Bukki'ah (Heb. Bukkiya'hu, lifjsa, wasted by Je- hovah; Sept. BoKKictQ v. r. BovKtac), a Kohathite Le- vite, of the sons of Ilcman, one of the musicians in the Temple, being appointed by David the leader of the sixth band or course in the service, consisting of himself and eleven of his kindred (1 Chron. xxv, 4, 13). B.C. 1014.
Bui (Heb. id. ?"2, for PIS}, rain, from the season of the year ; Sept. Ba«X), the eighth ecclesiastical month of the Jewish year (1 Kings vi, 38), answering in general to October [see Calendar (Jewish)'], and corresponding, according to the rabbins (Rosh Hash- ana, c. 2 ; Tanchum Hieros. in loc), to Marchesvan (q. v.). According to Benfey (Ueb. die Monatsnamen einiger alien Volker, p. 18), it may have derived its name from the worship of Baal (comp. the Sept. ren- dering), as other months appear to have been in like manner consecrated to special deities. See Month.
Bulgaria, a country of European Turkey, named from the Bulgarians, who, in the fifth century, quitting Asiatic Sarmatia, crossed the Danube and settled here, subjugating the Slavic (q.v.) inhabitants, and in proc- ess of time adopting their language. Later Slavic writers claim that the Bulgarians originally belonged to the Slavic family, and the modern Bulgarians claim to be Slavonians. Through the missionary labors of Methodius, brother of Cyril (q. v.), a prince of the coun- try named Bogoris, or Boris, was baptized about A.D. 861, and took the name of Michael ; upon this many of the Bulgarians received the faith. This Michael sent to pope Nicholas I legates, who propounded to the Holy See certain interesting questions (see Responsa ad Con- s/d/a Bulgarorum, ed. Hardouin, Acta Coneiliorum, v, 353-380), and asked to be supplied with bishops and priests. The pope sent Paul, bishop of Populonia, and Formosus, bishop of Porto, about 8G6. Upon the ground that the Bulgarians had received the episcopal succession from Borne, the popes claimed jurisdiction over the country, but were resisted by the patriarchs of ( Constantinople. King Michael sent ambassadors to Constantinople in 869 to lay the case before the council then sitting for the restoration of Ignatius. The coun- cil decided that Bulgaria by right belonged to the pa- triarchal see of Constantinople. Modern Bulgarian writers claim that the Bulgarian dioceses were only nominally subject to Constantinople, and the author of the book called " Tsarstvennik" gives a complete list of a succession of independent Bulgarian patriarchs.
BULGARIANS
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BULL
"When the schism between East and West was confirm- ed, the Bulgarians remained in communion with Con- stantinople. They were finally subjugated by the Turks in 1491. In 1707 the sultan, Bajazet II, instigated, it is said, by the Greek patriarch, put to death many Bul- garian nobles, and placed the Bulgarian churches un- der the exclusive control of the Greek patriarch. The persistent policy of the Greek clergy in attempting to denationalize the Bulgarian people, suppressing their language and literature, etc., finally brought about a concerted action for the restoration of the Bulgarian hierarchy. The contest has not yet been settled. The Bulgarians have repeatedly complained of the extor- tions of the Greek clergy, and prayed for the appoint- ment of a national patriarch independent of Constan- tinople. The Ottoman government, refusing to admit national distinctions among its subject races, refused to grant the request ; ami when, in 1860, the Greek patri- arch excommunicated Ilarion (Hilary), the Bulgarian bishop of Balat, Constantinople, for insubordination, the Turkish government sent the bishop into exile. Strenuous exertions have been made by the Church of Rome to induce the Bulgarians to unite with them, and in 1861 an organization was effected, styled "The United Bulgarian Church," acknowledging the su- premacy of the pope, but retaining the Slavic liturgy, and Bulgarian usages as to divine service, married priests, etc. A Bulgarian monk, named Joseph Sokol- skyr, was consecrated by the pope as the patriarch of the new organization. After a few months he desert- ed them, followed by several priests, and the move- ment was thereby retarded.
Protestant missions to the Bulgarians were com- menced in 1857 by the Methodist Episcopal Church and by the American Board. In 18G7 the former had two missionaries at Constantinople and Tultcha ; the latter had five, at Constantinople, Sophia, Eski Zagra, and Philippopolis, in the last two places having schools. Several editions of the New Testament in Bulgarian have been published by the British and Foreign Bible Society, and at least fifteen thousand copies have been sold within a few years. A new version, prepared by the missionaries of both Boards at the expense of the British and Foreign Bible Society, was. published at Constantinople in 1866, and was electrotyped in paral- lel pages with the Slavic version at the Bible House in New York by the American Bible Society in 1867.
Danubian Bulgaria in 1865 was formed into one province- called Tuna Eyaleti, under the jurisdiction of a governor general, who resides at Rustchnk. The Bulgarians are estimated to number about 6,000,000, of whom about 4,500,000 live in European Turkey.— Schem's Year-book, 1868 ; Reports of A.R. C. F. M. i Reports of the Miss. <S'»<\ of the Meth. Epis. Church; Hilferding, Geschichte tier Serben und Buljaren; Scha- farik, Slavische Alterthiimer.
Bulgarians, a name given to the Cathari, Albi- genses, Petrobrussians, and other sects of the Middle Ages, because their origin was supposed traceable to Bulgaria. See the several titles.