PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Word Studies in the New Testament — Volume 2
Vincent, Marvin R., 1834-1922 · 194,770 words · 521 reading sections
Gospel Of John. 201
15. For your sakes—to the intent ye may believe. These two clauses, which are separated in the A. V. and Rev., are, in the Greek order, placed together: for your sakes, to the intent ye may believe ; the latter clause being explanatory of the former. That | was not there. Bengel’s comment is beautiful and charact…
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stration of joy. Here, on the contrary, every token of sympathy and respect seems to have been shown. To Martha and Mary (pos tas ep) MapSav cai Mapiar). Lit., to those about Martha and Mary ; a Greek idiom for Martha and Mary and their companions, or attendants. Com- pare of rept tov Ilatdov, Paul and his compani…
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own person, representing humanity, He exhibits man as im- mortal, but immortal only through union with Him. The life. The life is the larger and inclusive idea. Resur- rection is involved in life as an incident developed by the tem- porary and apparent triumph of death. All true life is in Christ. In Him is lodged…
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She goeth (i7ayet). Withdraweth from our company. See on vi. 215 viii. 21. To weep (iva davon). Rev., in margin, wail. The word means lowd weeping. See Matt. ii. 18; Mark v. 38; and on Luke vi. 21; vil. 32. 33. He groaned in the spirit (éveBpepnoaro TO TVvEevpartl). See on Mark i. 43. The word for groaned occurs …
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which makes us best acquainted with the profoundly human side of His life” (Godet). How far such a conception of deity is removed from the pagan ideal, may be seen by even a super- ficial study of the classics. Homer’s gods and goddesses weep and bellow when wounded, but are not touched with the feeling of human i…
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of groaned in the spirit (ver. 33) and of groaning in Hi imself in the next verse. But the words may have been spoken sin- cerely. 38. Lay upon (ézéxevto). This would be the meaning if the tomb were a vertical pit; but if hollowed horizontally into the rock, it may mean lay against. The traditional tomb of Lazarus…
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occurs at vv. 19, 31,36. It would seem to indicate that a miscel- laneous crowd had gathered. Rev., the multitude. See oni. 19. 43. Come forth (Sedpo ew). Lit., Acther forth. 44. Grave-clothes (xecpiais). Lit., swathing-bands. Only here in the New Testament. In xix. 40; xx. 5, 7, o9ovua, linen bands, is used. A n…
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No such hope illuminates the grief of Electra. ** Ah, Orestes! Dear brother, in thy death thou slayest me ; For thou art gone, bereaving my poor heart Of all the little hope that yet remained That thou wouldst come, a living minister Of vengeance for thy father and for me” (807-812). And again, “¢ Tf thou sugge…
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derful as is the action which the drama evolves out of the con- flict of sisterly love with death, the curtain falls on death as victor. Into the gospel story Jesus brings a benefaction, a lesson, and a triumph. His warm sympathy, His comforting words, His tears at His friend’s tomb, are in significant contrast wi…
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by the chief priests, are the leaders in the more decisive meas- ures against Christ. Throughout this Gospel the form of ex- pression is either the chief priests alone, or the chief priests and the Pharisees. The only mention of the Pharisees in the history of the passion is Matt. xxvii. 62, where also the expres- …
