PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 6
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,371,720 words · 1335 reading sections
Section 961
111 MI. III. Ilhtstrations of these Scriptural Usaffes from Contemporary and Later Sources. — 1. Similar practices are noticed in the Apocrj-phal books : a. Weeping, fasting, rending clothes, sackcloth, ashes or earth on head (1 Mace, ii, 14; iii, 47; iv, 39; v, 14; xi, 71; xiii, 45; 2 Mace, iii, 19; x, 25; xiv, 15; …
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5. With the practices above mentioned, modern Ori- ental customs in great measure agree. D'Arvieux says Arab men are silent in grief, but the women scream, tear their hair, hands, and face, and throw earth or sand on their heads. The older women wear a blue veil and an old abba by way of mourning garments. They also si…
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MOURX VOS' MOUSE The art of inourning is only to be acquired by long practice, and regular professors of it are usually hired on the occasion of a death by the wealthier classes (Mrs. Poole, Ent/lishir. in Kt/ypt, ii, 100). Dr. Wolft" mentions the wailing over the dead in Abyssinia (.1 utobiog. ii, 273). rietro dell…
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It is likely that the Hebrews extended the accepta- tion of the word akbar in the same manner as was the familiar custom of the (Jrceks, and still more of the Romans, who included within their term mus insec- tivora of the genus sorex, that is "shrews;" carnivora, among which was the Mustila erminea, "stoat" or "er- mi…
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Mouth (prop. il2, /jeA ; Gr. 0761.10), besides its or- dinary applications, was used in the following idiomatic phrases by the Hebrews (see Gesenius, Heb. Lex. s. v.) : "Heavy-mouthed," that is, slow of speech, and so trans- lated in Exod. iv, 10; "smooth mouth" (Psa. xxvi, 28), that is, a flattering mouth ; so also " …
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Movable (and Immovable) Feasts. The feasts kept in the Christian Church are called movable and immovable, according as they fall, always on the same day in the calendar in each year, as the saints' days; or depend on other circumstances, as Easter, and the feasts calcidated from Easter. The Book of Common Prayer contai…
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MOYER • in MOZAMBIQUE tirelv eliminated from the Church and human memory. Pope Alexander VII annulled this condemnation in 166(3 ; but when the Parliament appealed from it as error and abuse, and the Sorbonne maintained its right to pass censure on the books, and forbade the Jesuits to teach any of Moya's maxims, th…
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CULON. Mozambique, a territory on the east coast of South Africa, nominally belonging to Portugal, and placed under a governor-general, although the actual possessions of Portugal consist only of a few stations, and her authority in the country is inconsiderable. It extends from Cape Delgado, in lat. 10= 41' S., to De…
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•\2 MOZARABIAX LITURGY centuries of possession the Portuguese content themselves with acting on the defensive, occupying the coast along the line of the Kiver Zambesi, and maintaining their influence in the countrt- by exciting the native powers against one another. The government of Jlozambiquc is even now in a most …
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2. With regard to the lessons, the evangelists in this liturgy are not entirely similar; thus the lesson con- taining the parable 'of the rich man and Lazarus is placed before Lent as a sort of admonition against the riotousness prevailing at that period. But a point of much greater importance is the fact that there we…
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MOZART ru MOZART in 17G4, and there, according to Holmes, "the boy ex- hibited liis talents before the royal family, and under- went more severe trials than any to which he had been before sul>jectcd, throu,t;li wliich he passed in a most triumphant maimer. So much interest did he excite in that country that the Hon…
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MOZART as MOZDARIANS fused to quit his emperor's side. His great opera of Idomeneo was composed in 1780, with a view to induce the family of Mademoiselle Constance Weber, after- wards his wife, to consent to the marriage, which they had declined on the ground that his reputation was not sufficiently established. Thi…
