PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Word Studies in the New Testament — Volume 3
Vincent, Marvin R., 1834-1922 · 203,474 words · 325 reading sections
Chapter Ii.
1. With myself (¢uav7d). Reyv., better, for myself. Paul,. with affectionate tact, puts it as if he had taken this resolution for his own pleasure. In heaviness (€v Avy). Meaning, apparently, the apostle’s own sorrowful state of mind. This is wrong. He refers to the sorrow which his coming would bring to the Churc…
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9. The proof of you (rH Soxupry vuov). See on Rom. vy. 4. Your tried quality. See on 1 Pet, i, 7. Compare Philip. ii. 22. 10. In the person (éy mpocwr@). Better, as Rey., in mar- gin, presence ; or face, as if Christ were looking on. See on Che iat Ts 11. Lest Satan should get an advantage of us (wa pi TEOVERTNI…
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* See, further, on Col. ii. 15. G.C. Finlay, in an article on ‘‘St. Paul’s Use of SpiauBedw” (‘‘ Expositor,” first series, x., 403), tries to show that the expres- Cu. IL.J THE SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 299 Render, as Rev., which always leadeth us in triumph in Christ. Compare ch. x. 5. The savour of His …
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* See Cicero, ‘‘ Verres,” ii., 5, 30; Plutarch, ‘‘ Marius,” 12; Livy, xxvi., 13. Cu. 1] THE SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 301 with their wines ; mixing the new, harsh wines, so as to make them pass for old. These not only sold their wares in the market, but had xamndeta wine-shops all over the town, where it…
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1. Do we begin again. Rev., are we beginning. As if anticipating the taunt so often repeated, that he had no com- mendatory letters, and therefore was forced to commend him- self by self-laudation and by dishonest means. See ch. iv. 2; x. 12. You will say, “ You are beginning again the old strain of self-commendat…
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Of the new testament (xavvijs diaInxns). See on Matt. xxvi. 28, 29. There is no article. Render, as Rev., of a new covenant, in contrast with the Mosaic. See on Heb. ix. 15. Of course the term is never applied in the gospels or epistles to the collection of New-Testament writings. Of the letter (ypauparos). Depend…
803 wordsSECTION 187Chapter Iti.
11. That which is done away (70 xatapyovpevor). Lit., which is being done away ; im course of abolition through the preaching of the Gospel. Both the A. V., and Rev. passeth fail to bring out the idea of process. Vou. III.—20 306 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IIL Was glorious (dia d0&s). Lit., through g…
685 wordsSECTION 188Chapter Iti.
Were blinded (érwpéIn). See on the kindred noun r@pe- ots hardening, Mark iii. 5. Rev., correctly, were hardened. The same veil (70 av7o xddvppa). The expression theo minds were hardened is carried out figuratively. There is a veil over their minds when the law is read, as there was over Moses’ face. They cannot y…
744 wordsSECTION 189Chapter Iv.
Are changed (yerapopdotpeda). Rev., transformed. See on Matt. xvii: 2. The present tense expresses the change as in progress ; are being changed, which is further defined by from glory to glory. 810 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IV. The same image (r7v avr eixdva). See on Apoc. xiii. 14. Compare especia…
664 wordsSECTION 190Chapter Iv.
312 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IV. In earthen vessels (€v dctpaxivois cxeveow). The adjective occurs only here and 2 Tim. ii. 10. Herodotus says of the king of Persia: ‘‘'The great king stores away the tribute which he receives after this fashion: he melts it down, and, while it is in a liquid state, …
698 wordsSECTION 191Chapter Iv.
314 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IV. | believed, etc. Cited from Sept., Ps. cxv. 10. The Sep- tuagint mistranslates the Hebrew, which is, “ [ belceved though TI said,” ete. 15. The abundant grace (1) ydapis tAcovdcaca). Lit., the grace ‘hawing abounded. Rev., the grace being multiplied. Grace is the di…
869 wordsSECTION 192Chapter Iv.