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sin of the world. Dante places Caiaphas and his father-in-law, Annas, far down in Hell in the Bolgia of the Hypocrites ; ““to mine eyes there rushed One crucified with three stakes on the ground. When me he saw, he writhed himself all over, Blowing into his beard with suspirations ; And the friar Catalan who noti…
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1. Which had been dead. (Omit.) He raised. For He, read Jesus. 3. A pound (Aitpav). Only here and xix. 39. Matthew and Mark, addBaotpop, a flask. Of spikenard (vdpSou mictuxfs). So Mark. See on Mark xiv. 3. Very precious (oAvriuov). Lit., of much value. Matthew has Bapuripov, of weighty value. Anointed. See on …
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means the preparation for burial, the layong out, or embalm- ment. It is explained by xix. 40, as the binding in linen cloths with spices, “as the manner of the Jews is evrapidfew to prepare for burial,” not to bury. It is the Latin pollingere, to wash and prepare a corpse for the funeral pile. Hence the name of t…
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apart. But the inference from the synoptic narratives can be only that the whole contents of the flask were used, and the mention of the pownd by John, and the charge of waste are to the same effect. There is nothing whatever to warrant a con- trary supposition. Others explain, suffer her to have kept it, or suffe…
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was called “the Great Hosanna,” and not only the prayers for the feast, but even the branches of trees, including the myrtles which were attached to the palm-branch, were called “ Ho- sannas.” The King of Israel. The best texts add xai, even the king, etc. 14. A young ass (évdpuov). Only here in the New Testa- m…
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acquires a peculiar interest from the fact of its being addressed to Greeks, familiar with the Eleusinian mysteries celebrated in their own country. These mysteries were based on the legend of Dionysus (Bacchus). According to the legend his original name was Zagreus. He was the son of Zeus (Jupiter) by his own dau…
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forth, and with the same symbol as that employed by Christ here, the crude pagan conception of life rising out of death. Alone (aités povos). Lit., ttself alone. Rev., by ttself alone, 25. Life (uynv). See on Mark xii. 30; Luke i. 46. Shall lose (azodécer). The best texts read azrodnvet, loseth. See on Luke ix. 25…
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are gathered up in the title ‘the Son of God,’ ‘the Christ’” (Westcott). 27. My soul. See reff. on ver. 25. The sowl, ~ruyn, is the seat of the hwman affections; the spurit (rvedua) of the relig- tous affections. Is troubled (rerdpaxra). The perfect tense; has been dis- turbed and remains troubled. The same verb …
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31. The prince of this world (6 dpywy tod Kdcpou TovTOV). The phrase occurs only in the Gospel; here, xiv. 80; xvi. 11. Shall be cast out (é«BAnInoeras Ew). In every case but one where the word é«8dAXo occurs in John, it is used of cast- ing out from a holy place or society. See ii. 15; ix. 34, 35; 3 John 10; Apoc…
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Hardened (zezwpoxev). See on the kindred noun tapwors, hardness, Mark iii. 5. Understand (vojowowv). Rev., better, percewe. Mark has cunaciw, understand. See on understanding, Luke ii. 47. Be converted (emiotpadwow). See on Matt. xiii.15; Luke xxii. 32. Rev., more accurately, turn, with the idea of turning to or …
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found nowhere else in the New Testament. Some authorities read drrep, above. 44. Cried (&pafev). This is not meant to relate a reap- pearance of Jesus in public. The close of His public ministry is noted at ver. 36. It is in continuation of the Evangelist’s own remarks, and introduces a summary of Jesus’ past teac…
294 wordsSECTION 202Chapter Xiii.
