PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Word Studies in the New Testament — Volume 2
Vincent, Marvin R., 1834-1922 · 194,770 words · 521 reading sections
Chapter Yj.
Jesus again as a second sign. The pleonasm in again, the sec- ond, is only apparent. Other miracles had indeed been wrought between these two ; but John emphasizes these two as marking Jesus’ coming from Judxa to Galilee. The healing of the nobleman’s child was the second miracle, only in respect of its taking pla…
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Bethesda (Bn3ec5a). Commonly interpreted House of Mercy; others House of the Portico. The readings also vary. Tischendorf and Westcott and Hort give Bn3fa9da, Bethzatha, House of the Olive. The site cannot be identified with any certainty. Dr. Robinson thinks it may be the Fountain of the Virgin, the upper fountai…
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15. Told (avyjyyetrev). See on iv. 25. The best texts, how- ever, read eizrev, sard. 16. Did the Jews persecute. The imperfect tense (éd/o- cov) might be rendered began to persecute, as this is an open- ing of hostilities against Jesus, or, more probably, corresponds with the same tense in é7roée., he did, or bett…
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19. Verily, verily. See on i. 51. But what He seeth. Referring to can do nothing, not to of himself. Jesus, being one with God, can do nothing apart from Him. The Father do (rov ratépa rovotvta). Rev., rightly, doing. The participle brings out more sharply the coincidence of action between the Father and the Son:…
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in the Father’s love for the Son (Matt. iii. 17; John iii. 35; v. 20). “Ayazrn is used throughout the panegyric of love in 1 Cor. xili., and an examination of that chapter will show how large a part the discriminating element plays in the Apostle’s concep- tion of love. The noun aydin nowhere appears in classical …
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Hath committed (déxev). Rev., given. The habitual word for the bestowment of the privileges and functions of the Son. See ver. 36; iii. 35; vi. 37, 39; x. 29, ete. All judgment (7 xpiow mracav). Lit., the judgment wholly. 23. Which sent Him. A phrase peculiar to John, and used only by the Lord, of the Father. See…
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the Baptist. Rev. renders, the witness which I receive is not JSrom man. These things. With reference to the Baptist. Ye may be saved. The ye (duets), marking them as those who might be influenced by the inferior, human testimony, though they did not apprehend the divine testimony. 35. A burning and shining light…
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Voice—shape. Not referring to the descent of the dove and the voice from heaven at Jesus’ baptism, but generally and figuratively to God’s witness in the Old Testament Scriptures. This is in harmony with the succeeding reference to the word. 38. His word. Emphatic, commencing the sentence. Com- pare xvii. 6 sqq.; …
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Which receive (AauPBdvortes). Lit., receiving (as ye do): seeing that ye receive. Seek not the honor that cometh from God only («ai ry dofav THY mapa Tov pdvov Oeod ov Enreire). The Rev. gives it capitally, following the Greek order: and the glory that cometh Jrom the only God ye seek not. Not God only, which enti…
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gle exception (2 Cor. iii. 7), uses it of the dedter of scripture as contrasted with its spirit (Rom. ii. 27, 29; vii. 6; 2 Cor. iil. 6). In Luke xvi. 6, 7, it denotes a debtor’s bond (A. V., bell). In John vii. 15, Acts xxvi. 24, it is used in the plural as a general term for scriptural and Rabbinical learning. Co…
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was known as fu8dov (Luke iv. 17), or BéBdos (Luke xx. 42); never ypady, which was the term for a particular passage. See on Mark xii. 10.* It seems to me, therefore, that the antithesis between the writings of Moses, superstitiously reverenced in the letter, and minutely and critically searched and expounded by t…
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4. A feast ( éopr). With the definite article, the feast ; pointing to something well known. 5. Come (épyeras). Better, is coming. Unto Him (zpos) is rather toward. Bread (dprovs). Properly, loaves. See on Matt. iv. 1. 6. To prove (reipdfov). Lit., proving. See on Matt. vi. 13. Wyce., tempting. 7. Pennyworth (Sy…
