Carriage. Vehicles answering to this term in modera usage were not known to the andents. See Cabt. In the English Bible this word stands, there- fore, as the incongraous rendering of several totaD j different terms. In 1 Sam. zvii, 20, the Hebrew word nbl^Q, magalah', rendered "trench" in our version, and ** place of the carriage" in the margin, probaUy signifies a wagon-rampari, a bulwark formed of the wagons and other vehicles of the army (1 Sam. xxvi, 5, 7). In Judg. xviii, 21, the original is Mn^n^, keim- dah\ and means wealtX^ i. e. booty. In Isa. xlvi, 1, '* carriage" stands for MK^iSp, nesuah', a load for a beast of burden. In 1 Sam. xvil, 22, tlie word ^h^j keU% "carriage," properly means in^ptemenis, eqm^ ments; and in Isa. z, 28, implements of war. In Acta xxi, 15, the phrase, "we took up our carriages" (<hro- (TKcvo^ofuu), siiould be, "we packed up our baggage." See Waoon.
Carridres, Louis db, bora at ClnviU, near An- gers, in 1662, was first a soldier, but in 1689 entered the congregation of the Oratory. He died at Paris June 11, 1717. He b chiefly known tiy his Commen- taire UtUral^ or "Literal Commentary" on the whole Bible, which is so managed that his comments are in- troduced into the text (translated) in italic characters. They are for the most part in the words of holy Scrip- ture itself, which is thus made to be its own interpret- er. This work, which was carried through at the re- quest of Bossuet, was completed in twenty-four 12mo volumes (1701 to 1716). It has since gone through many edhions, and is mi^ch used. It is the only French version authorized in ltalj,~-Biogrttpkie Urn- verselle, vii, 219.
Carroll, Daniel Lynn, D.D., a Presbyterian minister, was bora in Fayette county. Pa., May 10, 1797, and graduated at Jefferson CoUege, 1828. Hav- ing completed his theological course at Princeton, he was licensed in 1826, and supplied the churches of Shrewsbury and Middletown Point Thenoe, after a brief sojoura at Princeion and Newburyport, he re- moved to Litchfield, Conn., where he was installed in 1827. He supplied the First Presbyterian Chuix^ Brooklyn, in 1829, but his health soon obliged him to resign, and in 1885 he was appointed to the presidency of Hampden Sidney CoUege, Va., which he held for three years. On retiring he took charge of the Firrt Presbyterian Chureh in the Northera Litierties of Phil- adelphia, and subsequently became secretary of the Colonization Society of the state of New York till 1845, when he was obliged to give up all active service.
CARROLL
131
CART
He died Not. 28, 1851. He published iSsrmoM (1846- 7, 2 Tols. 12mo), besides detached sermons and ad- dresses.— Spragne, Annaitf ir, 697.
Carroll, John, D.D., first Roman Cktiiolic arch- bishop in the United States, was bom at Upper Marl- borough, Ifaryland, in 1784. He was educated at St. Omer's, France, and at the colleges of Liege and Bru- ges, in Belgium. In 1769 he was ordamed priest, and became a Jesuit. When the order was dissolyed in France he went to England, and became tutor to a son of Lord Stonrton, with whom he travelled on the Continent. On the breaking out of the Revolutionary War he returned to America, and took an active part on the side of the patriots. Ailerthe close of the war, the Roman CathoUc clergy in tho United States re- quested from the pope the establishment of a hierar- chy, and Mr. Carroll was appointed vice-general. He fixed his residence at Baltimore. In 1789 he was named bishop, and in the ensuing year was consecra- ted. In 1791 he assumed the title of bishop of Balti- more. A few years before his death he was made archbishop. He died Dec. 8, 1815.
Canhe'na (Heb. Kartkena\ K3^7^, probably of Peruan derivation ; comp. mod. Fen^Ktxnken^ "spoil- er,** or Zend JTerema, Sanscr. Kreshmi, ** black;*' Sept has but three names, of which the first is 'Apcc- raloc; Vulg. Chartend)^ the first named of the seven ** princes*' or chief emirs at the court of Xerxes (Ahas- neros) when Vashti refused to present herself at the xoval banquet (Esth. i, 14). B.C. 488.
CarBon, Alexahder, LL.D., a Baptist minister, was bom in Scotland about 1776, but early removed to Ireland. He began his public life at Tubbermore as a mmister in connection with the Presbyterian Synod of Ulster, but having changed his opinions as to Church goTemment, and adopted the views of the Independ- ents, he seceded in 1808. Embracing Independent Bap- tist views, he formed a society at Tubbermore, of which he remained pastor to theltime of his death. He wrote, in 1808, his Eecuoma fir separating from the Synod of Ultter; and afterward produced numerous books and pamphlets — on baptism and other subjects of contro- Tersj— which are highly esteemed by the Baptists.- Though a strenuous advocate of immersion, he was not a "dose** oommunionist. After many years of incessant activity, pastoral and literary, he died at Belfiut, Aug. 24, 1844, from the effects of a sudden fall into tlie Mersey at Liverpool a few days before. Dr. Carson was an earnest and often bitter controversial ist His dogmatism and arrogance detract greatly from the eflTect of his arguments. He is often right, often wrong; but, whether right or wrong, he b equally self-confident. Besides a number of pamphlets, re- views, etc, he published The God of Providence the God of the Bible (18mo) i—Thwriee qf Inspiration (18mo) :— Tk Knowledge of Jesus (18mo):— 7*Ae Unitarian Mys- tery (8vo) '.—Examination of the Principles of Biblical Interpretation of Emestij Stuart, Ammon, etc.:— a Trtdise on Figures of Speech, and a Treatise on the £^ and Duty ofaU men to read the Scriptures (N. T. 1855, 12mo);— ^qpeiim, m iU Mode and Subjects, vith a Sbetch of the Life ofDr, Carson (Phfla. 1867, 6th ed. 9To).--Jamie8on, C)fclopadia of^ography; Reid, J7«- tvryoftkt PreOyterian Church in Ireland, iii, 449.