The word (6 doyos). Comprehending all the sayings (pn- pata). The same (éxeivos). That. The pronoun of remote refer- ence, Westcott finely remarks: “The resumptive, isolating pronoun places in emphatic prominence the teaching which is regarded as past, and separated from those to whom it was ad- dressed. It stand…
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and compare John iii.16; Eph. ii. 4; v. 2,25; 2 Thess. 11. 16; Apoe. ill. 9. 2. Supper being ended (Se/zvov yevouévov). The most approved reading is yuvopévou, the present participle, denoting while a supper was in progress. Hence Rev., rightly, during supper. The A. V. is wrong, even if the reading of the Receive…
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4. From the supper (é« tod de’rvov). Out of the group gathered at the table. Laid aside (r/Inov). Present tense: layeth aside. Garments ((udtia). See on Matt. v.40. Upper garments. Towel (Aévtiov). A Latin word, lintewm. A linen cloth. Only here and ver. 5. Girded (8:é{acev). Only in this chapter and xxi. 7. The …
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the New Testament. The word for washing things, as nets, garments, etc., is wAvvo. See Luke v. 2. All three verbs occur in Lev. xv. 11 (Sept.). 11. Who should betray (rév wapadidévra). Lit., him that és betraying. So in Matt. xxvi. 2, the present tense is used, es being betrayed (rrapasiSoras). See on Matt. iv. 12…
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of one’s feet in wrestling; but, as Meyer justly says, “ Jesus was not overreached.” The quotation is from the Hebrew, not the Septuagint of Ps. xli. 9 (Sept. xl.). The Septuagint reads, “For the man of my peace in whom I hoped, who eateth my bread, magnified his cunning (arepyopdr, lit., tripping up) against me.”…
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of honor, and John, being in front of Him, could readily lean back and speak to Him. Peter would be behind him. Bosom. See on Luke vi. 38. The Synoptists do not give this incident. 24. Beckoneth (vever). Lit., noddeth. That he should ask who it should be (ruSécSar tis av ein). The best texts read, nat réyer auto …
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As he was (oUrws). Inserted by the best texts, and not found in the A. V. Reclining as he was, he leaned back. The general attitude of reclining was maintained. Compare iv. 6: “gat thus (ovrws) on the well.” According to the original in- stitution, the Passover was to be eaten standing (Exod. xii. 11). After the C…
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him ;” with tender care. In 1 Oor. xiii. 3, the original sense appears to be emphasized: “Though J bestow all my goods to Seed the poor (owpicw).” This idea is that of doling away in morsels. Dean Stanley says: “Who that has witnessed the almsgiving in a Catholic monastery, or the court of a Spanish or Sicilian bi…
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Into him (eis éxetvov). The pronoun of remote reference sets Judas apart from the company of the disciples. Quickly (rdxvov). Lit., more guickly. The comparative implies a command to hasten his work, which was already begun. 29. The bag. See on xii. 6. Buy (ayopacov). An incidental argument in favor of this gath…
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Is—glorified (éd0&dc3n). Lit., was glorified. The aorist points to the withdrawal of Judas. Jesus was glorified through death, and His fate was sealed (humanly speaking) by Judas’ going out. He speaks of the death and consequent glorification as already accomplished. 32. If God be glorified in Him. The most ancien…
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serve this ordinance) I give unto you, in order that ye love one another.” It is, however, more than improbable, and contrary to usage, that the Holy Supper should be spoken of as évrod) a commandment. That (iva). With its usual telic * force; indicating the scope and not merely the form or nature of the commandme…
260 wordsSECTION 213Chapter Xiv.
1. Heart (xapS/a). Never used in the New Testament, as in the Septuagint, of the mere physical organ, though some- times of the vigor and sense of physical life (Acts xiv. 17; Jas. v.5; Luke xxi. 34). Generally, the centre of our complex being—physical, moral, spiritual, and intellectual. See on Mark xii. 30. The …
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the family or all the persons inhabiting the house (Matt. xii. 25; John iv. 58; 1 Cor. xvi. 15; Matt. x. 13). Of property (Matt. xxiii. 14; Mark xii. 40). Here meaning heaven.* Mansions (oval). Only here and ver. 23. From pévw to stay or abide. Originally a staying or abiding or delay. Thus Thucydides, of Pausania…