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to fish par excellence. Fish became among the Greeks a chief dainty to gourmands, so that Demosthenes describes a glutton and spendthrift as one who is extravagant in fish. But what are they among so many? Peculiar to John, though the idea is implied in Luke ix. 13. 10. Sit down (dvazecetv). Lit., recline. Grass …
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of the fishes. John also uses éyéuucap, filled, for they took up, or were taken up, of the Synoptists. Five barley loaves. A detail peculiar to John, emphasizing the identity of the fragments with the original loaves. Unto them that had eaten (BeSpaxdow). Only here in the New Testament. 14. That should come (6 ép…
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22. Which stood (6 éornxws). Having remained during the night near the scene of the miracle, and being there still. Boat (7Aovdptov). Diminutive: ledéle boat. That—whereinto His disciples were entered. Omit, and read as Rev., save one. 23. Howbeit there came other boats (dAAa 5é 7rJev mrordpia). Some editors omit…
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God requires. The Jews’ question contemplates nwmerous works. Jesus’ answer directs them to one work. Canon West- cott justly observes that “this simple formula contains the complete solution of the relation of faith and works.” 30. Therefore. Since He had claimed to be the One sent of God. 31. Manna. Properly, t…
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36. But. Though you have seen as you asked, I repeat what I said to you that you have seen and do not believe. 87. All that (wav 6). The neuter singular of the adjective and pronoun. All believers are regarded as one complete whole. Compare xvii. 24, according to the correct reading, “that which Thou hast given me…
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Seeth (Jewpdv). The word is designedly used. The sav- ing vision of Christ is not mere seeing, but earnest contempla- tion. Rev., beholdeth. See on i. 18. Compare ye have seen me, and believe not (ver. 36). 41. Then (oor). Rev., rightly, therefore: because of His words. Murmured (éyyéyvfov). See on Jude 16, and c…
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ladder to the gallows; but it is a gracious allurement, such as that of the man whom everybody loves, and to whom every- body willingly goes.” 45. Taught of God (ddaxrol rod Ocov). The idea is thrown into a compound adjective, JeodiSaxrou, in 1 Thess. iv. 9. 46. Hath seen. As contrasted with hearing and learning. …
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Have no life in you (ov éyere wv év éavtois). Not accord- ing tothe Greek. Rightly, as Rev., ye have not life m your- selves. All true life must be in Christ. Compare Col. iii. 3. 54. Eateth (tp@ywv). Another verb for eating is used. With the exception of Matt. xxiv. 38, itis found only in John, and always in conn…
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to receiving what is heard. Compare x. 3, 16, 27; xii. 47; Xvili. 37. 61. Offend (cKavdanrifer). Rev., cause to stumble. See on Matt. v. 29. Wrye., slandereth you. 62. What and if ye shall see (dav ody Sewpfre). The question is marked by an aposiopesis, i.e., a breaking off of the sentence and leaving the hearer …
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Will ye also go away ? (2 Kal duets Jédere Urdyew). The interrogative particle 47 shows that a negative answer is ex- pected. Surely ye will not. Will ye go is not the future tense of the verb ¢o go, but is expressed by two words, do ye will (9ére7¢), to go away (brrayew). Rev., would ye. On the verb to go away, s…
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xii. 9; and perhaps Apoc. xx. 2. It is of the very essence of the devilish nature to oppose Christ. Compare Matt. xvi. 23. 41. Judas Iscariot the son of Simon (Iovéay Zipwvos "Ioxapuétnv). The correct reading is “Ioxapitov, Iscariot, agreeing in the genitive case with Sywvos, of Simon. Ren- der, as Rev., Judas, th…
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3. Thy disciples. Both those who had been gained by former teaching in Judea and Jerusalem, and others from other parts. 4. Openly (év wapfnoia). Lit., an boldness. The reasoning is: no man can assert the position which Christ claims, and at the same time keep secret the works which go to vindicate it. 5. Neither…
