A'nub (Heb. Anub', tVliS, bound together ; Sept. 'Ewiu/3 v. r. 'Evw/3), the first named of the two or three sons of Coz of the tribe of Judah (1 Chron. iv, 8). B.C. post 1618.
Anubis ("Avoufiig, derivation unknown), the name of an Egyptian deity, who had a temple in Home, where Mundus, Im- personating the god, through the con- trivance of a freed-woman and the col- lusion of the priests, secured the grati- fication of his passion for Paulina, a chaste matron (Josephus, Ant. xviii, 3, 3). His worship in Egypt is referred to By Herodotus (ii, 66), and was widely disseminated during the Roman Em- pire (Appian, Bell. Civ. iv, 47 ; Apul. Met. xi, 262 ; Lamprid. Commod. 9 ; Spartian, Pescenn. Nig. 6 ; Anion. Ca- rac. 9). He appears to have been adored under the figure of a dog-head- ed man, a myth of which the ancients give various interpretations (see Smith's Image of Anu- Dict. of Class. Antiq. s. v.). In the bis-
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temples of Egypt he is represented as the guard of other gods, particularly the attendant of Osiris and Isis, occupying, in accordance with the form under which he is symbolized, the space in front of the tem- ple (Strabo, xvii, p. 805 ; Stat. Sylv. iii, 2, 12). For his rites, see Jablonsky, Panth. sEg. v, 1, § 12 etc. ; Champollion (Le Jeune), Pantheon Egypt. (Par. 1823) ; Pritchard, Egyptian Mythology. See Nibhaz.
A'nus CAvviovS v. r. 'Avvovc), one of the Levites who expounded the law read by Ezra (1 Esdr. ix, 48) ; evidently the Bani of the genuine text (Neh. viii, 7). Anvil (E??! Pa'- am, so called from be- ing beaten, Isa. xli, 7 ; elsewhere a "step," "corner," "time," etc. ; dic/uov, Ecclus. xxxviii, 28), the uten- sil employed apparent- ly among the Hebrews, as with other na- tions, by blacksmiths for hammering upon. See Metal; Smith; Iron.
Apa'rae (Aira/.tr], appar. from ct—apdw, to cut off), the name
Vulcan forging a Thunder- bolt, given in the Apocry- From an antique Roman Gem. ua , -^ Esdr. iv 29) and by Josephus (Ant. xi, 0, 5) as that of a con- cubine of Darius (Hystaspis), of whom he was very fond, being the daughter of one of his nobles (Babsa- ses [? Eab-saris] Themasius, or "the admirable Bar- tacus"). Apama was the name of the wives of sev- eral of the Seleucid kings (see Smith's Diet, of Class. Biog. s. v.), but none of this name are assigned in his- tory to Darius.
Apamea ( ''Att apsia, so called from Apame, q. v.), the name of several cities of antiquity (see Smith's Diet, of Class. Geog. s. v.), none of which are men- tioned in Scripture, though two of them are of inter- est in sacred literature.
1. Apamea of Syria, a large city in the valley of the Orontes, and capital of the province of Apa- mene (Steph. Byz. s. v. ; Ptol. v, 15, § 19 ; Festus Avienus, v, 1083; Anton. Itin.). It was fortified and enlarged by Seleucus Nicator, who named it after his wife Apama (not his mother, see Strabo, xvi, p. 752), although it also bore the Greek name Pella. The fortress was placed on a hill, the windings of the Orontes giving it a peninsular form ; hence its other name, the Chersonese (Xepponiaoc). Seleucus had a large commissariat there for his cavalry, and the pre- tender Trypho made it the basis of his operations. Josephus relates (Ant. xiv, 3, 2) that Pompey, in marching south from his winter quarters, probably at or near Antioch, razed Apamea. In the revolt of Syr- ia under Bassus it held out for three years, until the arrival of Cassius, B.C. 4G (Dio Cass", xlvii, 2(5-28 ; Joseph. War, i, 10, 10). During the Crusades it was a flourishing and important place under the Ara- bic name of Famieh, and was occupied by Tancred (Wilken, Gesch. d. Krevzz. ii, 474 ; Abulfeda^ Tab. Syr. p. 114, 157). Niebuhr heard that the site was now called Kula/ ed-Mudik (I'eise, iii, 97), and Burckhardt found a castle of this name not far from the lake El- Takah, which he fixes as the location of Apamea (Trar. p. 138). The enormous and highly ornament- al ruins still standing are probably remains of the temples of which Sozomen speaks (vii, 15) ; besides the castle on the hill, a part of the town is found in the plain. The adjacent lake is full of the celebrated black fish.
2. Apamea Cip.otus(//Ki/3(->7oc), a town of Phryg- fii, built near Cela3iia3 by Antiochus Soter, and named
after his mother Apama. Strabo says it lay at the head of the Marsyas, which ran through the town to join the Majander (Groskurd, Strabo, ii, 531), form- ing the Catarrhactes described by Herodotus (vii, 26). The site has been fixed at the modern Denair (Arun- dell, Discoveries, i, 201), corresponding to the ancient descriptions (Hamilton, Researches, ii, 499), which have been collected by Leake (Asia Minor, p. 156 sq.). Notwithstanding its frequent earthquakes, Apamea continued to flourish during the Roman Empire, and its bishops are recorded in the early Christian coun- cils, the Gospel having probably been introduced there by Paul during his visits through Phrygia (q. v.).
The epithet Cibotus has been conjectured to have been derived from the fact that the city was the empo- rium of the region (see Pliny, v, 29), for KtfiuiToc signifies a chest or coffer; but, according to others, it is connected with the position of Noah's ark after the Flood, a hypothesis which, however untenable on gen- eral grounds, is supported by some singular coinci- dences. The Sibylline verses place the mountains of Ararat, where the ark rested, on the confines of Phryg- ia, at the sources of the Marsyas. On a medal struck in honor of Hadrian is the figure of a man, represent- ing the river Marsyas, with this inscription, AnA- MEQN KIB12TOS MAP22IA— a medal of the Apa- means — the ark and the river Marsyas. That this was one of the commemorative notices of the ark and of the Deluge there is little doubt ; but only in the sense that traditionary memorials of the ark were here very ancient. There are several other medals of Apamea extant, on which are represented an ark, with a man in it receiving the dove, which is flying to him ; and part of their inscription is the word noe ; but either this should be read neo, an abridgment of "Neoko- ron," or it is the end of a word, AnAM EQN, or (some of) the medals are spurious, which has been suspect-