demetrius Chalcondjdas and of Moschopulus, in a small folio volume, without note of time, place, or printer's name, but supposed to have been printed at Milan, 1493 (Panzer, Annal. Sypogr. ii, 96). The full title of this edition is Y[fp\ cmXtKnov twv Trapd Kopu'^ov TrnptK- /3/\)j^fi(T(^i', De Dialectis a Corintho decerji/i/i. It was afterwards frequently reprinted as an appendix to the
earlier Greek dictionaries, or in the collections of grammatical treatises (e. g. in the Thesaurus Coniu- co^nm of Aldus [Ven. 149G, fol.] ; with the works of Constantine Lascaris [ibid. 1512, 4to] ; in the diction- aries of Aldus and Asulanus [ibid. 1524, fol.], and of De Sessa and Ravanis [ibid. 1525, fol.]), sometimes with a Latin version. Sometimes (as in the Greek lexicons of Stephanus and Scapula) the version only was given. All these earlier editions were made from two or three MSS., and were very defective. But in the last century Gisbertus Koenius, Greek professor at Franeker, by the collation of fresh MSS., published the work in a more complete form, with a preface and notes, under the title of Fpij-yopiov fjriTpoTroXlTov Ko- pij'^ov TTipi SiaXeKTuji', Gregorius CorintJii MciropolifcB de Dialectis (Leyden, 17CC, 8vo). The volume in- cluded two other treatises or abstracts on the Dialectis by the ^inonymous writers known as Grammaticus Leidensis and Grammaticus Meermannianus. An edi- tion by G. H. Schaffer, containing the treatises pub- lished by Koenius, and one or two additional, among which was the tract of Manuel Moschopulus, De Vo- cmn Passionibus, was subsequently published (Leips. 1811, 8vo), with copious notes and observations by Koenius, Bastius, Boissonade, and Schaffer, and a Commentatio Palceographica by Bastius. Several works of Pardus are extant in MS. ; thej' are on grammar ; the most important are apparently that Utpi avvrc'it,- tojg \uyov i'jTOi Ttipl tov fir) aoKoiKiZ^iiv Kai ntpi f3ap- (iapiapov, K. T. X., De Constructione Oratlonis, vd de Soloscismo ct Barbaris7no, etc. ; that Ufpi TpoTruv wott)- TiKwv, De Tropis Poeticis; and especially that entitled E?;/y>/(Tf(C tig tovq Kavuvag tCjv StoTroriKwv toproJi', K. T. \., Expositiones in Canones s. Hymnos Dominicos Festorumque tvtiiis Anni, et in Triodia ^lagna Hehdo- madis ac Festorum Deiparce, a grammatical exposition of the hymns ofCosmas and Damascenus, used in the Greek Church — a work which has been, by the over- sight of Possevino, Sixtus of Sena, and others, repre- sented as a collection of Homilice et Sermones. See Allatius, De Georgiis, p. 416, ed. Paris, et apud Fabric. Bihl. Grac. xii, 122 sq. ; Koenius, Pra/. in Gregor. Corinth. ; Fabric. Bibl. Grmc. vi, 195 sq., 820, 341 ; ix, 742.— Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Pom. Mijthol. iii, 121.
Pare the Nails (CJ-iSSn ^'C'J, lit. male the nails; Sept. Trtptorvxi^tiv; \u\g. circuincidei-e ungues'). This expression occurs in Deut. xxi, 12, in reference to female captives taken in war: "Thou shalt bring her home to thine house, and she shall shave her head and pare her nails." The margin has "or suffer to grow," which is, as Roberts observes, " I doubt not, the true meaning. This woman was a prisoner of war, and was about to become the wife of the man who had taken her captive. Having thus been taken from her native land, having had to leave her earliest and dearest connections, and now to l)ecome the wife of a foreigner and an enemy, she would naturally bo overwhelmed with grief. To acquire a better view of her state, let any woman consider herself in similar circumstances. She accompanies her husband or fa- ther to the battle ; the encmj- becomes victorious, and she is carried off bj' the hand of a ruthless stranger. Poignant, indeed, would be the sorrow of her mind. The poor captive was to ' shave her head' in token of her distress, which is a custom in the East to this day. A son on the death of his father, or a woman on the decease of her husband, has the head shaved in token of sorrow. To shave the head is also a punishment inflicted on females for certain crimes. The fair cap- tive, then, as a sign of her miserj% was to shave her head, because her father or brother was among the slain, or in consequence of having become a prisoner of war. It showed her sorrow, and was a token of her submission. But this poor woman was to suffer her nails to grow as an additional emblem of her distress. That it does not mean she was to pare her nails, as the