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18. His own glory (ry Sofav rip idiav). Lit., the glory which is His own; the second article throwing is own into sharp contrast with His that sent Him. On His own, see on Acts i. 7; Matt. xxii. 5; xxv. 15. The same (ovdTos). Notice the characteristic use of the pro- noun taking up and emphasizing the principal su…
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fects only a single member, but which, nevertheless, they prac- tise on the Sabbath. 24. Appearance (ow). Primarily, seeing or sight. In xi. 44; Apoc. i. 16, face, and hence external appearance. The word occurs only in the three passages cited. Righteous judgment (rv Sicaiav xpiow). Properly, the righteous judgme…
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partly from the obscurity into which the Davidic family had sunk. 28. Then (ovv). Rev., rightly, therefore, giving the reason for the succeeding words in Jesus’ emotion awakened by the misconceptions of the people. Cried (&pafev). See on Mark v. 5; ix. 24. As He taught (d:ddacxwv). Better, Rev., teaching. The ex…
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37. The last day. The eighth, the close of the whole festival, and kept as a Sabbath (Lev. xxiii. 36). It was called the Day of the Great Hosanna, because a circuit was made seven times round the altar with “ Hosanna;” also the Day of Willows, and the Day of Beating the Branches, because all the leaves were shaken…
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Rivers. A type of abundance. Compare Num. xx. 11. Living water. Compare iv. 10. 39. The Spirit. The Holy Spirit, personally. The Holy Ghost (vedpa ayov). The best texts omit dysor, holy, and the definite article is not in the text, so that the strict rendering is simply spurzt. Lit., spirit was not yet. Given, in …
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The prophet. See on i. 21. 41. Shall Christ, etc. (47 yap o Xpiotos). The Rey. gives better the force of the interrogative particle with yap, jor: What, doth the Christ come, ete. The idea in full is, “ you can- not (un) say that, for (yap) doth the Christ, ete.” Shall—come (épxerav). The present tense. Rev., righ…
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for vuxrés, by night, or omitting the whole clause, and reading, Nicodemus saith unto them, being one of them. 51. Any man (rov av9pwrov). Lit., the man, whoever he may be, that comes before them. Before it hear him (av 7 dxovon map avtov). Rev., more correctly, except et first hear. Hear him is an inadequate ren-…
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public part of the temple. Four golden candelabra stood there, each with four golden bowls, each one filled from a pitcher of oil by a youth of priestly descent. These were lighted on the first night of the Feast of Tabernacles. It is not unlikely that they may have suggested our Lord’s figure, but the figure itse…
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16. True (dAnI7s). The best texts, however, read dAnJuvn, true to the perfect ideal of judgment. 17. In your law (év 7@ voum TO dperépw). Lit., wm the law, that which is yours. Yours has an emphatic force: of which you claim a monopoly. See vii. 49. It is written (yéyparrrac). The perfect tense: 2¢ has been writt…
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took (compare vii. 30). The inconsistency of the A. V. in the renderings of the same word, of which this is only one of many instances, is noteworthy here from the fact that in the only two passages in which John uses the phrase latd hands on (vii. 30 ; vii. 44), he employs the common formula, éwtSdArew Tas yelpas,…
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The second class of interpreters, who construe the passage affirmatively, vary in their explanations of t7v dpyny, which they render severally, altogether, essentially, jirst of all, im the begin- ning. There is also a third class, who take ty dpynv as a noun, and explain according to Apoc. xxi. 6, “J wm the begin-…
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nevertheless, I must speak the whole truth, the things which I have heard from Him who sent me and who is true.” | speak to the world (Aéym eis Tov koopov). The best texts read Xade, which emphasizes not what Christ says (which would be Xéyw), but the fact that He speaks. See on Matt. xxviii. 18. The use of the pr…
