3. A captain of the Roman garrison at Ascalon, at- tacked by the Jews in the beginning of the final strug- gle (Joseph. War, iii, 2, 1). It is uncertain whether he was the same with the centurion who lost his life during the siege of Jotapata by the treachery of one of the Jews who had fled into the neighboring caves (ib. iii, 7, 35).
Antonius, St. See Anthony. Antonius De Dominis. See Dominis. Antonius De Rosellis. See Anthony. Antonius of Padua. See Anthony.
ANTONIUS
284
ANUBIS
Antonius, Orders of. See Anthony, St., Or- ders of.
Antonius, a martyr of the 14th century, who, with his brother, abandoned Paganism for Christianity in Lithuania. The grand-duke Olgar made vain efforts to induce the brothers to abjure Christianity, and final- ly ordered them to be tortured and hung. They are celebrated as martyrs in the Roman Church April 14. — Acta Sanctorum, April 14; Hocfer, Big. Gene- rale, ii, 823.
Antonius Margarita. See Margarita.
Antonius Melissa, a Greek monk toward the end of the eighth century (?). He made a collection (something after the manner of Stobaeus) of passages from the classics and from the church fathers, ranging the materials under seventy-six titles. It was first printed by Gesner (Zurich, 154G, fid.), and is given also at the end of Stobaeus (Francf. 1581), and also in the Bibliotheca Patrum, t. v. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Ge- nerate, i, 823.
Antonius Nebrissensis. See Anthony of Lebrija.
Antonius or Anton, Paul, a German theologi- an, born at Hirschfeldt in 1GG1. He became professor at Halle, and was for many years the friend and co- laborer of Francke (q. v.) in the revival of religion known as Pietism. He died at Halle in 1730. Among his writings are Be sicris processiimibus genti'iam (Leip- zig, 1684, 4to) : — Concil'd Tridentini doctrina pi/Mica, (Halle, 1697, 8vo, and often) : — Elementa Homiletica (Halle, 1700, 8vo):— other writings of his are named in Walch, Bibliotheca, ii. — Hoefer, Noui: Biog. Gene- rate, ii, 834.
Antony, Marc (properly Marcus Antonius), the triumvir, son of M. Antonius Creticus and Julia, the sister of Julius Cresar, was born apparently B.C. 83, for he was chosen consul as early as B.C. 64. His father dying while he was yet young, and his mother marrying again, he was left in his youth to all sorts of dissipation, and early became distinguished for profligacy, which continually afterward involved him
of Antony, struck at Antioch.
in want and danger. To escape from his creditors, he served in the army in Syria under Gabinius, where he acquired a reputation for intrepidity (Josephus, Ant. xiv, 5, 3; War, i, 8, 5). He took part in the campaigns against Aristobulus in Palestine (B.C. 57, 56 ), and also in the restoration of Ptolemy Auletes to Egypt (in B.C. 55). In the following year he fol- lowed J. Caesar into Gaul, through whose influence he was elected quaestor in B.C. 52, and whose legate he became during the contest with the party of Pom- pey (B.C. 49-47). On the murder of Ctesar, Antony was left in supreme power, but a rival soon appeared in the young Octavianus, with whom, after a defeat in battle, he at length formed the first triumvirate, in connection with Lepidus, the chief in command of the consular troops, B.C. 43, the death of Cicero being one of the terms of the compact. Antony now vigor- ously prosecuted the war against the opponents of the late dictator Caesar, and defeated Brutus and Cassius in a pitched battle at 1'harsalia, B.C. 42. Then, after an interval spent in Koine, he passed over to Asia, in order to procure funds for paying his troops, and in Egypt he became enamored of the famous Cleopatra (q. v.), and, neglecting his affairs in dalliance with her, at last became involved in inextricable reverses, which terminated in the disastrous battle of Actium.
B.C. 31, by which Octavianus became master of Egypt. Antony fled to Alexandria, and when Oc- tavianus appeared before the place, he committed suicide, B.C. 30 (Smith's Diet, of Class. Ant. s. v.). Several of the events in the later part of his career are referred to by Josephus {Ant. xiv, 13, 1 ; War, i, 16, 4), who speaks in detail of his connection with Herod (Ant. xiv, 13-xv, 4), and recites his decrees to various countries in favor of the Jews (Ant. xiv, 10, 9 and 10). See Herod the Great. Plutarch wrote a Life of Antony. See Liddell's Hist, of Rome, p. 674- 729.
Coin of Antony, with Symbols of the worship of Bacchus and Venus.
Antothi'jah (Heb. Anthothiyah' ', T^TTti'Z v. r. n*rnD", answers from Jehovah; Sept. 'AvaSwSia v. r. 'AvaSioS), a descendant of Shashak, a chief Ben- jaminite of Jerusalem (1 Chron. viii, 24). B.C. appar- ently ante 536.
An'tothite, the rendering in the Auth. Vers, in two passages (1 Chron. xi, 28 ; xiii, 3) of the name more property, or at least more analogically, Angli- cized Anathothite, i. e. an inhabitant of Anathoth (q. v.). It is observable that while the city is inva- riably written Anathoth' (SliMS, Josh, xxi, 18; 1 Chron. vi, 60 [45] ; vii, 8 ; Ezra ii, 23 ; Neh. vii, 27 ; x, 19 [20] ; xi, 32 ; Isa. x, 30 ; Jer. i, 1 ; xi, 21, 23 ; xxii, 8 ; with the art., nirOl'il, as a var. read, in Jer. xxii, 7; "defectively," tiriSSj? in 1 Kings ii, 26, as a var. read, in Jer. xxii, 9 ; Sept. 'A wr3-w3 [v. r. Na^wS in 1 Chron. vii, 8]; Vulg. Anathoth, but Anathot in Neh. vii, 27), the derivative is written very various- ly as follows: 2 Sam. xxiii, 27, Heb. Annethothi', ^T\ryj, Sept. 'AvioS'iTriQ, Vulg. de Anathoth, Auth. Vers. " Anethothite ;" 1 Chron. xi, 28, Anthothi' ', TiiriV/AvaSwSi^tiatJiotites, "Antothite;" 1 Chron. xii, 3, Anthothi', ^rrDi", 'Ava&wSi, Anatoth'tes, "An- tothite;" 1 Chron. xxvii, 12, An: 'hothi' ', Vfi'MS [v. r. AntothV, IMFI??], i'i 'AvaSrwB, Anathothites, " Ane- tothite;" Jer. xxix, 27, Annethothi' ', ipriS", t'£ 'Ava- BwB, Anathothites, "of Anathoth."