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Twelve chambers for his daughters, also near Each other ; and, with polished marble walls, The sleeping-rooms of Priam’s sons-in-law And their unblemished consorts.”’ ‘«Tliad,” vi., 242-250. Godet remarks: “The image is derived from those vast oriental palaces, in which there is an abode not only for the sovereig…
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resurrection, ever coming into the world and to the Church, and to men as the risen Lord ” (Westcott). And receive (rapadpouas). Here the future tense, will receive. Rev., therefore, much better: [come again and will receive you. The change of tense is intentional, the future pointing to the future personal recept…
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tance to be traversed” (Milligan and Moulton). All along the course to the Father’s house they are still with Him. The truth. As being the perfect revelation of God the Father: combining in Himself and manifesting all divine read- ity, whether in the beeng, the law, or the character of God. He embodies what men ou…
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verity of His being,” is attained. This latter knowledge is bet- ter expressed by of3a. See on iv. 21. Have seen. See oni. 18. 9. Have I been (ecu). Lit., am J. Known (éyvaxds). Come to know. Sayest thou (od). Emphatic. Zhow who didst say, “We have found him of whom Moses in the law and the prophets did write” (…
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dispensation of the Spirit. This work was of a higher nature than mere bodily cures. Godet truthfully says: “That which was done by St. Peter at Pentecost, by St. Paul all over the world, that which is effected by an ordinary preacher, a single believer, by bringing the Spirit into the heart, could not be done by …
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who ts called to another's side to aid him, as an advocate in a court of justice. The later, Hellenistic use of rapaxaneiv and mapdkdnos, to denote the act of consoling and consolation, gave rise to the rendering Comforter, which is given in every instance in the Gospel, but is changed to advocate in 1 John ii. 1, …
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presence ; im you (€v), as an indwelling personal energy, at the springs of the life. 17. The Spirit of Truth. “A most exquisite title,” says Bengel. The Spirit, who has the truth, reveals it, by knowl- edge in the understanding; confers it by practical proof and taste in the will; testifies of it to others also t…
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Will manifest (¢u¢avicw). Properly, of manifestation to the sight, as distinguished from 6yA0w, to make evident to the mind (1 Oor. iii. 13; Col. i. 8, etc.). A clear, conspicuous mani- festation is indicated. Compare ye see me (ver.19). “It con- veys more than the disclosing of an undiscovered presence (amroxadvr…
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tle, distinctively of our Lord. See 1 John ii. 6; iii. 3, 5, 7, 16; iv. 17 | have said (ezzrov). The aorist tense, Z sazd. 27. Peace. “These are last words, as of one who is about to go away and says ‘good-night’ or gives his blessing ” (Luther). Peace / was the ordinary oriental greeting at part- ing. Compare xx…
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that the world may know—and even as the Father, etc. Others, again, take the opening phrase as elliptical, supplying either, he cometh, i.e., Satan, in order that the world may know—and that as the Father, ete.; or, J surrender myself to suffering and death that the world may know, etc. In this case, Arise, etc., …
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1. The true vine (7 durredos 17) GAnSwh). Lit., the vine, the true (vine). True, genwine, answering to the perfect ideal. See oni. 9. The vine was a symbol of the ancient church. See the passages cited above, and Hosea x.1; Matt. xxi. 33; Luke xiii. 6. Husbandman (yewpyos). From yf, the earth, and épye, to work. …
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Is withered (€&npavIn). The aorist, as in was cast forth. Wyc., shall wax dry. Men gather. Or, as Rev., they gather. Indefinite. Com- pare Isa. xxvii. 115 Ezek. xv. 5. ". Ye shall ask (airnoecde). The best texts read the im- perative, airjaacte, ask.* Shall be done unto you (yevjceras dpiv). Lit., 2 shall come t…
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nor the love of Christ for the disciple, but the Christ-principle of love which includes both. See the same form of expression in the joy that is mine, ver. 11; iii. 29; xvii. 185 the yudgment (v. 30; viii. 16); the commandments (xiv. 15); peace (xiv. 27). 11. My joy. The joy that is mine; characteristic of me. Se…
