Paula, Fraxcis of. See Francis.
Paula, Vincentius. See Vincextius.
Pauli, Ernest L. See Pauli, Philip Eeix-
HOLD.
Pauli, Gregorius, a Unitarian divine of Italian descent, flourished at Brzeziny in Poland near the middle of the 16th century. In 1556 he attended the Synod of Secemin, and favored Gonesius (q. v.), who there proclaimed his anti- Trinitarian opinions. Being accused at the Synod of Pinczow on that ac- count, he threw off every restraint, and proclaimed from the pulpit his opinions respecting the mystery of the Trinity. He rejected the Nicene Creed and the doctrine of the first five oecumenical councils. He went even much farther than Gonesius and Arius, maintaining that Ciirist did not exist before his birth, and consequently reduced him to the condition of man. He condemned the baptism of infants, and maintained that Christ had abolished the temporal powers, that death did not separate the soul from the bod}', and that tlie body did not in reality die ; that the Holy Scriptures do not establish any difference between the resurrection of the soul and of the iiody. but that they will both have a common resurrection ; that the spirit formed not a separate and independent substance; that God raised from the dead the body of Christ, which entered heaven ; that tiie doctrine about the deatii of the body was introduced by the antichrist, who establisiied liy it purgatory and the invocation of the saints. Pauli was also inclined to a community of goods. These daring propositions were strenuously
PAULI
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opposed by Sarnicki and the orthodox party, which was strong at that synod. They boldly denounced the doctrine of Pauli as dangerous, and subversive of Christianity itself. The synod separated, however, without giving any final decision, but a war from the pulpit was begun on the subject. The Synod of Ro- gow, in July, 15C2, convened for the purpose of con- ciliating the parties, evinced a leaning to the doctrines of Pauli, and that of Pinczovv (August, 15G2) was composed of a majority of his adherents ; but Sarnicki refused to acknowledge its authority. Another sj'nod, which met at the same place (Nov. 4, 1562), tried to preserve a union b}^ a proposition that the confession of the Helvetian Church should be signed, but that all should be permitted to examine and to explain it without limitation. Tliis proposition was rejected by the orthodox party. But the conference of Piotrkovv, which was held the same j'ear, established a final sep- aration, as the anti-Trinitarian party, guided by the ministers Pauli, Stanislav, Ludomirski, Martinus Kro- wicki, George Shoman, and the nobles John Niemo- jowski, Hieronj'mus Filipovvski, and John Kazanow- ski, solemnl}' declared their rejection of the m3'stery of the Trinity. Sarnicki, supported by the influence of Boucer, castellan of Biecz, and by Myrzkowski, pal- atine of Cracow, assembled on May 14, 1563, at the last-named capital, a s3'nod of the stanch adherents of the Helvetian Church. It condemned in an unquali- fied manner the anti-Trinitarian doctrines, and sum- moned Pauli, who was minister of the congregation of Cracow, to resign his office. He was obliged to com- ply with this injunction, but remained for some time at the head of a separate congregation which had em- braced his opinions. He retired to Pinczow, whence he passed to Racow, and presided over the congrega- tion of that place until his death in 1591. He advo- cated all his life the doctrine that a Christian should neither accept civil offices nor bear arms. See Kra- sinski, Hist, of the Ref. in Poland, i, 357 sq.
Pauli, Philip Reinhold, one of the pioneer ministers of the German Reformed Church in this eountrj', was born in the city of Magdeburg, Prussia, June 22, 1742. His father, Ernest L. Pauli, was a clergyman of high standing, and at one time court- preacher. Philip completed his literary course in the universities of Halle and Leipsic, travelled for some time in Europe, and came to this country in 1783. For several j-ears he taught school, last at Philadelphia Academj'' ; in 178S) he was ordained to the ministr}', and placed over several congregations in Montgomery County, Pa. In 1793 he removed to Reading, Pa., where "he labored with great zeal and activit}^ as pastor of the German Reformed Church for a period of twentj'-one j'ears and nine months," at the same time conducting a "Latin and French School." He died Jan. 27, 1815. Mr. Pauli was a man of good parts and finished education. " He was regarded in his day as an eloquent preacher." Two of his sons en- tered the ministrv of the Church. See Harbaugh, Fathers of the Ref. Church, iii, 21-24.
Pauli Joannites, a name given to the Attingians, and sometimes to all the Paulicians.
Paulianists, the followers of Paul of Samosata. See Paulians.
Patilians, or Paulianists, or Samosatians, the followers of Paul of Samosata, who was made bishop of Antioch in 260, and deposed by the unani- mous sentence of a great council held in Antioch in 269 or 270. See Paul of Samosata. He refused to submit to the decision of the council, and the exer- cise of Aurelian's authority to enforce their decree is memorable as the earliest instance on record of the in- terference of the secular power in the internal affairs of the Church. One of the canons of Nice required the Paulians to be rebaptized, because in baptizing they did not use the only lawful form according to