Autii>as does not occ«r In the list* of the 70 disciples (Pseud. -Dorotheus, Solomon of Brtsra), but Andrcaa find Aretiias, the conimentatore on the Auot^alypse, speak of lia\ ing read the acts of hie martyrdom- These are to he found in the Acta Sanctorum, April 11 (April, torn. ii. pp. 2, 4, an<I 9(i7). They are rlietorieal and lato in th«ir present form, and ^ive no par- ticulars of the saint's life They represent him aa being cast into a heated brazen bull <fi the temple of Artemis, by order of a nameless governor dunniy Domitian's persecution. He was apparently Bishop of I'ergamum. According to one form of his Acts (quoted by the Bollandists from a Sj/naxarion), he prayed that those suffering from vjothache might be relieved at hia tomb. The bull in whicp he suffered was shown at Con- stantinople (CedrenuH, 500, -<i. Par.). In the Ethiopia calendar hia day is the lUth of Miyazui. J^J, K, jAMfiS.
ANTIPATER {'AvTlTa-oos).—A., son of Jason, was one of two ambassadorn sent by Jonathan to the Romans and to tlie Spartans to renew ' the friend- ship and the confederacy' [I Mac 12"' 14~).
J. A. Selbib.
ANTIPATRI3 CA^-ZTroT/xO, Ac 23".— A city at the foot of the Juda.>an hills, on the road from Jerusalem to Ca\sarea : founded by Herod the Great. The various notices of its position, in relation to places near, are fully explained by placing this city at the large ruined mound above the source of the 'Auiah River, north-east of Julia. This site is now called M&s el 'Ain, ' the si)ring-head ' ; the Greek name baring, as is usual in Palestine, been lost. The ruins include the shell of a large medi- ajval castle, which is jirobalily that called Mirabel in the 12th cent. I'or a full discussion of this question, see SIVP vol. ii. sheet xiii. Jo.sephus has been wrongly supposed to place Antipatris at Caphar Saba, farther north (Ant. XIII. xv. 1, XVI. V. 2 ; yyars, I. xxi. 9). 0. R. CONDER.
ANUB (3)iv).— A man of Judah (1 Ch 4«). See Genealogy.
ANVIL (ci'5, a stroke, blow). — The word occurs with this meaning only in Is 41'. The anvil of the East is a boot-shaped piece of metal inserted in a section of oak or walnut log. Larger or smaller, it is used by tinsmiths, shoemakers, silver- smiths, and blacksmiths. The description of the metal worker in Is 4 1"-' is one that miglit have been taken from the Arab workshop of the present day. As the Oriental artisan has only a few sinijile tools at liis command, his work lacks the precision and uniformitv attained in tlie West by elaborate machinery. llt'nce vivacious comment during the process of manufacture, and a feeling of triumph at times when the article turns out according to sample. The act of welding on the anvil, to which the prophet alludes, is esp. a momeut of noisy
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APHEK
entluisiasm and mutual encouragement between the smith and his fellow-workman on the other side of the anvil. They then call out to each otlier to strike more rapidly and vigorously, before the metal cools, crying 'shidd\ shield'', the Arabic equivalent of Isaiah's 'hazah'l 'be of good courage ! Then the term applied to the soldering — 'tob' '. Arab. 'Cai/i/ib' ! that is, 'good' ! — is at once a call to cease from further hammering, and a declaration that the work ia satisfactory.
G. M. Mackib. ANY.— 1. Being probably composed of an one, and dim. ending y (old Eng. ig), 'any' means 'one at all,' 'one of whatever kind.' Of this orig. meaning good examples are Ps 4' ' Who will show us any good ? ' 2 P 3" ' not willing that any should perish.' 2. Any is not now used in the sin", with- out 'one,' 'more,' or the like, but we find Jer 23-^ ' Can any hide himself in secret places that I shall not see him ? ' Ezk 7'' ' neither shall any strengthen himself ; so Zee 13', Jn 2^ etc. 3. Any thing as an adverb='at all,' 'in any respect,' is found 2Ch9*''it (silver) was not any thing (RV 'was nothing ') accounted of ' ; Gal 5' ' neit lier circum- cision availeth any thing' (RV 'anything'); Nu 17" 'Whosoever cometh any thing near unto the tabernacle of the Lord shall die' (RV ' Every one that cometh near, that cometh near unto the tab. of the Lord, dieth'); and even (Ac 25*) 'neither . . . have I ofl'ended any thing at all' (RV 'have I sinned at all'). 4. Any ways = in any respect, mod. ' anywise,' occurs Lv 20^ ' if the people ot the land do any ways hide their eyes from the man ' ; Nu 30" ' if he shall any ways make them void ' (RV ' if he shall make them null and void ') ; 2 Ch 32'^ Cf. Pr. Bk. 'All those who are any ways afflicted.' J. Hastings.
APACE. — 'Apace' meant first of all 'at a foot pace,' i.e. slowly. But before 1611 it had acquired the opp. meaning, 'at a quick pace,' and in that sense only is it used in AV. It occurs 2 S IS'" 'And he came a.' (iiiSn tiVi) ; Ps 68" 'Kings of armies did flee a.' (pYT pir, KV ' flee, they flee') ; Jer 46° ' their mighty ones . . . are fled a.' Also in Ps 5S«, Pr. Bk. (and RV, v.') ' like water that runneth a.' ; and Sir 43'' ' He maketh the snow to fall a.' {KaHffrevffe xi-l""^)- Cf. Ps in Metre 92'—