PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Word Studies in the New Testament — Volume 2
Vincent, Marvin R., 1834-1922 · 194,770 words · 521 reading sections
472 Word Studies In The New Testament.
may very properly be a reference to the extensive money trans actions of Laodicea. Tried in the fire (srerupwpévov éx updos). The verb means to burn, to be on fire: in the perfect passive, as here, kindled, made to glow; thence melted by jire, and so refined. Rev., re- jined by fire. By fire is, literally, out of …
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sight. Thus, by the secret hand of Thy medicining, was my swelling abated, and the troubled and bedimmed eyesight of my mind, by the smarting anointings of healthful sorrows, was from day to day healed.” Compare 1 John ii. 20, 27. 19. As many asI love. In the Greek order J stands first as emphatic. Rebuke (édéyyw…
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My voice. Christ not only knocks but speaks. “ The voice very often will interpret and make intelligible the purpose of the knock ” (Trench). Hear—open the door. No irresistible grace. Will sup (Seurvijow). See on Luke xiv.12. For the image, compare Cant. v. 2-6; iv. 16; ii. 8. Christ is the Bread of Life, and in…
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A trumpet (cdArvyyos). See on Matt. xxiv. 31. Properly @ war-trumpet, though the word was also used of a sacred trumpet, with the epithet (epa sacred. Speaking—saying (AaAovcns—réyouca). See on Matt. xxviii. 18. The former verb indicates the breaking of the silence, the latter the matter of the address. Hereafter…
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He is commonly understood to be God the Father ; but some understand the triune God.* 83. Jasper stone. The last of the twelve stones in the High- Priest’s breastplate (Exod. xxviii. 20; xxxix. 13), and the first of the twelve enumerated in the foundation of the New Je- rusalem (Apoc. xxi. 19). Also the stone empl…
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Looked round, and saw the morning sunlight throw Across the world the many-colored bow ; And trembling knew that the high gods indeed Had sent the messenger unto their need.” William Morris, ‘‘ Jason,” xi., 190-200. In classical Greek the word is used of any bright halo sur- rounding another body; of the circle r…
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at Tyre. He says: “I found it richly adorned with a number of offerings, among which were two pillars, one of pure gold, the other of emerald (cpapdéydSov Sov), shining with great brilliancy at night” (ii, 44). Also in his story of Polycrates of Samos, the signet-ring which Polycrates cast into the sea, was an eme…
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Under so fair a heaven as I describe The four and twenty-elders, two by two, Came on incoronate with flower-de-luce.” Dante, ‘‘ Purgatorio,” xxix., 64-84. Clothed (sepsBeBrAnpévous). Rev., arrayed. Better, as in- dicating a more solemn investiture. See on ch. ili. 5. They had. Omit. Crowns (oreddvovs). See on 1 …
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His power over nature, and His indignation against the wicked. Lamps (Aaprdées). The origin of:our lamp, but, properly, a torch; the word for lamp being Adyvos, a hand-lamp filled with oil (Matt. v.15; Luke viii. 16; John v. 35). See on Matt. xxy.1. Trench says: “The true Hindoo way of lighting up, is by torches,…
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city when besieged by the Peloponnesians and Beotians, relates their climbing over the wall and crossing the ditch, but only after a hard struggle; “for the ice (kptoradXos) in it was not frozen hard enough to bear” (iii., 28). Crystal, regarded as a mineral, was originally held to be only pure water congealed, by…
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7. Lion, calf, man, eagle. From this passage is derived the familiar symbolism of the four Evangelists ; Mark seated on a lion, Luke on a steer, Matthew on a man, and John on an eagle. These are varied however. Irenzeus attributes the lion to John, and the eagle to Mark. Augustine the lion to Mat- thew, the man to…
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sion of the holy Mother of God, and all the saints who have pleased Thee since the beginning of the world. (Aloud.) Fo holy art Thou, one God and to Thee.” According to an unreliable tradition this formula was received during an earthquake at Constantinople, in the reign of Theo- dosius II., through a boy who was …
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to God, and made partakers of redemption, thus fulfilling the language of St. Paul, that ‘the creation itself also shall be de- livered from the bondage of corruption into the liberty of the glory of the children of God’” (Rom. viii. 21; Milligan). Diis- terdieck says: “The essential idea which is symbolized in the…
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To receive (Aafeiv). Or perhaps, better, to take, since the glory, honor, and power are the absolute possession of the Almighty. See on John iii. 32. Power. Instead of the hanks in the ascription of the living creatures. In the excess of gratitude, self is forgotten. Their thanksgiving is a tribute to the creative…
344 wordsSECTION 435Prohapter) V.
