RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Suns Scotus Du Perron
of the energetic minister. Edred promoted Dunstan's plans for monastic reform and wished to make him bishop of Crediton in Devonshire (953), but Dunstan declined because he had not attained the canonical age and wished to remain by the king. A divine revelation is said to have foretold him of the impending sudden death of his royal friend (955), and he interred the body at Winchester with great honor. Dunstan's enemies prevailed with the new king, Edwy, and he fled to Flanders to the monastery of Blandigny, near Ghent. It was here that he gained his full knowledge of the Benedictine rule. A revolt against Edwy followed in England, Dunstan's friends gained the upper hand, and in 957 he was recalled. The young king, Edgar, made him bishop of Worcester the same year, in 959 also bishop of London, and finally archbishop of Canterbury. He was consecrated Oct. 21, 959, and in 960 received the pallium from Pope John XII. in Rome, where his liberality and piety were much praised. As archbishop he filled his suffragan sees with his adherents, pushed on the monastic reform, and substituted monks for secular clergy, having in all these measures the support of the king and an influential party. It is said that he founded forty new monasteries and filled them in part with French monks. With other bishops he crowned Edgar at Bath in 973, and with wise statecraft he acted as chief minister during Edgar's successful and orderly reign. In the disorders which followed Edgar's death (975), during which the archbishop crowned more than one king, Dunstan's party finally prevailed. In the last years of his life he returned to his early artistic avocations, and took much interest in church building and in education; his old zeal for religion and charity continued unabated. On the whole he presents the picture of a man of piety, himself eager to learn and anxious to teach others, also of an able statesman. Laws of his time, particularly under Edgar, show a strong sense of justice, and church ordinances bear marks of his mild hand. No genuine literary works of Dunstan's are preserved. He was buried in his church, not at Glastonbury, as asserted later. A cycle of legends and wonders soon grew up about his memory. H. Hahn.
Bibliography: Sources for biography are the Vita, including one by a contemporary priest (signed B), that by Adelard of Ghent (1006-11 a.d.), and one by Osbern (a contemporary of Lanfranc), are collected in ASB, May, iv. 346-384, in MPL, cxxxvii., cxxxix., clix., and with other documents, ed. W Stubbs, in Memorials of St. Dunstan, Rolls Series, No. 63, London, 1874. These are supplemented by the Dunstan Saga, ed. G. Vigfusson, Eng. transl. by G. W, Dasent, Rolls Series, London, 1887-94. Further sources are indicated in T. D. Hardy, Descriptive Catalogue oj Materials relating to the Hist, of Great Britain, Rolls Series, No. 26, i. 2, pp. 594-609, ib. 1862. As sources consult also: D. Wilkins, Concilia Magna; Britannicas . 446-1717, 4 vols., London,
1737; Codex diplomaticus cevi Saxonici, ed. J. M. Kemble, 6 vols., ib. 1839. For more modern treatment consult: Engelhardt, Dissertatio de Dunstano, Erlangen, 1834; W. Robinson, Life of St. Dunstan, London, 1844; W F. Hook, Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury, vol. i., ib. 1860; DNB, xvi, 221-230.
DUNSTER, HENRY: First president of Harvard College; b. probably at Bury (8 m. n.n.w. of Manchester), Lancashire, England, 1609 (said to have been baptized Nov. 26, 1609; cf. The Nation,
Ixxxiv., 1907, p. 9); d. at Scituate, Mass., Feb. 27, 1659. After studying at Magdalene College, Cambridge (B.A., 1630; M.A., 1634), he took orders; in 1640 he came to America to escape High-church tyranny. On Aug. 27 of the same year he was appointed president of Harvard, and held this position till Oct. 24, 1654, when he was forced to resign on account of his antipedobaptist views (see Baptists, II., 1, § 4). He then removed to Scituate, where he was engaged in the ministry till his death. For the public proclamation regarding infant baptism, which had caused his retirement from Harvard, he was indicted by the grand jury and sentenced to a public admonition; and later he was presented to this body for failure to baptize one of his children. He did much to give standing to Harvard, and was greatly esteemed for his piety and learning. He had a good knowledge of Hebrew, and when Eliot, Welde, and Mather prepared the " Bay Psalm Book " (q.v.) they submitted the work to him for revision.
Bibliography: J. Chaplin, Life of Henry Dunster, Boston, 1872; the histories of Harvard by B. Pierce, Cambridge, 1833, J. Quincy, Boston, 1840, and S. A. Eliot, ib. 1848; W. B. Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit, i. 125- 126, New York. 1859: DNB, xvi. 231-232.
DUPANLOUP, dii"pah"lu', Fe'lIX ANTOINE PHILIBERT: French prelate; b. at St. Felix, 14 m. n.n.e. of Chamb6ry, Jan. 3, 1802; d. at the Chateau Lacombe, near Grenoble, Oct. 11, 1878. He was ordained priest at Paris in 1825. In 1841 he received a professorship at the Sorbonne, in 1849 the bishopric of Orleans, and in 1854 he became a member of the French Academy. As a writer and speaker he was untiring in his efforts in behalf of the Roman Catholic Church and clergy. He belonged to a liberal group, opposing the dogma of papal infallibility, but submitted to the decision of the Vatican Council in 1870. In 1871 he was a deputy to the National Assembly, where he allied himself with the clerical right, and in 1875 he was elected a life-senator. He aided in Broglie's attempt at a clerical reaction in 1877, establishing a paper, La Defense, in the interest of the movement. Among his numerous writings may be mentioned: Manuel des catechismes (Paris, 1832); De V education (3 vols., 1850-62); (Euvres choisies (4 vols., 1861); De la haute education intellectuelle (3 vols., 1870). Bibliography: F. Lagrange, Vie de Mgr. Dupanloup, 3
vols., Paris, 1883-84, Eng.^transl., 2 vols.. London, 1885;
F. A. P de Falloux, L'EvZque d'Orleans, Paris, 1879;
J. Pougeois, Mgr. Dupanloup, sa vie publique et privfe,
ses ceuvres, ib. 1879; C. Hartwig, Die Erziehungsprinii-
pien Dupanloups, Leipsic, 1884
DU PERRON, du pa"reh' (DUPERRON), JACQUES DAVY: French cardinal and author; b. near Bern Nov. 25, 1556; d. at Batignolles (now part of Paris) Sept. 5, 1618. He was the son of Reformed parents, and received a careful education from his father. Presented at the French court at an early age, he gained the favor of Henry III., and in his twenty-fifth year took orders in the Roman Catholic Church. He was an important factor in the conversion of Henry IV., who appointed him Bishop of Evreux in 1591, and it was he who, together with Cardinal d'Ossat, sought and obtained absolution for the king at Rome in
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