South-sea Islanders. See Polynesia.
Southwell, Nathaniel. See Sotwell, Na- thaniel.
Southvrell, Robert, an English Jesuit, was born at Horsham, St. Faith's, Norfolk, in 1560. He was ed- ucated at Donai, and became a Jesuit at Rome in Octo- ber, 1578. In 1585 he was appointed prajfect of the PLnglish college there, and the next year was sent as a missionary to England. . He resided principally with Anne, countess of Arundel, secretly ministering to the scattered Roman Catholics. Apprehended in 1592, he was imprisoned in the Tower, and several times sub- jected to torture to make him disclose a plot against queen Elizabeth. In February, 1595, he was tried at the bar of the King's Bench, Westminster, and executed the next day (Feb. 21) at Tyburn. He was much re- vered among Roman Catholics for his gentleness and purity of life, and his name has lately been introduced for canonization in the Roman ecclesiastical courts. He wrote, St. Peter's Complaint, with other poems (Lond. 1593, 4to; last edition, with sketch of life, b}^ W. J. Walter, 1817): — Supplication to Queen Elizabeth (ibid. 1593) : — Mieoniw, or Certain Excellent Poems, etc. (ibid. 1595, 4to). His chief prose works are. Triumph over Death (ibid. 1595): — Epistle of Comfort to those Catho- lics loho Lit under Restraint (1605, 8vo) : — Marie Mag- dalen's Funeral Teures (ibid. 1609, 1772; new ed. 1823): — Rules of a Good Life, etc. Collective editions of his works were published in 1620, 1630, 1634, 1637, and 1828; and a complete edition of his poetical works in 1856. See Chalmers, Biof/. Diet. s. v.; Allibone, Diet, of Bnt. and A mer. A uthors, s. v.
Southw^orth, Alanson, a Congregational min- ister, was born at Winthrop, Me., Aug. 16, 1826. He studied law at Lowell, Mass., was converted in 1853, and entered Bangor Theological Seminary, graduating in 1858. He labored at Otistield for a year, and was or- dained at South Paris, Me., in 18.59, where his ministry of nearly six years was very useful. After returning from a voyage to Cuba for his health, he entered the service of the Christian Commission, and labored with great assiduity in ministering to the bodies and souls of the soldiers in the Army of the Potomac. He re- turned to South Paris, and was soon stricken down with typhoid fever, of which he died, March 25, 1864. Mr. Southworth was an earnest, unselfish worker for Christ, and endowed with true nobility of soul. In 1863 he published a small but valuable book on Universalism.
SOUTIIWORTII
898
SPACE
Two of his brothers onteretl the miuistn,-. See Congre- ijaliiimil Qnitrttrly, IMCo, p. 2(l5.
Southworth, Tertius Dunnhig, a Giiifrrega- ti()ii;il iiiiiii.->IiT. w!i.s liurii at Itimif, N. V., .July '25, IKOl. Ik- i-ntiTtil IlaiiiiMT Colli'ge and imrsued liis stiulies*, only taking a partial course, lie received the dej^ree iif A.M. frum that institution in 1831. He spent one vear in .Xidiiirn 'l'lieolof,'ical Seminary, and graduated at Andover .Seminary in 1><2'J. He euminenced his la- Uirs in Paris, X. Y., where he preached two years. He was ordained at I'tica, N. Y., Oct. 7, 1832, and installed at Claremoiii. N. II., .lune l;<, 1834. He remained there until 1838. While there he received a call from Franklin, Mass., which he accepted, and was installed in .lainiary. IKV.t, in a judpit made famous by the long <K-cupancy of the satiie by Dr. Kmmons. After remain- ing there eleven years the pastorate was dissolved, and he was called to take charge of the Church in Lyndon, Vt.. where he remained four years, and accepted a call to the jMistorate of I'leasant I'rairie. Kenosha, Wis., in JIarch. IM.')!'. He remained at this post until 18l)8, and in the fnllnwing year returned to his home in Bridge- water, N. Y. He was a man of line presence and im- pressive delivery. His thinking was clear, and his ser- mons were logical and pithy. As a successor of Dr. Kmmons, it is enough to say he tilled the pidpit to the entire satisfaction of the peojile. He died at Bridge- water Aug. 7. 1X74. (W. v. S.)
Sovereignty of God is his power and right of dominion over his creatures, to dispose and determine them as seetiieth him good. This attribute is evitlcntly demonstrated in the systems of creation, providence, and grace: and may be considered as absolute, univer- sal.and everlasting (Dan. iv,35; Epli.i,ll). SeeCole,(?« the Sorertiynly of Cud ; Charnock, On the Dominion of (1ml in his W'dfks, i, 690; Kd wards. Sermons, ser. 4; .!/<//(. Qiuir, liti: Jau, 1855. See Powek of Gou;
TllKUDlCY.
Sew. See Swine.
Sowan, the first of the four paths an entrance into which secures, either immediately or more remotely, the attainment of the Bu<ldhist Xiiramt (q. v.). The path .Siwan is divided into twenty-four sections, and after it has been entered lliere can be only seven more births beiwwn that period and the attainment of the Nirvana, which' may be in any world but the four hells. This is the second gradation of being. — Gardner, Fuilhs of the \\:„l,l. s. V.
Sower, .SowiNf; (usually some form of ""it, zard, nntifjuj). The operation of sowing with the hand is one of so simple a character as to need little description. The Egyptian paintings furnish many illustrations of the mtxie in which it was conducted. The sower held the ves.M4 or basket containing the seed in his left hand, while with his right he scattered the seed broadcast (Wilkinson, Am: /\</i//'K ii, 12, 18, 3'J). The "drawing- out" of the seed is noticed, as the most characteristic action of the sower, in I'sa. c.\.\vi, O (.A. V. "precious") and Amos ix. 13 : it is imcertain whether this expression nfers to drawing out the handful of seed from the bas- ket, or to ihf dis|HTsion of the seed in regular rows over the ground ((it-M-nius, ThiKiiiii. p. H27 ). In some of the Miryplian paintings the sower is represented as jireced- ing the plough: (his may be simply the result of bad |.ir»|K'ctive. but we are told that such a practice actu- ally prevails in the East in the ease of sandy soils, the )ilough serving the pur|KiMe of tlio harrow for covering the wed (Kums<41, Alrp/Mi, i, 74). In wet soils the seed wax inxldin in by the feet of animaN (Isa. xxxii, 20), as represented in Wilkinwm's .Inc. Ki/i/jil. ii. 12. The Kowing M>nson mmmenced in October and continueil to the end of February, wheat iHJng put in befure and barley after the iM-ginning of .lanuary (Hussell. A/ippo, i. 74). The Mnsnir law pndiibited the sowing of mixed •ced (Ia'V. xix, r.l;'I>eut. xxii, '.I; : Josephus {AnI. iv.