which are apprehended by opinion and sense are in a process of creation and created. Now that which is created must of neces- sity be created bya cause. But how can we find out the father and maker of all this universe? And when we have found him, to speak of his nature to all men is impossible. Yet one more quest…
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Sealed (xaterfpayiopévov). Only here in the New Testa. ment. The preposition card denotes sealed down. So Rev., close sealed. The roll is wound round a staff and fastened down to it with the seven seals. The unrolling of the parchment is nowhere indicated in the vision. Commentators have puzzled themselves to expl…
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6. And lo! Omit. In the midst of. Not on the throne, but perhaps in the space in the centre of which is the throne, and which is sur- rounded by the twenty-four elders. ey, A Lamb (apviov). The diminutive, very frequent in the Apocalypse, and once in the Gospel of John (xxi. 15). No- where else in the New Testame…
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triangular shape, with seven strings, afterwards increased to eleven. Josephus says it had ten, and was played with a plec- trum or small piece of ivory. Vials (diddas). Only in the Apocalypse. The word vial, used commonly of a small bottle, gives a wrong picture here. The duddy was a broad, flat vessel, used for …
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period, when, throughout the vast temple-buildings, deep silence rested on the worshipping multitude, while within the sanctuary itself the priest laid the incense on the golden altar, and the cloud of odors rose up before the Lord, which serves as the image of heavenly things in the Apocalypse (viii. 1, 3,4). The …
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We shall reign (Bacirctooper). Read Bacidevovow they reign. Their reigning is not future, but present. 11. Ten thousand times ten thousand (uuplades pupi- adwv). Lit., ten thousands of ten thousands. Compare Ps. Ixviii. 17; Dan. viii. 10. Mupids, whence the English myriad, means the number ten thousand. So, litera…
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13. Creature («ticua). See 1 Tim. iv. 4; Jas.i.18. From xrifw to found. A thing founded or created. Rev., created thing. See on John i. 3. In the sea (él rijs JadXacons). More accurately, “on the sea,” as Rey. Not ships, but creatures of the sea which have come up from its depths to the surface. Blessing (7) evAo…
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4. Red (suppos). From vip fire. Flame-colored. Compare 2 Kings iii. 22; Zech. i. 8. Only here and ch. xii. 3. To take peace from the earth. Compare Matt. x. 34; xxiv. 7. Kill (c¢dEwowv). See on ch. v. 6. Sword (udyatpa). Compare Matt. x. 34. In Homer, a large knife or dirk, worn next the sword-sheath, and used to…
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beam of the balance, and hence’ the balance itself. The judg- ment of this seal is scarcity, of which the balance is a symbol, representing the time when food is doled out by weight. See Lev. xxvi. 26; Ezek. iv. 16. 6. Measure (xoiu£). Choenix. Only here in the New Testa- ment. A dry measure, according to some, @ …
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Power (éfovcia). See on Mark ii. 10; 2 Pet. ii. 11. Rev., better, authority. With the sword (év fouda/a). Another word for sword. Compare ver. 4, and see on Luke ii. 35. With death (€v Javdrm). Or pestilence. The Hebrew deber, pestilence, is rendered by the Greek word for death in the Septuagint. See Jer. xiv. 12…
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breathing, as Professor Milligan remarks, “the feeling of Old Testament rather than of New Testament relation.” Compare Acts iv. 24; Jude 4. True (ddn9ivds). See on John i. 9; Apoc. ili. 7. Judge (xpives). Originally the verb means Zo separate ; thence the idea of selection: to pick out, and so to discriminate or…
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of the opening of the sixth seal with the description of the end (Matt. xxiv. 29, 30), and he will see that the one is almost a transcript of the other. It is remarkable that we find no ac- count of this discourse in the Gospel of St. John; nor does it seem as sufficient explanation of the omission that the later …
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Chief captains (x“A/apxov). See on Mark vi. 21, ana on centurion, Luke vii. 2. The mighty (0 Svvaroi). The best texts read oi ioyupol. Rev., the strong. For the difference in meaning, see on the kindred words Svayus and lexus might and power, 2 Pet. ii. 11. Every free man. Omit every, and read as Rev., every bond-…
