PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Word Studies in the New Testament — Volume 3
Vincent, Marvin R., 1834-1922 · 203,474 words · 325 reading sections
Chapter Xvi.
Chamberlain (o/xovouos). See on Luke xvi.1. The word appears in the New Testament in two senses: 1. The slave who was employed to give the other slaves their rations. So Luke xii. 42. 2. The land-steward, as Luke xvi. 1. Probably here the administrator of the city lands. 25. This is the only epistle of Paul which …
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1. Called to be an apostle. See on Rom. i. 1. Compare 1 Tim. i. 1. Not distinguishing him from other apostles. Compare Matt. iv. 21; John vi. 70; but Paul was called no less directly than these by Jesus Christ. Gal. i. 12-16. John does not use the word apostle, but gives the idea, John xiii. 18. 2. Corinth. The Co…
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Called to be saints. See on Rom. i. 7. Call upon the name (érvxarovupévois TO dvoua). Compare Rom. x. 12; Acts ii. 21. The formula is from the Septuagint. See Zech. xiii. 9; Gen. xii. 8; xiii. 4; Ps. cxv.17. It is used of worship, and here implies prayer to Christ. The first christ- ian prayer recorded as heard by…
726 wordsSECTION 124Chapter It.
Perfectly joined together (catnpticpévor). Rev., perfected together. See on Matt. xxi. 16; Luke vi. 40; 1 Pet. v. 10. Carrying on the metaphor in divisions. Not of individual and absolute perfection, but of perfection in the unity of the Church. Mind (vot). See on Rom. vii. 23. Judgment (yvdun). See on Apoc. xvii…
678 wordsSECTION 125Chapter It.
Was Paul crucified for you ? (uz ITatnros éotravpdIn brrép duov). A negative answer is implied. Paul surely was not, ete. or is i7ép on behalf of, not epi on account of, as some texts. In the name (eis 76 dvowa). Rev., correctly, into the name. See on Matt. xxviii. 19. Of Paulas the name of him whom you were to c…
657 wordsSECTION 126Chapter It.
20. Scribe (ypaupareds). Always in the New Testament in the Jewish sense, an interpreter of the law, except Acts xix. 35, the town-clerk. Disputer (cufmrntijs). Only here. Compare the kindred verb cufnréw to question with, Mark i. 27; Luke xxii. 23; Acts vi. 9; and cufjrnots disputation, Acts xv. 2,7. Referring to…
661 wordsSECTION 127Chapter I.
30. Wisdom and righteousness and sanctification and redemption. ‘The last three terms illustrate and exemplify the first—wisdom. The wisdom impersonated in Christ mani- fests itself as righteousness, sanctification, and redemption.* For Sicavoctun righteousness, see on Rom. i. 17. For dysacpos sanctification, on R…
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Heart (xapdiav). See on Rom. i. 21. 10. Searcheth (€pevva). See on John y. 39. Not, searcheth in order to discover; but of the ever active, accurate, careful sounding of the depths of God by the Spirit. 11. Spirit (rvedua). See on Rom. vii. 4. The things of God can be recognized only by the highest element of the …
745 wordsSECTION 129Chapter I.
Receiveth not (ov déyetas). Not, does not understand, but does not admit them into his heart ; thus, according to New- Testament usage, when the word is used in connection with teaching. See Luke viii. 13; Acts viii. 14; xi. 1; 1 Thess. i. 6; Jas. 1, 21. Are foolishness. Not merely seem. To him they are. Neither …
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1. Carnal (capxivous). Made of flesh. See on Rom. vii. 14, and on flesh, Rom. vii. 5. Babes (vnios). From vn not, and éros a word. Strictly, non-speakers. Compare the Latin infans. Strongly contrasted with perfect ; see on ch. ii. 6. 2. I fed (émrérica). Lit., J gave you to drink. An instance of the rhetorical fi…
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902 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. (Cu. IIL maker. This fact has a bearing on the authorship of the epistle. In earlier English, edify was used for weld in the lit- eral sense. Thus Piers Ploughman: “I shal overturne this temple and a-down throwe it, and in thre daies after edifie it newe.” See on Acts xx. 82.…
652 wordsSECTION 132Chapter Itt.