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closing the sentence, is emphatic. Jesus’ holy activity is habit- ual and continuous. See iv. 34. 30. Believed on (érictevoar cis). See on i. 12, and compare believed Him, ver. 31. 31. Believed on Him (aemsorevxotas add). Note the dif- ferent phrase, distinguishing the Jews from the mixed com- pany in ver. 30. Re…
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reply on a technicality. These are the very Jews who believed Him (ver. 31). Stier remarks: “These poor believers soon come to the end of their faith.” The hint of the possible inconstancy of their faith, conveyed in the Lord’s words Uf ye abide in my word, is thus justified. 34. Whosoever committeth (ds 6 vrowv).…
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applying to a physician, who administered an emetic. The parasite, describing the effect of the medicine, says that the doctor wondered where such a ness Aad place (éy@pynoe). For the rendering of the Rev., compare Aristophanes: mas obv ov yopel Tovpyov ; ** How is it that the work makes no progress ?” (“ Peace,” …
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43. Speech—word (Aadiav—Adyov). The former word re- fers to the form, the latter to the substance of discourse. So Matt. xxvi. 73, of Peter, “thy speech (Aadsa) bewrayeth thee ;” thy mode of speaking. If they had understood the substance, they would have understood the form. Cannot. See on vii. 7. 44. Ve (ipets).…
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Stood not (ov« éornxev). This may be explained intwo ways. The verb may be taken as the perfect tense of ferns, which is the form for the English present tense, J stand. In that case it would describe Satan’s presen¢ standing in the element of falsehood : he standeth not in the truth. Or it may be taken as the imp…
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Thus the rendering will be, Because his father 1s a har. As to Jesus’ course of thought—if we accept either of the first two renderings, it turns on the character of Satan. After stat- ing that the Jews are children of the Devil, He goes on to de- scribe the Devil as a murderer and a liar, and enlarges on the latt…
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The truth (adjSevav). Without the article, and therefore not the whole truth, but that which ts true as to any part of divine revelation. 47. He that is of (0 dv éx). The familiar construction. See on i. 46. 48. Say we not well. Indicating a current reproach. Well (xaros) is literally, jinely, beautifully. Someti…
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question is pertinent why the Revisers have retained see, and have not substituted behold, as in so many instances. 52. Now. Looking back to ver. 48. If we were too hasty then in saying that you have a demon, your words now fully justify us. They understood Him to be speaking of natural death. Is dead (aréJave). …
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To see (iva ién). The Greek construction is peculiar. Lit., that he should see; i.e., in the knowledge or anticipation that he should see. My day. The exact meaning of the expression is altogether uncertain. 57. Thou art not yet fifty years old (zevtyxovta érn ove éxyeis). Lit., thow hast not yet fifty years. The…
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Sent. The Hebrew word means outflow (of waters) ; MIS8V0, probably with reference to the fact that the temple-mount sends forth its spring-waters. Many expositors find a typical significance in the fact of Christ’s working through the pool of this name. Thus Milligan and Moulton, after noting the fact that the wat…
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24. Give God the praise (dds Sofav 7G Oe). Rev., gue glory to God. Compare Josh. vii. 19; 1 Sam. vi. 5. This phrase addressed to an offender implies that by some previous act or word he has done dishonor to God, and appeals to him to repair the dishonor by speaking the truth. In this case it is also an appeal to t…
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worship, the same verb which appears in evoeByjs, devout (Acts x. 2, 7; xxii. 12), and evoéBea, godliness (Acts iii. 12; 1 Tim. ii. 2, etc.). See on 2 Pet. i. 3. These two latter words, while they may mean reverence toward God, may also mean the due fulfilment of human relations; while QeoceBys, worshipper of God,…