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Mozdarians, a heretical sect of the Mohamme- dans, followers of Isa ebn-Sobeih al-Mozdar, who held it MOZETTA VI G MUCKER possible for God to be a liar and unjust, pronounced as infidels those who took upon themselves the adminis- tration of public affairs, and condemned all who did not embrace his opinions as guilt…
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MUDGE 717 MUDO not even heard of each other. A class of religious en- thusiasts who originated under Stephen in Saxony, and then emigrated to this country, will be treated in the article Stephkmtks. See Zeitschrijl fur Ustorisclie Theolofiie, 1832 ; Hagenbach, Kirckengesch. vol. vii (•2d ed. 1872), Lect. xxvi. (J. H…
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Mudita, one of the five kinds of Bhawna or medi- tation in which the Buddhist priests are required to en- gage. The mudita is the meditation of joy, but it is not the joy arising from earthly possessions. It feels indifferent to individuals, and refers to all sentient be- ings. In the exercise of this mode of meditatio…
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MUFTI The Muezzin. of the singers, together with the simplicity and solem- nity of the melody, make a strikingly poetical impres- sion upon the mind of the hearer in the daytime; much more, however, is this the case whenever the sacred chant resounds from the height of the mosque through the moonlit stillness of an E…
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Muggleton. See Muggletonians. Muggletonians, a sect that arose in England about the year 1651, and of which the founders were John Reeve and Ludovic Muggleton (the latter born 1607, died 1697), both until 1651 obscure men. The former's pro- fession is not at all known, and he lived but a little while after their publi…
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See Chamberlain, Present State of England (1702), p. 258 ; Transact, of the Liverpool Lit. and Phil. Society, 1868-70; Stougliton, Eccles. Ilkt. of England (Ch. of the Restor.), ii, 208 ; Evans, Diet, of Sects, etc. ; Hunt, Religious Thought of England, i, 241. (J. H. W.) Muhle (or Jifuliliiis), Heisrich, a German the…
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j with the halter, because of his zealous attachment to the cause of the IJevolution, he found it necessary to \ tlce from the scene of danger. Disguised inider a blanket, and with a ride on his shoulder, he had nearly fallen into hostile hands tiirough tlie treachery of a ' Tory innkeeper, who had intentionally dire…
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winning the confidence of his instructors. The pious teachings of Dr. Oporin, who had kindly received him into his family and employed him as an amanuensis, exerted over him a most favorable influence, awakening in him a deeper insight into his own character, and a clearer apprehension of the plan of salvation. " By hi…
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preachinw the Word and administering the sacraments, introducing salutary discipline for the goveniment of the churches, and performing other kind services, in his desire to repair the waste places of Zion and promote the cause of genuine piety. The care of the churches rested upon him. lie had the confidence of the pe…
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MUHLHAUSEN 723 MULBERRY Miihlhausen, Jom-Tob, of. See Lipmann. Muhlius. See Muhl. Muis, SiJiKON iSI.VROTTE DE, a French Hebraist, was born' in 1587 at Orleans. Of his earlier personal history it is only known that he was canon and arch- deacon of Soissons. Four years after Cayet's death (1014) he was installed prof…
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" The tree alluded to in Scripture, whatever it is, must be common in Palestine, must grow in the neighborhood of water, have its leaves easily moved, and have a name in some of the cognate languages similar to the Hebrew baka. The only one answeruig to these conditions is that called bak by the Arabs, or rather shajra…
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MulcKber (i. e. the Softener), a surname of VtLCAN, the Koman god of fire. This euphemistic name of Mulciber is frequently applied to him by the Latin poets. Mulder, Isuael, a Jewish writer of note, and celc- bratcil also for his iiliilanthropic labors among his peo- ple, nourished in Holland in recent times. He died …
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MULIER-SUBINTRODUCTA V25 MULLER Representations of Mules on the Monuments. Fig. 1. Efcyptian Mules (paintins; from Thebes in British Museum). Fig. 2. Assyrian Mule carrying Nets, etc. (Sculpture in British Museum). Mules are represented on some of the ancient Assyr- ian bass-reliefs ; thej' are seen in procession, …