‘¢ Paradiso,” xx., 55-60. By fire (80d zupds). Better, Rev., through fire. He will escape as through the fire that consumes his work, as one does through the flames which destroy his house. 16. Temple (vads). Or sanctuary. See on Matt. iv. 5. Compare Eph. ii. 21; 2 Cor. vi. 16. 204 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAME…
406 wordsSECTION 133Chapter Iv.
i. Ministers (iwnpéras). See on officer, Matt. v. 25. Only here in Paul’s epistles. Stewards. See on Luke xvi. 1. 2. It is required (fntetrac). Lit., 2 2s sought for; thus agreeing with found in the following clause. 3. A very small thing (eis éXdyorov). Lit., wnto a very small thing: it amounts to very little. …
790 wordsSECTION 134Chapter Iv.
10. For Christ’s sake—in Christ (dca Xpucrov—év Xpic- to). We apostles are fools in the world’s eyes on account of (6va) Christ, because we know and preach nothing but Christ: You are wise in Christ, as Christians, making your Christianity a means to your worldly greatness—union with Christ the basis of worldly wi…
653 wordsSECTION 135Chapter V.
15. Tutors (sradaywyovs). From ais boy and aywyés leader. The Paedagogus was a slave to whom boys were en- trusted on leaving the care of the females, which was some- where about their sixteenth year. Ile was often a foreigner, sometimes educated and refined, but often otherwise ; for Plu- tarch complains that sea…
659 wordsSECTION 136Chapter V.
Sincerity (eiAvcpwelas). See on pure minds, 2 Pet. iii. 1. Truth. Bengel observes: “Sincerity takes care not to ad- mit evil with the good; truth, not to admit evil instead of good.” 9. | write—in my epistle. American Rev., as zt is [ wrote. The reference is probably to a former letter now lost. Some explain éypa…
284 wordsSECTION 137Chapter Vi.
1. Dare. ‘The insulted majesty of Christians is denoted by a grand word” (Bengel). 2. Matters (xpsetrnpiwv). The word means, 1, Zhe instru- ment or rule of judging; 2, the tribunal of a gudge. It oc- curs only here, ver. 4, and Jas. ii. 6, where it means judgment- seats. This latter gives a good sense here without…
705 wordsSECTION 138Chapter Vi.
Suffer yourselves to be defrauded (arocrepeiate). Rev., more literally, “why not rather be defrauded?” In classical Greek the word means, 1, to rob or despoil: 2, to detach or withdraw one’s self from a person or thing. *Amoatepetv éavtov was a regular phrase for separation from civic life. So Oedipus says: “I, no…
673 wordsSECTION 139Chapter Vi.
16. He that is joined (0 coAAwpevos). See on Luke xv. 15. Compare Aeschylus: “The family has been glued (kexorXnTav) to misfortune” (““ Agamemnon,” 1543). The verb is used Gen. ii. 24, Sept., of the relation of husband and wife: shall cleave. In Deut. x. 20; xi. 22; Jer. xiii. 11, of man’s cleaving to God. To a ha…
699 wordsSECTION 140Chapter Vi.
12. To the rest. He has been speaking to the unmarried (ver. 8) and to married parties, both of whom were Christians (ver. 10). By the rest he means married couples, one of which remained a heathen. 1, not the Lord. These cases are not included in Christ’s declarations. Be pleased (cvvevdoxe?). Rev., be content. …
705 wordsSECTION 141Chapter Vi.
26. The present distress (tv éveotdcav avdyxnv). ’Evec- Tacav present may also express something which is not simply present, but the presence of which foreshadows and inaugurates something to come. Hence it may be rendered dmpending or setting m. See on Rom. viii. 88. "Avdyen means originally force, constraint, n…
696 wordsSECTION 142Chapter Vi.
32. Without carefulness (auepiuvous). Not a good transla- tion, because carefulness has lost its earlier sense of anwiety. So Latimer: ‘This wicked carefulness of men, when they seek how to live—like as if there were no God at all.” See on take no thought, Matt. vi. 25. Rev., free from cares. Ignatius uses the phr…
660 wordsSECTION 143Chapter Vi.
Pass the flower of her age (7 tzrépaxuos). Rev., correctly, be past. Beyond the bloom of life. Plato fixes the point at twenty years (‘“ Republic,” 460). Diogenes Laertius says: “ An undowered maiden is a heavy burden to a father after she has outrun the flower of her age” (“ Lycon,” v., 65). Let them marry. Evide…
479 wordsSECTION 144Chapter Viii.