Dissolved (xatadvdf). Lit., loosened down. Appropriate to taking down a tent. See on Mark xiii. 2; Luke ix. 12; Acts v. 88; and compare 2 Pet. iii. 11, 12, and the figure of the parting of the silver cord on which the lamp is suspended, Eccl xii. 6. Also Job iv. 21, where the correct rendering is: Ls not their ten…
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** For who, to dumb forgetfulness a prey, This pleasing anxious being e’er resigned, Left the warm precincts of the cheerful day, Nor cast one longing, lingering look behind ?” Gray, ‘ Elegy.” Swallowed up. A new metaphor. Compare 1 Cor. xv. 54. 5. Wrought (xatepyacdpuevos). The compound is significant, indicati…
722 wordsSECTION 194Chapter Iv.
17. A new creature («aw xrious). Or creation. Compare Gal. vi. 15. The word xricws is used in three senses in the New Testament. The act of creating, as Rom.i.20. The sum of created things, as Apoc. iti. 14; Mark xiii. 19. A created thing or creature, as Rom. viii. 89. The Rabbins used the word of a man converted …
511 wordsSECTION 195Chapter Vi.
1. As workers together with Him (cuvepyodrtes). Lit., working together. With Him is implied in the compounded civ with. That it refers to God, not to the fellow-Christians, is evident from the parallel 1 Cor. iii. 9, laborers together with God, and because the act of exhortation or entreaty in which the fellowship…
658 wordsSECTION 196Chapter Vi.
10. Having—possessing (éyovres—xaréxovtes). The con- trast is twofold: between having and not having, and between temporary and permanent having, or having and keeping. Com- pare Luke viii. 15; 1 Cor. xv. 2; 1 Thess. v. 21; Heb. iii. 6. 11. Ye Corinthians. The readers are addressed by name in only two other epistl…
652 wordsSECTION 197Chapter Vii.
God hath said, etc. The quotation is combined and con- densed from Lev. xxvii. 11, 12; and Ezek. xxxvii. 27, after the * Septuagint. Paul treats it as if directly affirmed of the christ- ian Church, thus regarding that Church as spiritually identical with the true church of Israel. 17. Come out, etc. Isa. lii. 11,…
651 wordsSECTION 198Chapter Vii.
10. Sorrow—repentance (Avmrn—perdvovav). Paul’s words strike effectively at the popular identification of sorrow with repentance. Not to be repented of (duerapérntov). Construe with re- pentance. The Rev., in order to bring out this connection, amplifies the translation: a@ repentance which bringeth no re- great.…
657 wordsSECTION 199Chapter Viii.
330 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. ([Ca. VII. comforted, transfer the 5€ and (yea) from after mepsccotépas exceedingly the more to directly after émé a (your comfort), and instead of your read our. The whole, as Rev., therefore we have been comforted. And in our comfort we joyed the more exceedingly, etc. In …
704 wordsSECTION 200Chapter Viii.
11. Out of that which ye have (é« rod éyew). Wrong. Meyer justly remarks that it would be an indelicate compli- ment to the inclination of the readers, that it had originated from their possession. Render, according to your ability ; better than Rev. owt of your ability. 12. If there be first awilling mind (e¢ 7 m…
630 wordsSECTION 201Chapter Ix.
4. Confident boasting (i7ocrdce:). Primarily something put under, foundation, ground ; so substance (sub, stans, stand- ing under), substanteal quality: thence steadiness, confidence. Compare Heb. iii. 14; xi. 1. In the Septuagint the word rep- resents fifteen different Hebrew words. 5. Go before. Notice the thric…
678 wordsSECTION 202Chapter Ix.
Your professed subjection (i7otay7 tis oporoyias buar). A vicious hendiadys. Lit., as Rev., the obedience of your con- Jfession ; that is, the obedience which results from your christ- ian confession. ‘“Opodoyia is once rendered in A. V. confes- sion, 1 Tim. vi. 13; and elsewhere profession. Both render- ings occu…
383 wordsSECTION 203Chapter X.
1. | Paul myself. “This emphatic stress on his own person is the fit introduction to the portion of the epistle which, be- yond any other part of his writings, is to lay open his individual life and character” (Stanley). “Paul boldly casts into the scales of his readers the weight of his own personality over again…
654 wordsSECTION 204Chapter X.
May not be bold—think to be bold (Jappioa—rorphaar). The A. V. thus misses the distinction between the two verbs. The former signifies to be stout-hearted or resolutely confident in view of one’s conscious strength or capacity ; the latter, to carry this feeling into action; to dare. The distinction is not easy to…
672 wordsSECTION 205Chapter X.