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Miiller, Adam Heinrich, a German statesman, noted for his efforts to give the secular laws a Christian basis, was born at Berlin June 30, 1779, and studied philosophj' at the University of Gottingen, where in 1800 he spoke publicly against the French Revolution. In his journeys in later years he came to Vienna, where h…
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Miiller, Georg Christian, a German theologian, was born in 1769 at ]\liilhausen; received his prepara- tory education at his native place, then went to the university at Halle; entered the ministry in 1814, and became pastor at Neumark, near Zwickau, where he died about 1830. His most noteworthy works are, Entwurf fine…
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Miiller, Johann Baptist, a celebrated German painter of sacred subjects, was born at Gerartsried, in Bavaria, and studied art at the Academy of Munich un- der Eberhard, and later under Hess. The latter he as- sisted in the frescos of the All Saints' Chapel, and paint- ed indepeudentlj' The Baptism of Christ. From 1842 …
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MUller, Johann Daniel, a German theologian, was born at Allendorf ISIay 22, 1721, and was educated at (i lessen, where he studied theology, philosophy, and ancient languages. In 1740 he was appointed rector at his native place, and acted at the same time as assistant minister of a church. In 17G8 he took the position o…
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Morghen : a St. Catharine, tcith two Angels, after Leo- faithful witness, wliose main object was to propagate principles akin to those of Herder, but in a more ortho- dox sense. His writings, which have mainly an apolo- getical value, are as follows. Philosophisclie Atijsdtze nardo da Vinci. See Nagler, A llgemeines …
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Miiller, Peter Erasmus, a Danish prelate, noted as a theological and antiquarian writer, was born at Copenhagen May 29, 1776. He studied at the univer- sity of that city, where in 1791 he passed his theologi- cal examination. He afterwards spent a year and a half at some of the German universities, and paid a visit of …
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/fr\ /i?^^^: ( f" -^ 1 \- ■'"■ '''''''^ Mummy Cases and Marble Sarcophagi. MUMMY 131 MUNDA COR MEUM and whitish, like dirtj' parchment. The bandaging, to which all the Egyptian mummies were subjected, was one of the most remarkable parts of the process. Their envelopes are composed of numerous linen bands, eac…
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Mumpsimus is a nickname given to persons ob- stinate in religious matters; used by Henry VIII in Parliament, and founded on a story, related by Pace, of a priest who refused to abandon the practice of saying "quod ore mumpsimus," on the plea that he could not give up the usage of thirty years for any correction. — Walc…
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Muniment Chamber, i. e. an Ecclesiastical Beg- igter-house or Treasunj, is a room used for the pres- ervation of charters, fabric and matriculation rolls, terriers, and registers. At Salisbury it is detached, on the south side of the cathedral. At Chichester it was over a chapel of the transept, dedicated to the Four A…
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Chron. xxvi, 15 ; Dio Cass. Ixvi, 41). Also by skilfully, managed sorties, which were disguised by mines (Jose- phus, Ant. xiv, 16, 2; War, v, 11, 4, etc.), they strove (especially by burning the siege-works) to break the siege (1 Mace, vi, 3 ; Josephus, War, v, 6, 6 ; 11, 5 ; vi'., 6, 4), and for this purpose they wat…
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Munkhouse, Piciiard, D.D., an English divine of some note, llourished near the opening of this centu- ry. He was vicar of Waketield, and died about 1811. He was noted as a pulpit orator, but his sermons, of which several series have been published (Lond. 1799, 8vo; 1802, 8vo; Twentij-sLv Occns. Discourses, 1805, 3 vols…
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Munsey, Thojias K., a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, was born in Giles County, Va., Sept. 7, 1816. He was converted and joined the Church ■when eighteen years old, and had a strong desire to en- ter the ministry at once, but his education was so lim- ited that he found it necessary to prepare himsel…