1. Things offered unto idols (cidwAoIttwv). See on Apoc. ii. 14. We know that we all, etc. The arrangement of the text is in question. Evidently a parenthesis intervenes between the beginning of ver. 1 and ver. 4. It seems best to begin this parenthesis with knowledge puffeth up, and to end it with known of him (…
693 wordsSECTION 145Chapter Viii.
Is defiled (uoddveras). See on Apoc. xiv. 4. 8. Commendeth — not (od apactice). Lit., present. Rev., more correctly, will not commend. See on shewed him- self, Acts i. 3. 9. Stumbling-block (spockoupa). See on Rom. xiv. 13. 10. Idol’s temple (eiSmAeiw). Only here in the New Testa- ment. See on Apoc. ii. 14. Be e…
285 wordsSECTION 146Chapter Ix.
1. Seen Jesus. See ch. xv. 8; Acts ix. 17; xviii. 9; xxil. 17, 18; 2 Cor. xii. 1 sqq. Compare Acts xxii. 14. 2. Seal (odpayis). See on Rom. iv. 11; John iii. 33; Apoe. xxii. 10. 3. Answer (dzrodoyla). See on 1 Pet. iii. 15. Examine (avaxpivovow). See on Luke xxiii. 14. 4, Eat—drink. At the expense of the churches…
677 wordsSECTION 147Chapter Ix.
The verb aAodw to tread, occurring only here, ver. 10, and 1 Tim. v. 18, is etymologically related to d\wv halon, threshing- floor (see on Matt. iii. 12), which also means the desk of the sun or moon, or @ halo, thus implying the circular shape of the floor. Dr. Thomson says: “The command of Moses not to muzzle th…
841 wordsSECTION 148Chapter Ix.
* See Stanley’s note on ch. xiii. 7. Cu. 1X] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 2338 as was the fact, then I am not in the position of a free man who chooses at will, but of a slave who is made household steward by his master’s will, without his own choice, and con- sequently I have no claim for reward and no g…
701 wordsSECTION 149Chapter Ix.
Cu. IX.] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 235 pillar. Half-way between these was a third pillar. On the first pillar was inscribed excel ; on the second, hasten ; on the third, ¢wrn, since the racers turned round the column to go back to the starting-point.* The isthmus of Corinth was the scene of the Isthmia…
670 wordsSECTION 150Chapter Ix.
Beateth the air. A boxer might be said to beat the air when practising without an adversary. This was called oxa- payla shadow-fighting. Or he might purposely strike into the air in order to spare his adversary; or the adversary might evade his blow, and thus cause him to spend his strength on the air. The two lat…
519 wordsSECTION 151Chapter.
1. Moreover (é¢). But the correct reading is ydp for, in- troducing an illustration of rejection by God, and thus connect- ing what follows with the close of the last chapter. It is pos- sible that I may be rejected, for the Israelites were. All. Strongly emphasized in contrast with most of them (A. V., many) in v…
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7. Idolaters. Referring to the danger of partaking of the idol feasts. To play (aigfew). The merrymaking generally which fol- lowed the feast, not specially referring to the dancing at the worship of the golden calf. See Exod. xxxii. 19. Commit fornication. Lasciviousness was habitually associ- ated with idol-wor…
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16. The cup of blessing (7d mortzjpiov THs evroyias). Lit., the blessing: the cup over which the familiar formula of bless- ing is pronounced. Hence the Holy Supper was often styled Eulogia (Blessing). For blessing, see on blessed, 1 Pet. i. 3. It is the same as eucharistia (thanksgiving), applied as the designati…
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21. The cup of devils. Representing the heathen feast. The special reference may be either to the drinking-cup, or to that used for pouring libations. The Lord’s table. Representing the Lord’s Supper. See ch. xi. 20 sqq. The Greeks and Romans, on extraordinary oc- casions, placed images of the gods reclining on co…
622 wordsSECTION 155Chapter Xi.
1. Followers (uunrai). Lit., émtators, as Rev. This verse belongs to the closing section of ch. x. 2, Ordinances—delivered (zapadcoceis—mrapédwxa). There is a play of two kindred words, both being derived from mapa- dupe to gwe over. Ordinances is a faulty rendering. Better, Rev., traditions. By these words Paul a…
667 wordsSECTION 156Chapter Xi.
248 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XI. 10. Power on her head (éfovcdav). Not in the primary sense of dberty or permission, but authority. Used here of the symbol of power, 7.¢., the covering upon the head as a sign of her husband’s authority. So Rev., a sign of authority. Because of the angels. The holy a…
666 wordsSECTION 157Chapter Xi.
