Paulinus of Treves, an ecclesiastic who flour- ished alioiit the middle of the 4th century as successor to iNIaximian in the bishopric of Treves, belonged to the most zealous Athanasians of the West. On account of his opposition to Constantino, and those who with him labored for the establishment of the semi-Arian doc- trines in the Church, lie was exiled, according to Atha- nasius, during the Council of Milan, A.D. 335 ; accord- ing to Jerome and Sulpieius Severus, much earlier. He died about 358. He is commemorated by the Church of Kome Aug. 31. Tiie Clmrch of Treves continues to revere his memory scrupulously. According to tradi- tion, his remains were brought from Phrygia to Treves, but there is doubt as to tlie accuracy of this report. See Tillemont, Memoii-es Ecclesiustiques, vol. vi.
Paulinus or Tyre, an Eastern prelate, flourished in the early part of the 4th century. He was the con- temporary and friend of Eusebius of Cassarea, who ad- dressed to liirn the tenth book of his Historia Ecclesias- tica. Paulinus is conjectured, from an obscure intimation in Eusebius {Contra Marcel. A ncyr. 1. 4), to have been a native of Antioch. He was bishop of Tyre, and the restorer of the church there after it had been destroyed by the heathens in the Diocletian persecutions. This restoration took place after the death of Maximin Daza, in A.D. 313; consequently Paulinus must have obtained his bishopric before that time. (3n the dedi- cation of the new building, an oration {Oratio jnine- gijrica^ was addressed to Paulinus, apparently by Eu- sebius himself, who has preserved the prolix compo- sition {Hist. Eccles. x, 1, 4). On the outbreak of the Arian controversy, Paulinus is represented as one of the chief supporters of Arianism. But it is not clear that he took a decided part in the controversy ; he appears to have been, like Eusebius, a moderate man, averse to extreme measures, and to the introduction of unscrip- tural terms and needless theological definitions. Arius distinctly names him among those who agreed with him : but then Arius gave to the confession to which this statement refers the most orthodox complexion in his power (Theodoret, Hist. Eccles. 1, 5). Eusebius of Nicomedia wrote to Paulinus, rebuking him for his si- lence and concealment of his sentiments: but it is not clear whether he was correctly informed what those sentiments were. Athanasius {De Sijnodis. c. 17) charges Paidinus with having given utterance to Arian sentiments, but gives no citation from him. He certain- ly agreed with the bishops of Palestine in granting to Arius the power of holding assemblies of his partisans; but at the same time these prelates recommended the heresiarch to submit to his diocesan. Alexander of Alex- andria, and to endeavor to be readmitted to the commun- ion of the Church. Paulinus's concurrence in these steps shows that, if not a supporter of Arianisin, he was at any rate not a bigoted opponent (Sozomen, Hist. Ec- cles. c. 15). Paulinus was shortly before his death translated to the bishopric of Antioch (Eusebius, Contra J\[arcel. 1. 4 ; Philostorgius, Hist. Eccles. iii, 15) ; but it is disputed whether this was before or after the Council of Nice ; some place his translation in A.D. 323, others in A.D. 331. Whether Paulinus was present at the Coun- cil of Nice, or even lived to see it, is not determined. The question is argued at considerable length by Yale- sius (note ad Eusebius, Hist. Eccles. x, i), Hanckius {De Rerum Byznnt. Scriptor. pt. i, cap. i, § 235, etc.), and by Tillemont {Memoires, vii, 646, etc.). We are disposed to acquiesce in the judgment of Le Quien, who places the accession of Paulinus to the see of Antioch in A.D. 323 or 324, and his death in the latter year. See, besides Eusebius, Sozomen, Theodoret, and Philostorgius, Tille- mont, Memoires, vol. vi and vii ; Le Quien, Oriens Chris- tianus, vol. ii, col. 708, 803. — Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Rom. Biog. and Mythol. iii, 143.
Paulinus of York, St., an ecclesiastic of the 7th century, noted as the companion of St, Augustine in his mission in England, was sent from Kome by pope Greg-
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PAULO
ory I in A.D. 601. He soon made liimself the favorite of the English princes, and obtained positions of influ- ence and trust at court. In A.D. G25 he was consecra- ted bishop by archbishop Justus to attend ^thelburga, duugliter of iEthelbert, king of Kent, to the North on her marriage with Edwin, king of the Northumbrians. In A.U. G2G and 627 his missionary labors resulted in marvellous successes ; thousands were baptized by him, and his fame was in all the land. He was made bishop of York, where he founded the cathedral, about 628, and in 631 consecrated Honorius archbishop of Canterbury at Lincoln. In 633, on the death of king Edwin, he was obliged to flee before the invading Northumbrians, and settled in Kent. He there became bishop of Kochester, and died about 6-13. Wordsworth gives a word-picture of Paulinus of York thus :
"of shoulders curved, and stature tall,
Black hair and vivid eye, and nieagie cheek. His prominent feature like au eagle's beak."
See Mrs. Clement, Handbook of Legends and Mythology, p. 248 ; Inett, Hist, of the Church of England (see Index) ; Milman, Uist, of Latin Christianity, ii, 186 sq. (J. H.W.)