9. That I may not seem. The construction is abrupt. Prob- ably something is to be supplied, as J say this in order that I may not seem, etc. 10. They say (gaciv). The correct reading is dyad says he. The Revisers retain they say, but read dnoi he says in their text. The reference is to some well-known opponent. Co…
672 wordsSECTION 206Chapter X.
Rule (xavovos). Used by Paul only. Originally, @ straight rod or ruler. Hence a carpenter's rule. Metaphorically, that which measures or determines anything, in morals, art, or lan- guage. The Alexandrian grammarians spoke of the classic Greek authors collectively as the canon or standard of the pure language. In …
691 wordsSECTION 207Chapter Xt.
Cx. XL] THE SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 345 1. Folly. As my boasting may seem to you. Ironically spoken of that legitimate self-vindication demanded by the circumstances. Rey., foolishness. Bear with me (avéyeoJe). Some render as indicative: ye do bear with me. 2. lam jealous (&). The translation is correc…
690 wordsSECTION 208Chapter Xt.
Wages (oWeviov). See on Rom. vi. 23. 9. | was chargeable (xatevdpxncoa). Only in this epistle. From vaprn numbness, deadness ; also a torpedo or gymnotus, which benumbs whatever touches it. Compare Homer: “ His hand grew stiff at the wrist” (‘“ Iliad,” viii., 328). Meno says to Socrates: “ You seem to me both in y…
679 wordsSECTION 209Chapter Xt.
Exalteth himself (€za/perac). Asch.x.5. It is noticeable that these are the only two instances out of nineteen in the New Testament where the word is used figuratively. Smite you on the face. The climax of insult. Compare Matt. v. 39; Luke xxii. 64; Acts xxiii. 2. Also the injunction to a bishop not to be a strike…
682 wordsSECTION 210Chapter Xt.
Prisons. At Philippi, and other places not recorded. Deaths. Perils of death, as at Damascus, Antioch in Pisidia, Iconium, Lystra, Thessalonica, Beroea. 25. Beaten with rods. Roman scourgings. Stoned. At Lystra, Acts xiv. 19. Thrice | suffered shipwreck. The shipwreck at Malta, being later, is, of course, not ref…
706 wordsSECTION 211Chapter Xii.
Kept with a garrison (é¢povpe). Imperfect tense, was maintaining a constant watch. Compare Acts ix. 24: They watched the gates day and night. To apprehend (zudacas). See on Acts iii. 7. 33. Through a window (é&a Supédos). Only here and Acts xx. 9. Diminutive of Svpa a door. The same expression is used in Sept., J…
658 wordsSECTION 212Chapter Xii.
Messenger of Satan (dyyedos Sarav). The torment is thus personified. Messenger is the word commonly rendered angel in the New Testament, though sometimes used of human mes- sengers, as Luke vii. 24, 27; ix. 52; Jas. ii. 25; see also on the angels of the churches, Apoc. i. 20. Messenger and Satan are not to be take…
687 wordsSECTION 213Chapter Xii.
Were wrought (xatevpydodn). The testimony was decisive. They were fully wrought out. 13. Except that | was not a burden. Alluding to the possible objection that his refusal to receive pay was a sign either of his want of power to exact it, or of his want of affec- tion for them (ch. xi. 7). Forgive, ete. Ironical…
653 wordsSECTION 214Chapter Xii.
And being absent now i write to them which heretofore, etc. (kal arav viv ypddw). I write must be omitted ; now con- nected with being absent ; and to them which connected with J say beforehand. Tender, so now being absent (I say before- hand) to them which, ete. 3. A proof of Christ speaking in me (Sonu rod év éy…
708 wordsSECTION 215Chapter Xii.
Farewell (yaipere). In the classics used both at meeting and at parting. Lit., hail/ See on Jas. i.1. Rev., in mar- gin, has rejoice. It is somewhat doubtful whether it ever has the meaning farewell in the New Testament.* Edersheim says that, on Sabbaths, when the outgoing course of priests left the temple, they p…
472 wordsSECTION 216Chapter I.
