THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
1595. At this same time the pope consecrated him to his bishopric, and he thereupon devoted himself to the conversion of the Reformed. In 1604 Du Perron became cardinal, and two years later was made Grand Almoner of France and archbishop of Sens. In 1604 he was invited by Clement VIII. to take part in the conferences of the Congregatio de auxiliis on Molinism, and he also labored for the reconciliation of the pope and the republic of Venice. He became still more prominent at the Synod of Paris in 1612, which condemned the De ecclesiastica et politico, potestate of Edmond Richer, and at the assembly of the Estates at Paris in 1614-15, where he vainly sought to secure the acceptance of the canons and decrees of the Council of Trent. His writings were published at Paris in 1620-22 in three folio volumes, the first containing his Traite sur I'eucharistie, directed primarily against Du Plessis-Mornay; the second comprising his controversy with James I. of England, who had asserted that the Anglican Church formed part of the Church Catholic; and the third including briefer controversial works and the articles drawn up for the conversion of the sister of Henry IV. (C. Pfender. )
Bibliography: P. Feret, Le Cardinal Du Perron, Paris, 1877; Perroniana, Geneva, 1667.
DU PIN, diipah' (DUPIN), LOUIS ELLIES: French Roman Catholic priest and historian; b. at Paris June 17, 1657; d. there June 6, 1719. He was a scion of a noble Norman family, and received a thorough education, becoming a doctor of the Sorbonne in 1684. Two years later appeared the first volume of his chief work, the Bibliotheque universelle des auteurs ecclesiastiques, which brought its author into conflict with the clergy and especially with Bossuet on account of its rationalistic tone. Under the threat of a rigid censorship he retracted his views, but could not save his book from suppression by the Parliament of 1683. It was continued, however, under the new title N~ouvelle bibliotheque des auteurs ecclesiastiques, and in this form reached, with the supplements, sixty-one octavo volumes (original ed., 58 vols., Paris, 1686- 1704; Eng. transl. by W. Wotton, 17 vols., London, 1693-1707). Involved in the controversy over the bull Unigenitus and accused of being a Jansenist and a signer of the " Case of Conscience," he was banished to Chatellerault, and although he was permitted to return after a second retraction, he was not allowed to resume his activity as a teacher at the College de France. During the regency he corresponded with William Wake, the archbishop of Canterbury, on the union of the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches, and all his papers were accordingly confiscated in Feb., 1719, at the order of Dubois. He likewise took part in the attempt to unite the Greek and Roman Catholic Churches made when Peter the Great visited Paris in 1717.
As a Gallican canonist Du Pin wrote his De antiqua ecclesiae disciplina dissertationes historicce (Paris, 1686) and his Traite de la puissance ecclesiastique et temporelle (1707), the latter a detailed commentary on the four theses of the Gallican clergy. Among his numerous other works special
mention may be made of the following: Dissertation preliminaire, ou prolegomenes sur la Bible (2 vols., 1699; Eng. transl., 2 vols., London, 1699- 1700); Bibliotheque universelle des historiens (Amsterdam, 1708; Eng. transl., 2 vols., London, 1709); Histoire de Veglise en abrege (Paris, 1712; Eng. transl., 4 vols., London, 1715-16); Methods pour etudier la theologie (1716; Eng. transl., London, 1720); and his editions of Optatus (Paris, 1700) and of the writings of Johann Gerson (1703). He wrote with extraordinary ease, skill, and taste, but was lacking in depth. (C. Pfender.)
Bibliography: Du Pin's notes upon his life and writings are in the Nouvelle bibliotheque, xix. 176-253. Consult: Niceron, Memoires, ii. 25-28; L. G. Michaud, Biographit universelle, vol. xii., 45 vols., Paris, 1843-65.
DU PLESSIS-MORNAY, du"ples"si'-mgr"ne', PHI- LIPPE.
Early Life and Education (§ 1).
First Public Services, 1569-77 (§ 2).
Enters Service of Henry of Navarre (§ 3).
Defense of Henry's Claim to the Succession (§ 4).
Activities as Governor of Saumur (§ 5).
His Great Polemic (§ 6).
His Influence and Importance (5 7).
Philippe Du Plessis-Mornay (called also Philippe de Mornay, Seigneur du Plessis-Marly, Baron of La Foret-sur-Sevre), French Protestant statesman, soldier, theologian, and controversialist; b. at Buhy (Normandy) Nov. 5, 1549; d. at La Foret-sur-Sevre (Poitou) Nov. 11, 1623. He was destined for the priesthood, and at an early age was sent to the Roman Catholic college of Lisieux at Paris in spite of the fact that his mother had been won over to the practise, though not to the public acknowledgment, of the Reformed faith. In 1559 the father died, a convert to Protestantism, which was now openly professed by the widow and her children. Mornay prosecuted his studies at Paris for a number of years, then, on the outbreak of the second war of religion in 1567, he made ready to join the Huguenot forces under Conde, but was prevented from carrying out his intention by a fall from his horse. A poem on the horrors of civil strife, composed at this time and ad-
i. Early dressed to the Cardinal of Chatillon,
Life and gained him the friendship of that Education, prelate, at whose advice he undertook in 1568 a long journey abroad for the purpose of completing his education under the best foreign teachers. Through Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and England he traveled, devoting his time with characteristic seriousness of purpose to linguistic and juridical studies, acquainting himself with political, ecclesiastical, and social life and the great men of the different countries, and preserving the results of his observations in a carefully kept diary.
At Cologne he came into contact with Dutch refugees, whose accounts of Alva's rule stirred the ardent young Protestant to vehement hatred against Roman Catholic Spain and convinced him of the unity of interests between the adherents of the Reformed faith in France and Holland. Two pamphlets addressed to the Dutch people, exhorting them to cast off the Spanish yoke, gained him the attention and friendship of William the Silent. Co-