Schroder, Johaun Heinrich, a Lutheran min- ister of Germany, was born in 1066 at Ilallerspringe, in the principality of Calenberg, in Hanover. He was a pupil of the celebrated philanthropist A. II. Francke, and studied under him at Leipsic. In 1696 he became pastor at Merseburg, near Jlagdeburg. He wrote a few hymns which arc still in use in the German Church, and died June 30, 1699. Of his hymns we mention. Kins ist Noth, ach Ilerr dies Eine (transl. by E. Cox, '•One thing needful, then. Lord Jesus," in Ilgmns from the German, p. 216) : — Jesu, hilf siegen, da Fiirst des Le- bens (transl. by Mills, "Jesus, help conquer! thou Prince everliving," in Ilorce Germaniae, p, 126). See Har- nisch, in Evangel. Kirchenzeitung, 1857, No. 89; Koch, Gesch. d. deutsch. Kirchenliedes, iv, 381 sq.; viii, 426 S(j. ; Knapp, Ecangel. Liederschuiz, p. \\\ 14. (B. P.)
Schroder, Nicolau.s Wilhelm, professor of Oriental languages and anti(iuitics at (Jroningen. was born at Marburg, Aug. 22, 1721, and died May 30, 1798. He is known as the author of Comment. Philologico- criticusde I'estitu Mulierum Ebrmarum adJes. Hi, 10-24 (Leyden, 1745). He also published a number of treatises bearing on Oriental languages and certain sections of the Bible, as De Confusione Sermonis JiabeUcu : — De Voto Jephtm : — De Tubernaculo Molochi et Stella Dei Jiemphan, etc. See Fiirst, Bibl. .Jiid. iii, 291 ; Stein- schneider, Bibliog. Ilaiulbiich, p. 128 ; Winer, Ilandbvch der theol. Literatur, (B. P.)
Schubart, Ciikistian Fiukdiiuii Danik.l, a Lu- theran divine of Germany, was Imrn at Obcrsontheim, in tlie county of Liraburg, ^larch 2i>, 1736, and died as
court and theatre poet at Stuttgart, Oct. 10, 1791. He is the author of the beautiful hymn Alles ist eiter ! 0 Worte des ewigen Lebens (transl. into English in Hymns from the Land of Luther, p. 61, "All things are 3ours, O sweet message of mercy divine"), and of Kommt heiit' an euretn Stab (based on Luke ii, 22-32, which Mills translated in his Horw. Germanicce, p. 275, "Ye who with years are sinking"). See Schubart, Gesammelle Schriften (Stuttgart, 1839-40), vol. i-viii; Strauss, Schu- barts I^eben in seinen Briefen (Berlin, 1849, 2 vols.); Koch, Gesch. d, deutsch. Kirchenliedes, vi, 376 sq. ; Knapp, Evangel. Liederschatz, p. 1344. (B. P.)
Schubert, Gottlieb Heinuich aion, a German philosopher and mystic, who for more than half a cen- tury exerted a very extended and beneficent popular influence in almost every field of thought, was born in Saxonj^, April 26, 1780. His parents were pious and pe- culiar. In his fifth year he learned from his mother such a lesson on the death of Christ as remained a benedic- tion to him to his latest hour. He studied at Greiz and Weimar, and at the latter ]ilace was taken into the house of Herder. He also came into contact with Goethe and Jean Paul. In 1799 he began to study theology at Leip- sic, but in 1801 he changed theology for medicine, and went to Jena. Here he came under the personal and scientific influence of Scbelling — an influence that lasted during life — as also under that of the naturalist William Ritter. In 1803 he married, and began the practice of medicine at Altenburg, supplementing his scanty fees by private lessons and other makeshifts. Here he wrote a romance, T)ie Kirche und die Cotter. In 1805 he re- moved to Freiburg, where he began his great work A hn- dungen einer allgemeineti Geschichte des Lebens, in which he endeavored to reduce to uniform laws the whole field of nature and humanity. Scbelling applauded, but manj' shooic their heads in doubt. In 1807 he went to Dres- den and gave some public lectures, from which arose his strange and able work Ansichten von der Nachtseite der Naturivissenschaft. In 1809, by the help of Scbelling, he was made rector of a scientific school at Nuremberg. Here he wrote bis Symbolik des Traumes, also Altes und Neues cms deni Gebiet der innercn Seelenkunde (1815). I'his last work made a great sensation, and occasioned congratu- lations from Harms and Neander, AVorks in the same warmly religious vein are, Erzdhlungen (4 vols.) : — Bi- ographien iind Erzdhlungen (3 vols.) : — and Der Erwerb (an autobiography, 3 vols.). His last work was Erin- nerungen an die Herzogin IJelene von Orleans. Schubert left Nuremberg in 1816; in 1819 he became professor at Erlangen; in 1827 he went to the new University of Munich. His latter years were passed in peace and af- fluence. He died July 1, 1860. See Evangel. Kirchen- zeitung, 1800, No. 02 ; Herzog, Real-Encyklop. (J. P. L.)
Schuderoff, Johann Georg Jonathan, a Ger- man Protestant minister, was born in 1706 at Gotha. In 1790 he was appointed minister at Drakendorf, near Jena; in 1797 subdeacon at Altenburg; in 1805 arch- deacon; in 1806 first pastor and superintendent at Ron- neburg, and in 1824 member of consistory. In 1836 he retired from the ministry, and died in 1843. He wrote : Ueber allgemeine Union der christl. Bekenntnisse (Neu- stadt, 1829): — Symboloklasmus oder Symbolati-iei (ibid. 1831) : — Ueber Consistorialverfassung in der deutsch-pro- tfstantischen Kirche (ibid. 1831) : — Glaube v. Vemunft in ihren Verziveigungen (ibid. 1843), etc. See Zuehold, Bibl. Theol. ii, 1 188 : Regensburger Real-Encyklop. s. v. (B. P.)
Schudt, Johann Jakob, a German Jewish writer, was born Jan. 14, 1064, at Frankfort -on -the -Main, where he also died, Feb. 14, 1722, as the rector of the gymnasiimi. Schudt is well known as the author of the Memondiilia Judaica, or Jiidische Merkwlirdigkei- ten (Frankf. 1714-17, 4 pts.). This may be regarded as the most important of his works, which are enumer- ated by Fiirst in his Bibl. ,Tud. iii, 292 sq. See also Steinschneider, Bibliog. IJandbuch, s. v.; Winer, Hand- bucli der theol. Literatur. (B. P.)