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which is in the forehead, is set upon al/ his servants without distinction of race. See ch. xiii. 16,17; xiv. 9; xvi. 2; xix. 20; xx. 4. The plagues threaten both Jews and Gentiles, as the sealing protects all. 9. |! saw. This vision belongs to heaven, while the sealing took place on earth. Arrayed (epsSeBrnpévor…
671 wordsSECTION 449Chapter Viii.
All tears (7dav Sdxpuvov). Rev., correctly, every tear. Com- pare Isa. xxv. 8. 1. When (6re). Read éray, the indefinite particle with the indicative mood. For a similar construction, see Mark xi. 19 (correct reading). Alford observes that it occurs in the open- ing of this seal only, giving it an indefiniteness wh…
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13. An angel (€évds a@yyédov). For angel read derod eagle. Lit., one eagle. The eagle is a symbol of vengeance in Deut. xxviii. 49; Hos. viii. 1; Hab. i. 8. Mid heaven (yecoupayyjuars). Only in the Apocalypse, here, xiv. 6; xix. 17. It means, properly, the meridian, the highest point in the heavens which the sun o…
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ful. The same is true of the West Indian scorpion. Thomson says that those of North Africa are sazd to be larger, and that their poison frequently causes death. The wilderness of Sinai is especially alluded to as being inhabited by scorpions at the time of the Exodus (Deut. viii. 15); and to this very day they are…
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Tails like unto scorpions. The comparison with the in- sect as it exists in nature fails here, though Smith’s “ Bible Dic- tionary ” gives a picture of a species of locust, the Acridium Lineola, a species commonly sold for food in the markets of Bagdad, which has a sting in the tail. Stings («évrpa). Originally an…
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Altar. See on ch. viii. 3. 14. In the great river (é7). Rev., more correctly, af. Euphrates. The Euphrates was known as the great River, the River, the Flood. It rises in the mountains of Armenia, breaks through the Taurus range, and runs south and southeast until it joins the Tigris in lower Babylonia. Its total …
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Two hundred thousand thousand (vo pupiddes pupiddav). Lit., two ten-thousands of ten-thousands. See on ch. v. 11. Rev., twice ten-thousand times ten-thousand. Compare Ps. Ixviii. 17; Dan. vii. 10; Heb. xii. 22; Jude 14. 17. Thus (odrs). After this manner. In the vision (év 7H dpdoes). Or “in my vision.” See on Ac…
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Of brimstone (SevwSers). Perhaps light yellow, such a color as would be produced by the settling fumes of brimstone. Of the horses. In the Bible the horse is always referred to in connection with war, except Isa. xxviii. 28, where it is men- tioned as employed in threshing, the horses being turned loose in the gra…
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a reference to the horse tails, the symbols of authority of the Turkish pashas. 20. Repented not of the works (odre petevdnoay ex TY epyov). Lit., “out of the works.” The preposition é« oud of with repent, denotes a moral change involving an abandonment of evil works. See on Matt. ili. 2; xxi. 29. Works of their …
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entreat and exhort and advise men not to have recourse to such practices, by which they scare the multitude out of their wits, as if they were children, compelling the legislator and the judge to heal the fears which the sorcerer arouses, and to tell them, in the first place, that he who attempts to poison or encha…
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As usual, interpretation has run wild as to the seven thunders. As a few illustrations may be cited Vitringa, the seven crusades ; Daubuz, the seven kingdoms which received the Reformation ; Elliott, the bull fulminated against Luther from the seven-hilled city, etc. 4. To write. According to the injunction in ch.…
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Two witnesses. ‘The reader may profitably consult on this point the lectures of Professor Milligan on the Revelation of St. John. He maintains that the conception of the Apocalypse is powerfully moulded by John’s recollections of the life of Jesus; that there is a close parallelism between the Apocalypse and the d…
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7. The beast (Inpdov). Wild beast. See on ch. iv. 6. A different word from that wrongly translated beast, ch. iv. 6, 7; v. 6, etc. Compare ch. xiii. 1; xvii. 8, and see Dan. vii. Bottomless pit (48vccov). See on ch. ix. 1. 8. Dead bodies (77e@paTa). Read wra@pa carcase. See on Matt. xxiv. 28; Mark xv. 45. In the …
400 wordsSECTION 461Chapter Xii.
