Antonio, Augustine, of Saragossa, in Aragon, son of the vice-chancellor of that kingdom ; studied at Salamanca, whence he passed into Italy, and made himself master of law, ecclesiastical history, languages, etc. At twenty-five years of age he published Emen- ditiones et Opiniones Juris CivUis. Paul III made him auditor of the Rota; and Julius, his successor, sent him as legate into England when Philip of Spain went there to marry Queen Mar}*. He was made succes- sively bishop of Alifa in 1556, and Lerida in 1561, and lastly, in 1576, archbishop of Tarragona, which digni- ty he held till his death in 1586. Baluze has given a list of his works at the end of his Treatise on the Cor- rection of Gratian, which is the most considerable of his writings. — Dupin, Hist, of Eccl. Writers, iii, 743; Landon, Eccles. Diet. s. v.
Antonio, Juan, a Franciscan of Salamanca, ex- definitor and ex-guardian of the Franciscan Discal- ceats of St. Paul, also censor of the supreme tribunal of the Inquisition, and general historian of the entire order of Franciscans. He wrote Bibliotheca Minorum Discalceatorum (Salaman. 1723, 4to) : — Chronicas dz Franciscanos delta Procincia de S. Paulo en Castilla (torn, i, Salaman. 1727 ; torn, ii, Madrid, 1729, fol.) :— Bibliotheca Universa Franciscana (3 torn. Mad. 1732). — Richard and Giraud, Biblioth. S.icree, cited by Lan- don, s. v.
Antonio of Cordova, an Observantine monk of the order of St. Francis, who was looked upon in his time as an oracle in theology. He refused the bish- opric of Placenza, which was offered to him, and died at Guadalaxara, in New Castile, in 1578, aged ninety- three. Among his works are De Potestate Papce (Ven- ice, 1579, fol.) ; Coram, in Reyul. S. Erancisci (Paris, 1621, 8vo); Qucestiones 4 d<> Detractione, etc. (Alcala, 1553) ; Qucestionarium Theologicum lib. v (Venice, 1604, fol.); Commentaria in 4 libros Magistri Sent.; De In- du'gentiis (Alcala, 1554) ; De C'onceptione B. Virginis. — Landon, Eccl. Diet. s. v.
Antonio of Santa Maria, a Franciscan monk and missionary, born at Placentia, Spain, about 1610. He went as missionary to the Philippine Islands, where he taught theology in the monastery of the Dis- calceats. In 1633 he went to China, and was made superior of the missionaries of his order in that coun- try. For thirty-seven years he labored with great zeal, suffering chains and imprisonment. He preach- ed first in the province of Fokien, then at Nankin, and lastly in Xantung, where he founded a church. He
died in 1670. Among the works which he has left may be mentioned Relatio Sinensium Sectarum ; Da Controversia Primogenitonun Defunctorum ; Confucii Cultus; An Apology for Christianity, in Chinese ; A work in. Spanish on the. Chinese rites (translated into French by the Board of Foreign Missions, and printed at Par- is, 1701); A Catechism, in Chinese (Canton, 1660) ; An Apology for the Dominican and Franciscan Missionaries in China ; History of the Venerable Brother Gabriel, of Madelaina, and the Seven Discalceat Franciscans, mar- tyred in Japan ; De modo Evan gelt sandi regnum Dei in Sinico imperio ; Tractatus de Sinarum Conversione ; Re- lationes 5 de Conversatione, Progressibus, ac Fructibus Mksionariorum discalceatorum in Sinensium imperio ; and many other works, chiefly relating to the Chinese missions. — Landon, Eccl. Diet. s. v.
Antonio of the Holy Spirit, a Portuguese monk, of the order of Barefooted Carmelites, and a famous theologian and preacher, who died bi:»hop of Angola, in Upper Ethiopia, in 1667. He left many treatises, printed at Lyons, in five vols. fol. — Richard and Giraud, Biblioth. Sacree, cited by Landon, s. v.
Antonius (a frequent Roman name), the name of several men in Josephus. See also Antony.
1. Lucius, third son of Marcus Antonius Creticus, and younger brother of Marc Antony, became tribune in B.C. 44, and consul in B.C. 41. Upon the death of Julius Cajsar, he actively supported his brother's cause as triumvir (Dion Cass, xlviii, 5) ; but in the issue he was besieged in Perusia, and forced to surrender, B.C. 40. He was shortly afterward appointed to the com- mand of Iberia, after which we hear no more of him (Smith, Diet, of Class. Biog. s. v. Antonius, 14). Cice- ro describes him as infamous (Phil, iii, 12; v, 7, 11; xii, 8, etc.), but with exaggeration (Drumann, Gesch. Roms, p. 527). His decree as "Roman vice-quaastor and vice-praetor" to the Sardians in favor of the Jews is recited by Josephus (Ant. xiv, 10, 17).
Coin with the heads of Lucius and Marc Antony.
2. Marcus (surnamed Primus), a native of Tolosa, in Gaul, received in his boyhood the epithet of BeJco, i. e. in Gallic a cock's beak (Suetonius, Vitell. 18 ; Mar- tial, ix, 10). He afterward went to Rome, and rose to the dignity of senator ; but, having been degraded for forgery, he was banished (Tacit. Ann. xiv, 40). After the death of Nero (A.D 68), he was restored to his for- mer rank by Galba, and appointed to the command of the seventh legion in Pannonia. AVhen the for- tunes of Vitellius began to fail (A.D. 68), Antonius was one of the first generals of Europe to declare in favor of Vespasian, to whom he subsequently rendered the most important military services (Smith's Did. of Class. Biog. s. v. Primus). His dispossession of the forces of Vitellius from Rome is related by Josephus (War, iv, 11, 2 and 3). His haughty behavior in con- sequence, however, appears thenceforth to have left him in comparative obscurity (Tacit. Hist, ii, 86 ; Dio Cass, lxv, 9-18).