“ Tux first chapter has, so to speak, a liturgical, psalmodic character, being, as it were, a glowing song in praise of the transcendent riches of the grace of God in Christ, and the glory of the Christian calling ” (Schaff). 1. By the will of God. As frequently in the introductions of the epistles, to emphasize h…
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5. Having predestinated (spooploas). Rev., foreordained. From mpé before, opif to define, the latter word being from dpos a boundary. Hence to define or determine beforehand. Adoption (viodectav). See on Rom. viii. 15. Never used of Christ. Good pleasure (evdoxiav). Not strictly in the sense of kindly or friendly…
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Of the fulness of times (rod tAnpepatos THY Karpov). For Julness, see on Rom. xi. 12; John i. 16; Col.i.19. For témes, compare Gal. iv. 4, “fulness of the time (rod ypévov), where the time before Christ is conceived as a unit. Here the conception is of a series of epochs. The fulness of the times is the moment whe…
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In whom. Resuming the in whom at the beginning of the verse, and repeated on account of the length of the clause. Ye were sealed (€odparyicdnre). See on John iii. 33; Apoc. xxii. 10. Sealed with the assurance of the Holy Spirit. Rom. viii. 16; 2 Cor. i. 22; 2 Tim. ii. 19, Spirit of promise. Strictly, the promise. …
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Hope of His calling. ope, not, as sometimes, the thing hoped for, but the sentiment or principle of hope which God’s calling inspires. The riches of the glory of His inheritance. Ellicott re- marks that this is a noble accumulation of genitives, “setting forth the inheritance on the side of its glory, and the glor…
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Noi only in this world, etc. Connect with which ts named. For world (aiév), see on John i. 9. 22. Put all things in subjection. Compare Col. i. 15-18; Ps. viii. 5-8. Gave Him. Hm is emphatic: and Him He gave. Not merely set Him over the Church, but gave Him as a gift. See Zor. ix. 15. The Church (77 éxxAnoia). S…
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Others (of Nowrol). + Rev., correctly, the rest. 4. But God. Resuming ver. i. For His great love (6a). Lor the sake of, in order to satisfy His love. * See Meyer on this passage. 376 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. II. Quickened us together. Spiritually. Compare Col. ii. 13; Rom. vi. 11-14; viii. 10, 11.…
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14. Our peace (7 eipnvn av). Christ is similarly described in abstract terms in 1 Cor. i. 830; wisdom, righteousness, sanc- tification, redemption. So Col. i. 27, hope of glory. Christ is thus not merely our peace-maker, but our very peace itself. Both (7a duddrepa). Lit., the both. The neuter gender shows that Je…
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Chief corner-stone (dxpoywviaiov). Only here and 1 Pet. ii. 6. 21. All the building (aca ouxodoun). Lit., every building. Rev., cach several building. But the reference is evidently to one building, and the rendering of A. V. should be retained though the article is wanting. Fitly framed together (cvvapyoroyoupev…
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11. Eternal purpose (mpddeow tov aidvwv). Lit., the pur- pose of the ages. He wrought (é7rodncev). Carried into effect. See on ful- Jjulling, ch. ii. 3. 12. Faith of Him (ris wictews adrod). As often, for faith 13. Faint (éy«axety). Lit., dose heart. Kaxés in classical Greek, but not in the New Testament, sometim…
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Comprehend (xatadaBéotar). To English readers this conveys the meaning wnderstand. Rev., better, apprehend : grasp. See on John i. 5, and compare Philip. iii. 12, 18. * Paul’s use in this epistle of different words for power and its working is an interesting study. He uses all the terms employed in the New Testamen…
577 wordsSECTION 227Chapter Iv.
1. Inthe Lord. See on Philip. i. 14. 2. Lowliness—meekness. See on Matt. xi. 293 v. 5. Long-suffering. See on Jas. v. 7. Forbearing (dveyopevor). See on Luke ix. 41. 3. Endeavoring (czovddfovres). Not strong enough. Orig- inally the verb means to make haste. So the kindred noun atrovon haste, Mark vi. 25; Luke i.…
697 wordsSECTION 228Chapter Iv.
Ascended. The ascent of Jehovah is realized in Christ’s ascent into heaven. Captivity. Abstract for the body of captwes. See on Luke iv. 18. The captives are not the redeemed, but the enemies of Christ’s kingdom, Satan, Sin, and Death. Compare on Col. ii. 15, and 2 Cor. ii. 14. Gave. Inthe Hebrew and Septuagint, …
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Edifying (occodouny). Rev., buclding up. See on Acts xx. 32. Notice the combination of perfecting and building. Build- ing defines the nature of the work of ministry, and perfecting comes through a process. 13. Till (uéypr). Specifying the time up to which this min- istry and impartation of gifts are to last. Com…
667 wordsSECTION 230Chapter Iv.
