4. Is directed airainsr ilie All)igenses, ,ind foibids all in- tercourse with them : forbids even to ^'ive them a retreat or protection, or to buy and sell with them.
5. Forbids to let churches to priests for an annual rent. S. Forbids monks to lenve tlieir cloisters iu order to
practice medicine or to learn the civil law.
9. Declares all ordinations made i)v Octavianus, and oth- er heretics or schismatics, to be null and void.
See Mansi, x, 141 1.
Yin. Held June 10, 1'23(); .TuheldeJIayenne, archbish- op of Tours, presiding. Fourteen canons were published.
1. Forbids the crusaders or other Christians to kill or injure the Jews, or to plunder or ill-use them in any way ; also orders the secular judges to give up to the ecclesias- tical authorities any crusaders whom they may have seized on account of any crime.
7. Orders that "all wills shall be put into the hands of the bishop or his archdeacon within ten days after the death of the testator.
8. Deuouuees those who have two wives living, declares tlieni lo be iulamons, and orders that they shall be tied Uj) iu )>ublic, unless they can pay a heavy tine; orders jiriests to publish eveiy Sunday iu church the sin of hav- ing two wives liviuiT.
13. Orders the bishops to instruct and to provide for the subsistence of the new converts from Judaism and heresy.
See Mansi, xi, 503.
IX. Held in F239, by Juhel de Mayenne, archbishop of Tours, and his suffragans. Thirteen canons were pub- lished,'• with the approbation of the holj- council;" the use of which expression in this case shows that the ap- probation was not confined to the i>ope and his legates,
1. Orders that the bishop shall appoint three clerks, or three reputal)le laymen, in every parish, who shall take an oaih to report faithfully concerning nil scandals iu moraliiy, faith, etc., happening in the neigliborhood.
4. Forbids to receive anything for the administration of the sacrameuis; without piejudice, however, to pious customs.
5 and 6. Forbid cm-ates and rectors to excommunicate their parishioners of their own aulhority.
12. Forbids clerks and monks to retain any female ser- vants iu their houses or priories.
See Mansi, xi, 5G.5.
X. Held Aug. 1, 1"282, by John de Jlonsoreau, arch- bishop of Tours, who presided. Thirteen canons were publishe^l.
1 and 2. Are directed against needless lawsuits.
3. Forbids clerks aiul mnuks to frequent taverns.
4. Excommunii;itcs those who steal or tear the church- books and injure the furniture.
5. Orders the observance of customary processions.
C. Orders the pnuislimeut of usurers according to the can(ui of Lyons.
12. Is directed against those who hinder the payment of tithe.
See Mansi, xi, 1183.
XI. A general assembly of the French clergy was held, by order of Louis XII, in September, l.ilO, on account of the sentence of excommiinieatiou passed against him by pope Julius IL The object of the comicil was to discuss the ((uestiun how far it was necessary for Louis to respect the spiritual weapons of the ('hurch, Avheii in tlie hands of an ailversary who used them oidy to furtlier injustice, and in matters purely temporal. Eight questions were discussed. The following are the most important •
2. Is il allowable for a pnnce, in defence of his person and property, not only to repel injustice by force of arms,
but to seize the lands of the Church in the possession of the pope, his declared enemy, not with any view of re- taining them, but only in order to cripjjle the pope's meaus of iiijiM-ing him y Answer iu the affirmative.
H. Is il allowable for a prince, ou account of such de- clared hatred on the part of the pope, to withdraw from the oi)edieuce of the latter, the pope having stirred up other princes to make war upon inni, and uigecl them lo seize upon his territories? Answer: that it is lawful so to withdraw from obedience, not, however, altogether, but so far as the defence of the prince's temporal rights shall lender necessary.
4. This withdrawal frtnn ohedience being supposed, how is the prince to conduct himself with regard io his subjects, and the prelates with regard to other ecclesias- tics, iu all those matters in which recourse is usually had to the see of Rome? Answer: it is necessary iu such a case to keep to the ancient comnuui rights, and the Prairmatic Sanction taken from the deciees of the Council of Basle.
5. If the pope, without any alteuiioii to justice, or even to the appearance of riglit, employs anus and artifices, and i)nl)hshes censures asiaiust the prince, and against those wlio protect and defend liiin, oui:lit the latter to be deserted'? Answer: that such censures are altogether null, and not binding iu law.
See Mansi, xiii, 1481.
XII. Held in September, 1583, Simon de ^laille, the archbishop, presiding; the bishops of Angers, Nantes, Saint-Brien, Itennes, and Qiiimper, ami the deputies of those of Saiiit-Malo and Mans, were present.
A petiti<m was read, wliich it was proposed to present to the king, Henry III, requesting him to order the publica- tion of the decrees of Trent in his states; also another petition to the pope, to induce him to remedy certain abnses in the matter of heiiefices. A formulary of faith,, to be signed by all beneficed clerks, was drawn up, ami regulations were made to (nevent simony. In conse- quence of the a))pearance of ihe plague iu Tours, the prel- ates adjourued the council to Angers.