Indications of the blending of the eucharistic celebration with a common meal are found here, Acts ii. 42; xx. 7, and more obscurely, xxvii. 35.* 21. Taketh before other. Not waiting for the coming of the poor to participate. * See Stanley’s ‘‘ Christian Institutions,” ch. iii, 250 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAME…
738 wordsSECTION 158Chapter Xi.
252 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XL render brotherhood and words of the covenant. In Philo it has the same sense as in the Septuagint, and covenant is its invari- able sense in the New Testament. 26. Ye do shew (katayyédnere). Rev., better, proclaim. It is more than represent or signify. The Lord’s deat…
658 wordsSECTION 159Chapter Xii.
254 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. _[Cu. XIL We should not be judged (ov« dy éxpwopueda). By God. Here judged is correct. A proper self-examination would save us from the divine judgment. 32. When we are judged (xpsvduevor). Correct. The same word as the last. With this construe by the Lord ; not with chasten…
665 wordsSECTION 160Chapter Xii.
10. Prophecy. Not mere foretelling of the future. Quite probably very little of this element is contemplated ; but utter- ance under immediate divine inspiration: delivering inspired exhortations, instructions, or warnings. See on prophet, Luke vii. 26. The fact of direct inspiration distinguished prophecy from “ …
666 wordsSECTION 161Chapter Xii.
958 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XII. he assigned it an inferior position (1 Cor. xiv. 4, 5), and dis- tinctly gave prophesying and speaking with the understanding the preference (1 Cor. xiv. 2, 8, 5, 19, 22). VII. Resurrs anp PERMANENCE. Being recognized distinctly as a gift of the Spirit, it must be i…
728 wordsSECTION 162Chapter Xii.
26. Suffer with it. Compare Plutarch of Solon’s Laws: “Tf any one was beaten or maimed or suffered any violence, * A number of parallels may be found in Wetstein. 260 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. XIL any man that would and was able might prosecute the wrong- doer ; intending by this to accustom the citi…
495 wordsSECTION 163Chapter Xiii.
“Love is our lord—supplying kindness and banishing un- kindness; giving friendship and forgiving enmity; the joy of the good, the wonder of the wise, the amazement of the gods; desired by those who have no part in him, and precious to those who have the better partin him. . . . In every word, work, wish, fear—pilo…
721 wordsSECTION 164Chapter Xiii.
2. All mysteries (ra uvornpia tdvta). The mysteries, all of them. See on Rom. xi. 25. The article indicates the well- known spiritual problems which exercise men’s minds. All faith (cacav thv miotw). All the special faith which works miracles. 3. Bestow (Yowpuicw). Only here and Rom. xii. 20. See on sop, John xii…
669 wordsSECTION 165Chapter Xiii.
7. Beareth (créyer). See on suffer, ch. ix. 12. It keeps out resentment as the ship keeps out the water, or the roof the rain. Endureth (izropéver). An advance on beareth: patient ac- quiescence, holding its ground when it can no longer believe nor hope. ‘* All my days are spent and gone; And ye no more shall le…
666 wordsSECTION 166Chapter Xiv.
lam known (ézeyvéoInv). The tense is the aorist, “was known,” in my imperfect condition. Paul places himself at the future stand-point, when the perfect has come. The com- pound verb is the same as the preceding. Hence American Rev., “I was fully known.” 13. And now (vuvi 2). Rev., but; better than and, bring- in…
650 wordsSECTION 167Chapter Xiv.
14. Spirit (zvedua). The human spirit, which is moved by the divine Spirit. See on Rom. viii. 4. Understanding (vods). See on Rom. vii. 23. Is unfruitful (dxcaprds éorwv). Furnishes nothing to others. 15. I will sing (yard). See on Jas. v.13. The verb da is also used for sing, Eph. v. 19; Col. iii. 16; Apoce. v. 9…
656 wordsSECTION 168Chapter Xiv.
19. Teach (xatnyjow). Orally. See on Luke i. 4. 20. Understanding (¢peciv). Only here in the New Testa- ment. Originally, in a physical.sense, the diaphragm. Denot- ing the reasoning power on the reflective side, and perhaps in- tentionally used instead of vods (ver. 15), which emphasizes the distinction from ecst…
646 wordsSECTION 169Chapter Xv.
