CONCORDANCE
455
CONCORDANCE
cm EbreeU vocibus retpondenies (Fnncof. 1607, 2 vols. 4to). This work follows the order of the Aebrew wordA, placing the corresponding Greek word after it ; in consequence of which, it is more useftil in consnlt- inc^ the Hebrew than the Greek Scriptores.
2. The best Greek Concordance to the Septuagint Is that which bears the title A. Trommii ConcordaniuB Grwca Vers, vulgo die, LXX Interpre, (Amst. et Traj. ad Bh. 1718, 2 vols. fol.). See Trommb. It follows the order of the Greek words, of which it first gives a Latin translation, and then the Hebrew word or words for which the Greek term is nsed in the Seventy. Then the diffSerent places in which the words occur follow in the order of the several books and chapters. When the word occurs in any of the Greek translators, Aqnila, Symmachns, or Theodotion, the places where it IB found are referred to at the end of the quotations fkom the Sept. The words of the ApocrTpha are placed at the end of each enumeration. There are two indices at the end of the work : one Hebrew and Chal- daic, by examining which the Greek term used in the Septoagint for any Hebrew or Chaldee word is seen at once, with the Latin version and the place where it is found in the concordance, so that Tromme serves in a measnre for a Hebrew concordance ; the other index contains a lexicon to the Hexapla of Origen, and com- prehends the Greek words in the fhigments of the old Greek translatcnrs published by Montfaucon.
(V) To ike New TestamerU.—l, The first Greek con- cordance to the New Testament, now exceedingly Tare, is entitled Xysti Betuleii Concordanike Qrceooe Novi Testammti (Basil. 1546, fol.). The author's real nanxe was Birck.
2. A concordance to the Greek New Testament, pro- jected and partly executed by Bobert Stephens, and completed and published by his son Henry (Genev. 1594, and with a supplement, 1600, fol.), is too inao- cnrate to merit more than a passing notice.
8. Of much value is Eiasmi Schmidii Novi Tetta- menti J, C. Graci; hoc ett^ originaUt Ungua rofueiov (Vitemb. 1638, fol. ; revised ed. Gotha, 1717, fol. ; also Glasg. 1819, 2 vols. 8vo ; recently by the Messrs. Bag- ater of London, in a thin, flat pocket volume, and in another form, ^mo, being one of their " Polymtcriiui
aeries**).
4. J. Williams, Concordance to the Greek Testament (Lond. 1767, 4to), a yrotk especially useful to the mere English reader.
5. A new and very superior edition of Schmid's rafutiov has been put forth by C. H. Bruder, Concor- dantia (Leipz. 1842, 4to). Among the advantages of this edition, let it suffice to specify, 1. Fulness, accu- racy, and correspondence with Griesbach's edition; 2. Regard has been paid to the editions of Lachmann and Scholz ; all the readings of the Elzevirs, Mill, Bengel, Knapp, Tittmann, Scholz, and also of Eras- mus, Robert Stephens's third edition, and of Schmid himself, are either given or pointed out. The student is presented also with a selection of readings fh>m the most ancient MSS.,flrom the interpreters of Scripture who lived in the earlier ages of the Church, and the works of the ecclesiastical fathers : no various reading possessing critical value is omitted.
6. One of the most valuable aids for the general study of the New Testament which modem times have produced is The EngUtknum'e Greek Concordance of the New Tettameni, being an attempt at a Verbal Connection between tiie Greek and the English Texts ^nd. 1839, 8yo). The woric, which is carefully com- piled, takes Schmid as its basis. The plan is the same as that of the ** Englishman's Hebrew Concordance" above, and it is by the same editor. It has been re- published in this country (N. T. 1848, 8vo).
HI. Latin Concordances.—^, Antony of Padua (bom AD. 1195, died 1231) is said to have produced tiie first work of the kind, entitled ConcordanHoB Morales, which was formed ih»m the Vulgate translation.
2. Hugo de Santo Caro, better known as Cardhial Hugo, a Dominican monk, who died about 1262, fol- lowed Antony in 1244, by compiling for the Vulgate a concordance of the Scriptures. Having given him- self sedulously to the study of Holy Writ, with a view of writing a commentary thereon, he was, in order to focUitate his labor, led to project and undertake to form a concordance, calling to his aid his brother monks to the number of no fewer than five hundred. Their labors have been a rich storehouse for subse- quent compilers. The concordance thus made was improved by Conrad of Halberstadt, who fiourished about 1290, and by John of Segovia in the ensuing century.
8. R. Stephens, Concordantia BibHorum vtriusque Tes- tametUi (1556, fol.).
4. After the revision of the Vulgate by Sixtns V, a concordance to it appeared, entitled Concordantia Sacr, Bibi, Vtdgat, edit. F. Luce Bragensis (Antw. 1617 ; Paris, 1683). Most of the Latin concordances are re- prints of this, e. g. by Luca and Phalesti (Vien. 1825, fol.).
5. A new Latin Concordance to the Vulgate, edited by Ducrisson, appeared in Paris in 1838 (4to).
IV. German Concordances. — ^The first German con- i^" oordance was that of Conrad Agricda (Numb. 1609^ fol.), repeatedly reprinted and revised.
2b The most useful is that of F. Lankisch, ConcoT' dani, Bibl. GermanicO'ffebraicO'GrtBoa (Lips. 1677, fol., often reprinted ; best edition that of Reineccius, Lips. 1718). There are several modem German concord- ances, the most noteworthy of which is