19. The temple (6 vads). The sanctuary. Compare ver. 1, and see on Matt. iv. 5. In heaven. Join with temple of God, as Rev., instead of with opened, as A. V. The ark of His covenant (7 «Bards ris SiadIjnns avdrod). Ki8wros ark, meaning generally any wooden bow or chest. Used of the ark in the tabernacle only here…
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9. Travailing in birth (@Sivovca). See on sorrows, Mark xiii. 9, and pains, Acts il. 24. In pain (Bacavifouévn). Lit., being tormented. See on ch. xi. 10, and references. For the imagery compare Isa. xvi. 7, 8 John xvi. 21. 3. Red (auppos). See on ch. vi. 4. Dragon (Spdxev). Satan. See ver. 9. The word is found …
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The object is to emphasize, not the sex, but the peculiar quali- ties of masculinity—power and vigor. Rev., @ son, @ man child, Compare John xvi. 21; Jer. xx. 15. To rule (wowmatvew). Lit., to shepherd or tend. See on Matt. it. 6: A rod of iron. Compare Ps. ii. 9, and see on ch. ii. 27, Was caught up (jp7doIn). S…
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Which accuseth (0 xatrnyopav). Lit., the one accusing. The article with the present participle expresses what is habitual. 11. Overcame (€vixncav). See on 1 John ii. 13. By the blood of the Lamb (6:4 76 ala rod dpviov). The preposition évé with the accusative signifies on account of. Hence Rev., correctly, because…
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1. Beast (Inpéov). Properly rendered. See remarks on f@a living creatures, ch. iv. 6. Rise up (avaBaivov). Rev., better, coming up, thus giving the force of the participle. Ten horns. Compare Dan. vii. 7. Crowns (d:adypaTa). Compare ch. xii. 8. See on ch. ii. 10. The name (évoza). Read dvowata names. On each head…
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nature of God’s holy name and dwelling-place ” (Alford). The word dwell is, literally, cabernacle. See on ch. xii. 12. 7. The saints (trav dyiwv). See on Acts xxvi. 10. All kindreds (zaécav guvdyv). Rev., more literally and cor- rectly, every tribe. See on ch.i.7; v.9. After drebe insert xa Aadv and people. See on…
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on the coin. Rom. i. 24, an mage of men, birds, beasts, etc. Col. iii. 10, “the zmage of Him that created him;” de., the moral likeness of renewed men to God. Christ is called the image of God (Col. i. 15; 2 Cor. iv. 4). Besides the idea of likeness, the word involves the idea of representation, though not of perf…
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and receives certain sacred marks upon his person, whosoever his master may be, he cannot lay hand on him ” (ii., 113). In the treatise “concerning the Syrian goddess” falsely attributed to Lucian, it is said of the slaves of the temple, “all are branded, some upon the wrist and some upon the neck.” Paul, in Gal. …
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The number of a man. It is counted as men usually count. Compare ch. xxi. 17, and a man’s pen, Isa. viii. 1. Some explain, a symbolical number denoting a person. Six hundred threescore and six (y. &<’). Each letter represents a component of the whole number: y = 600; & = 60; s =6. In the earlier MSS. it is written…
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The Adoration of the Lamb is the subject of the great altar piece in the church of St. Bavon at Ghent, by John and Hubert Van Eyck. The scene is laid in a landscape. The background is formed by a Flemish city, probably intended to represent Jerusalem, and by churches and monasteries in the early Netherland style. …
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beings from whose eyes God has wiped away all tears—who will hunger and thirst no more; our imagination invests these flow- ery meads with the peace and radiance of celestial precincts, while the streams of the fountain are converted into living waters, to which the Lamb Himself will lead His redeemed. Here, in sh…
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The everlasting Gospel (evayyédtoy aidviov). No article. Hence Rev., an eternal Gospel. Milligan thinks this is to be understood in the same sense as prophesying (ch. x. 11). Aia- yiov includes more than mere duration in time. It is applied to that of which time is not a measure. As applied to the Gospel it marks …
556 wordsSECTION 473Chapter Xv.