1. I declare (yvwpigw). Reproachfully, as having to declare the Gospel anew. 2. If ye keep in memory what, etc. I see no good reason for departing from the arrangement of the A. V., which states that the salvation of the readers depends on their holding fast the word preached.* Rev. reads: through which ye are sav…
667 wordsSECTION 170Chapter Xv.
*See two thorough articles, “St. Paul an Ectroma,” by EH. Huxtable, “ Expositor,” second series, iii., 268, 364. Cu. XV.} THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 275 been lawful, Zeus would not have stopped him who knew the right way to restore men from the dead”* (‘‘ Agamemnon,” 987-992). 14. Vain (xevov). Empty, …
660 wordsSECTION 171Chapter Xv.
Your rejoicing (rv duérepav Kavynow). Rev., better, that glorying in you which I have. Paul would say: ‘ You Corinth- * Meyer, Alford, Ellicott, Edwards, Heinrici, De Wette, Neander, Stanley, Schaff. Cu. XV.] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 277 ian Christians are the fruit of my apostolie labor which has be…
705 wordsSECTION 172Chapter Xv.
33. Communications (oucd/as). Wrong. Lit., companion- ships. Rev., company. Manners (797). Only here inthe New Testament. Origin- ally 730s means an accustomed seat or haunt ; thence custom, usage; plural, manners, morals, character. The passage, “ Evil company doth corrupt good manners,” is an iambic line; either…
661 wordsSECTION 173Chapter Xv.
Bare (yupvov). Naked. The mere seed, without the later investiture of stalk and head. It may chance (ei tuvyor). Lit., of 2 happen to be: ie, whatever grain you may chance to sow. 38. As it hath pleased (cadas 73érAnoev). Lit., even as He willed , at the creation, when He fixed the different types of grain, so th…
685 wordsSECTION 174Chapter Xv.
44. A natural body (cdpya wuyicdv). See on ch. ii. 14. The word puxvxov natural occurs only twice outside this epistle ; Jas. iii. 15; Jude 19. The expression natural body signifies an organism animated by a puy7) soul (see on Rom. xi. 4); that phase of the immaterial principle in man which is more nearly allied t…
680 wordsSECTION 175Chapter Xv.
Quickening spirit (avedua fworoodv). Rev., life-gwing. Not merely dwing, but «mparting life. Compare John i. 4; i363 ve 26/405 tas 35, 355 xe 0s axl 12> so xiv. 6.0 ee per iod at which Christ became a quickening Spirit is the resurrec- tion, after which His body began to take on the characteristics of a spiritual …
691 wordsSECTION 176Chapter Xv.
In victory (es vixos). Lit., wnto victory, so that victory is to be established. 55. O death, where, etc. From Hos. xiii. 14, a free vers- ion of the Sept.: “Where is thy penalty, O Death? Where thy sting, O Hades? Web.: Where are thy plagues, O Death ? Where thy pestilence, O Sheol ? O grave (addy). Which is the…
433 wordsSECTION 177Cha Ller Xvi:
1. Collection (Aoyias). Peculiar to the New Testament, and occurring only here and ver. 2. The classical word is avAroyn, Vulg., collecta, which latter is also used of the as- semblies in which the collections took place. From éyw to collect. For such material ministries Paul uses a variety of words; as ydpus boun…
656 wordsSECTION 178Chapter I.
17. That which was lacking on your part (70 bpuérepov votépnua). Or the (i.e., my) lack of you. The Greek will bear either rendering. Compare Philip. ii. 830; 2 Cor. viii. 14; ix. 12. The latter is preferable. Edwards, somewhat naively says: “I do not see what could be lacking on the part of the Corinthians which …
657 wordsSECTION 179Chapter I.
Came to us in Asia. Rev., better, befell. The nature of the trouble is uncertain. The following words seem to indicate inward distress rather than trouble from without, such as he experienced at Ephesus. *See Farrar’s “ Paul,” ii., ch. xxxiii., and Stanley’s Introduction to the Epistle. 292, WORD STUDIES IN THE N…
673 wordsSECTION 180Chapter I.
And in Him Amen (kal év adté 16 aynv). The correct reading is: 610 nal dv adtod 76 dunv Wherefore also through im is the Amen. In giving this answer in His person and 994. WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. (Ca. I. life, Christ puts the emphatic confirmation upon God’s promises, even as in the congregation the peo…
344 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1887); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.