16. Fitly joined— compacted (cuvapporoyovmevov—oup- BiBafopevov). The present participles denote present, continu- ous progress. The two participles represent respectively the ideas of harmony or adaptation and compactness or solidity. See on Acts ix. 22, and Col. ii. 2. By that which every joint supplieth (6.a md…
676 wordsSECTION 231Chapter Iv.
By Him (év avre). Rev., correctly, 7 Him. In fellowship with. As the truth is in Jesus (caJas éotw adj Seva év TO Inaod). As corresponds with not so. Ye did not in such a manner learn Christ if ye were taught in such a manner as is truth, ete. Render, as Rev., as truth is in Jesus. Schaff paraphrases: “If you wer…
651 wordsSECTION 232Chapter Yj.
26. Be ye angry and sin not (dpylfeoSe Kai 7) 4uapraverte). Cited from Ps. iv. 5, after the Septuagint. Hebrew, stand in awe and sin not. Righteous anger is commanded, not merely permitted. Wrath (sapopyicue). Irritation, exasperation ; something not so enduring as opy7 anger, which denotes a deep-seated sentimen…
687 wordsSECTION 233Chapter Yj.
Cu. V.] THE EPISTLE TO THE EPHESIANS. 399 being answerable to the numberless rovings of fancy and wind- ings of language” (Barrow, Sermon XIV., “ Against Foolish Talking and Jesting.” The whole passage is well worth read- ing). 5. Ye know (lore yivécxovtes). The A. V. fails to give the whole force of the expressi…
674 wordsSECTION 234Chapter Yj.
Not as unwise, but as wise. Explanatory of carefully. 16. Redeeming the time (éEayopafopuevor tov Katpov). See on Col. iv. 5. 17. Understanding (cumévres). See on prudent, Matt. xi. 25; foolish, Rom. iii. 21. 18. Be not drunk (4% wedvonerIe). See on John ii. 10. Wherein. In drunkenness, not in wine. Excess (acwr…
655 wordsSECTION 235Chapter Vi.
33. Nevertheless. Not to dwell longer on the mystical as- pect of the subject. Even as himself. Not as much as he loves himself, but as being his very self. 1. Inthe Lord. The children being with their parents in the Lord, are to be influenced by religious duty as well as by natural affection. Right (déatov). Be…
662 wordsSECTION 236Chapter Vi.
Threatening (77 azrevrjv). Note the article, the threaten- ing customary from the master to the slave. Knowing. Since ye know. Your master also (juav abtav o xuptos). The correct read- ing is xal adTav Kai tuov 0 Kuptos both their master and yours. So Rev. Respect of persons. See on Jas. ii. 13 Col. iii. 25. 10.…
477 wordsSECTION 237Chv] The Epistle To The Ephesians. 407
In high places (év rois éwoupavious). Rev., more literally, in the heavenly places. Used in the general sense of the sky or aur. See on ch. ii. 2. 13. Wherefore. Because the fight is with such powers. Take unto you (dvaddBere). Lit., take wp, ag one takes up armor to put it on. So Rey. The whole armor. An interes…
691 wordsSECTION 238Chv] The Epistle To The Ephesians. 407
The breastplate covers the vital parts, as the heart. Cu. VL] THE EPISTLE TO THE EPHESIANS. 409 15. Preparation (érovwacig). Only here in the New Testa- ment. The Roman soldier substituted for the greaves of the Greek (metal plates covering the lower part of the leg) the caligae or sandals, bound by thongs over th…
672 wordsSECTION 239Chv] The Epistle To The Ephesians. 407
17. Take the helmet of salvation (THY Teptkeparatlay Tod aotnpiov déEao3e). Compare Isa. lix. 17; 1 Thess. v. 8. Take is a different word from that used in vv. 13,16. It is receive as from God. The meaning is the helmet which és salwation. The protection for the head. The helmet was originally of skin, strengthene…
491 wordsSECTION 240Chapter I.
1. Paul. The official designation is omitted, as in 1-and 2 Thessalonians and Philemon. It is not easy to explain the use or omission of the title apostle in all cases. Here, and in Phile- mon and 1 Thessalonians, its omission may be accounted for by the general, unofficial, personal, affectionate character of the …
731 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1887); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.