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39. Judgment (xpiya). Not the act of judgment, but its result, His very presence in the world constitutes a separation, which is the primitive idea of judgment, between those who believe on Him and those who reject Him. See on iii. 17. 40. Are we blind also (1) Kat sets rupdol éopev)? The also belongs with we. The…
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Thief —robber (xXérrns—Anorys). For the distinction see on Mark xi. 17. There is a climax in the order of the words ; one who will gain his end by craft, and, if that will not suffice, by violence. 2. The shepherd (covuyv). Better, a shepherd. It is the character rather than the person that is contemplated. 3. Po…
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is tapaBon), which is once rendered prover in the A. V. (Luke iv. 23, changed to parable by Rev.), and which occurs nowhere in John. For the distinction see on Matt. xii. 3. 7. The door of the sheep. Meaning the door for the sheep; not the door of the fold. “The thought is connected with the life, and not simply w…
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As Canon Westcott observes, “in the fulfilment of His work, the Good Shepherd claims the admiration of all that is gen- erous im man.” Giveth his life (T)v sux vy adtod ti9now). The phrase is peculiar to John, occurring in the Gospel and First Epistle. It is explained in two ways: either (1) as laying down as a pl…
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Westcott cites Augustine on this word: fuga animé timor est, the flight of the mind 7s cowardice ; with which again com- pare Dante: “‘ So did my soul, that still was fleeing onward, Turn itself back,” etc. “Inferno,” i, 25. Leaveth (ag¢inov). See on iv. 3. Catcheth (dprdf). Better, as Rev., snatcheth; though c…
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Of laurel. There much cattle lay at rest, Both sheep and goats. Around it was a court (aban), A high enclosure of hewn stone.” ‘*Odyssey,” ix., 181-185. Dr. Thomson says: ‘The low building on the hill-side which we have just passed, with arches in front, and its enclosure protected by a rubble wall and thorny hed…
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distinctly meaning a flock, as does also the diminutive rroipvov, little flock (Luke xii. 832; 1 Pet. v. 2, etc.). Render, as Reyv., one flock, one shepherd. So Tynd. Compare Ezek. xxxiv. 23. We are not, however, to say with Trench (“ Authorized Version of the New Testament”), that the Jew and the Gentile are the …
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19. There was a division (cyicua éyévero). Rev., more correctly, there arose. The word oxicua, division, from cytte, to cleave, describes a fact which continually recurs in John’s narrative. See vi. 52, 60, 663; vii. 12, 25 sqq.; viii. 22; ix. 16,17; x. 19, 24, 41; xi. 87 sqq.; xii. 19, 29, 42; xvi. 18, 19. Words …
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desecrated, and only one flagon of pure oil, sealed with the High-Priest’s signet, was found, sufficient to feed the candle- stick for a single day. But by a miracle the flagon was re- plenished during eight days, until a fresh supply could be procured. The festival lasted for eight days. Lights were kindled, not …
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29. My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all (6 rratnp pou ds dédaxé pot, peikwv wdvtwv éotw). There is con- siderable confusion here about the reading. Westcott and Hort and Tischendorf read 6 ratjp pou (Tischendorf rejects pov) d Sédaxév wor TavTov peifov éorw. That which the Father (or my Father) hath…
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38. In Him. The best texts read év ro rratpi, wn the Father. 39. Again. Pointing back to vii. 30, 32, 44, where the word muacat, to seize, is found. Escaped out of (é&\ ev ex). Rev., literally, wend JSorth out of. The phrase occurs only here. 40. Beyond Jordan (rrépav tod Iopddvov). Into the region called Perwa, …
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erally maintained in the Septuagint, though with a few excep: tions, as Num. iii. 3. 3. Thou lovest (ures). See onv. 20. “They do not say, come. He who loves needs but know ” (Bengel). 4. Unto death. Not to have death as its final issue. For the glory (é7ép). Here, as elsewhere in John, am behalf of. Canon Westco…
250 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1887); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.