Is ripe (€EnpdvIn). Lit., was dried. Compare Mark xi. 20; John xv. 6. Rev., es over-ripe. 16. Thrust in (€Barev). Lit., cast. 17. Temple (vaod). Properly, sanctuary. See on Matt. iv. 5. 18. Altar (Svcvactnpiov). See on Acts xvii. 23. Which has power (€yov éfovciav). Lit., having power. Some texts add the article…
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Great and marvellous are Thy works. Ps. cxi. 2; exxxix. 14; 1 Chron. xvi. 9. Just and true are Thy ways. Rev., righteous for just. See Deut. xxxii. 4. King of saints (Gacireds tv dylwv). The readings differ. Some read for saints, é9vaev of the nations; others aiovev of the ages. So Rev. Compare Jer. x. 7. 4. Who…
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was thy covering.” The idea is that of raiment studded with precious stones. See on ch. ii. 17. White (Aauzpov). Mostly applied in the New Testament to clothing, as Luke xxiii. 11; Acts x. 30; Jas. ii. 2. Also to the water of life (ch. xxii. 1), and the morning-star (ch. xxii. 16). Rey., bright. Girt round their …
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had to rise and salute him in a particular manner. Any guard found asleep when on duty was beaten, or his garments were set on fire. The confession of one of the Rabbins is on record that, on a certair occasion, his own maternal uncle had actually un- dergone the punishment of having his clothes set on fire by the …
361 wordsSECTION 477Chapter Xvi.
the banners of their nation wet with the dews of Tabor and Hermon” (“Clarke’s Travels,” cit. by Lee). See Thomson’s ‘“Tand and Book” (Central Palestine and Pheenicia), p. 208 sqq.; and Stanley, “Sinai and Palestine,” ch. ix. Two great slaughters at Megiddo are mentioned in the Old Testament; the first celebrated i…
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The same who with the seven heads was born, And power and strength from the ten horns received, So long as virtue to her spouse was pleasing.” “‘ Inferno,” xix., 106-110. 9. Have committed fornication. The figure of a harlot committing fornication with kings and peoples occurs frequently in the prophets, represen…
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Babylon. See on 1 Pet. v.13. Tertullian, Ireneeus, and Jerome use Babylon as representing the Roman Empire. In the Middle Ages Rome is frequently styled the Western Babylon. The sect of the Fraticelli, an eremitical organization from the Franciscans in the fourteenth century, who carried the vow of poverty to the …
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And yet is (xairep éoriv). Read «at mdpeorat, and shall come. Lit., shall be present. 9. Here is (Se). Bespeaking attention and spiritual dis- cernment for that which follows. See on ch. xiii. 18. The mind (6 voids). I. Nods is the organ of mental percep- tion and apprehension—of conscious life, the mind, comprisi…
257 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1887); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.