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Lay down his life. See on x. 11. 14. command (évré\Xopar). Of several words for com- mand in the New Testament, this one is always used of giving a specific injunction or precept. The kindred noun, évtonm, means an order, a charge, a precept, and hence is used of a separate precept of the law as distinguished from…
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That whatsoever, etc. (#a). Co-ordinated with the preced- ing iva, that, as marking another result of their choice and ap- pointment by Christ. He has appointed them that they should bring forth fruit, and ¢had they should obtain such answers to their prayer as would make them fruitful. 17. That (iva). All my teac…
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44, for men pursuing you. Sir Thomas More (“ Utopia ”’), “ Whiles their enemies rejoicing in the victory have persecuted (i.e., pursued) them.” 21. For my name’s sake (Sia 7d dvoud pov). Lit., on ae- count of my name. The name of Christ represented the faith, the attitude, the claims, and the aim of the disciples.…
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2. They shall put you out of the synagogues. See on ix. 22. Yea (adn). Lit., but. They shall excommunicate you, but worse than this, the hour cometh, etc. The hour cometh that (iva). Lit., “there cometh an hour order that.’ The hour is ordained with that end in view: it comes fraught with the fulfilment of a divi…
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reading of the Rec. Text, is, strictly, whatsoever things he may have heard. Will shew (dvayyere?). Better, as Rev., declare. Compare Mark v. 14,19; Acts xx.27; 2 Cor. vii. 7. Also to rehearse ; Acts xiv. 27. Used of the formal proclamation of the Chris- tian religion (Acts xx. 20; 1 Pet. i. 12; 1 Johni. 5). See o…
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21. A woman (7) yuv7). Lit., the woman. The generic article marking the woman as representing her sex: woman as such. She is in travail. A common Old Testament image of sor- row issuing in joy. See Isa. xxi. 3; xxvi. 17; lxvi. 7; Hos. xiii. 13; Mic. iv. 9, 10. The anguish (ris IrApews). Commonly rendered afflicti…
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familiar terms. See on xi. 22. Another verb for ask occurs in the following sentence: “If ye shall ask (aitnoTnte) any- thing,” ete. Here the sense is, of ye shall make any request. Compare Matt. v. 42; vil. 7, 9, 10, ete. Note, also, that this word for asking the Father marks the asking of an inferior from a supe…
283 wordsSECTION 235Chapter Xvii.
27. Loveth (p:Aez). As sons, with the love of natural affec- tion. See on v. 20. The same verb in the following clause, of the love of the disciples for Christ. From God. Some editors read, from the Father. Tapa, From beside. 28. From the Father (rapa). The best texts read, éx, owt of. Go (ropevoua:). See on ver…
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Said. John nowhere says that Jesus prayed, as the other Evangelists do. Thy Son—thy Son (cod rév vidv—o vids). Properly, thy Son—the Son. The second phrase marks a change from the thought of personal relationship to that of the relation in which Jesus manifests the Father’s glory. 2. Power (éfovciav). Rev., right…
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Leave knowledge and revert to how it sprung ? Thou hast it ; use it, and forthwith, or die. For this I say is death, and the sole death, When a man’s loss comes to him from his gain, Darkness from light, from knowledge ignorance, And lack of love from love made manifest.” Robert Browning, ‘‘ A Death in the Desert…
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10. All mine (7a éua wavra). All things that are mine. So Rev. 11. | come (épxouar). Iam coming. Spoken of His de- parture to the Father. Holy (aye). See on saints, Acts xxvi. 10; also on 1 Pet. 1.15. Compare 1 John ii. 20, and. righteous Father (dicate), ver. 25. This epithet, now first applied to the Father, co…
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17. Sanctify (dy/acov). Constantly used in the Septuagint to express the entire dedication and consecration of both per- sons and things to God. See Exod. xxix. 1, 36; xl. 13; Lev. xxii. 2, 8. Rev., in margin, consecrate. See on x. 36. Through thy truth (év 7 dAnIeiq cov). The best texts omit thy. Through (év) is …
575 wordsSECTION 240Semane.
city (2 Kings xxiii. 6). In the vision of Ezekiel (xlvii. 5, 6, 7) he goes round to the eastern gate of the temple, overhanging the defile of Kidron, and sees the waters rushing down into the valley until the stream becomes a mighty river. A garden. Neither John nor Luke give the name Geth- 9-12. Compare Matt. xxv…
485 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1887); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.