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MUNSTER V: his notes are generally approved, though he dwells a little too long upon the comments of the rabbins. For this version he received the appellation of " the Ger- man Esdras :" — Grammatica Chaldaica (4to) : — Dictio- lutrium Cliahldicum non tarn ad Chaldaicos interpretes, gucim (ul Rubbinoi-iim intdliijenda…
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Munthe, Caspar Friedkich, a Danish scholar noted for his researches in the original of the N. T. Scriptures, flourished at Copenhagen as professor of Greek in the first half of the 18th century. He died in 1762. He wrote, Observationes philolngicce in Macros Xovi Testamenti Libios, ex Diodoro Siculo colkctm (Co- penh. …
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VI.— A A A fied with his subordinate position as preacher of St. ]\Iary's, succeeded in being appointed to the church of St. Catharine. Here, in connection with a master of arts. Loner, he excited the people against a priest of Marienthal, Nicholas Hofer, who had openly attacked him. Hofer was obliged to seek safety i…
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1525, and the insurgents were completely defeated ; ac- cording to some accounts they lost five tnousand men, according to others seven thousand. Frankenhausen was taken and plundered. Jliinzer, discouraged, hid iu a bed, feigning to be sick. He would have escaped, but a soldier having found in his travelling-bag a let…
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^39 MURATORI Romani Imperii usque ad annum 1500 (1738-42, 0 vols, fol.). " I have treated first," says the author in his pref- ace, " of the kings, dukes, marquises, counts, and other magistrates of the Italian kingdom ; after which I have investigated the various forms of the political govern- ment, and also the man…
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Murcot, John, an English divine of some note, was born near the opening of the 17th century, and was educated at the University of Oxford. He wrote largely, and yet but little is known of his personal his- tory. He died in 1G54. His most important writings were collected and published as Theolo(j. Treatises (1G57, 4to)…
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The duty of executing punishment on the murderer is in the Law expressly laid on the " revenger of blood ;" but the question of guilt was to be previously decided by the Levitical tribunal. A strong bar against the licence of private revenge was placed by the provision which required the concurrence of at least two wit…
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granted the clergy for murder committed, and the price fixed at $20 to the dean, and f 55 to a bishop or abbot (see Barnum, Romanism, p. 5G6). Statisticians have prepared comparative lists of the crime of murder com- mitted in Roman Catholic and Protestant countries. We insert here one of these, as these statistics exl…
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Murdock, David, D.D., a Presbyterian divine, was born in the village of Eonhill, in Diimbartonsliire, Scotland, in 1801. His father was a stone-cutter, who often labored with the friends of Hugh Miller. David possessed indomitable energy, and obtained for himself a thorough and accomplished education. He graduated at G…
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MURILLO '43 MURNER Murillo, Bartolome Estkbax, the Titian of Spanish art, was born Jan. 1, 1G18, at Pilas, a small hamlet about five leagues from Seville. Developing at an early age a wonderful proficiency in drawing, he was placed under the instruction of his maternal un- cle, Juan del Castillo, a distinguished his…
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Muriniuth (or Merimuth), Adaji, an English divine of note, flourished in the second half of the 14th century successively as canon and prebend of St. Paul's, canon of Exeter, and prebend of Lincoln. He died about 1380. He published Chronica in Temporibus in two parts (pt. i, 1303-6; pt. ii, 1336-80). See AUibone, Diet,…
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Murphy, James, D.D., a minister of the (Dutch) Reformed Church, was born near Khinebeck, N, Y., in 1788; graduated at New Brunswick Theological Semi- nary, 1H14 ; and was pastor of several Reformed church- es, chietly in the valley of the ilohawk and in Herkimer County, N. Y, ; and died in 1857 at Frankfort, where he w…
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I notice of the Rev, Dr. Baini. of IMinburgli. This learn- I ed gentleman interested himself in Murray, and his sub- MURRAY sequent progress was made comparatively easy. In the course of two years he obtained a bursary, or exhibition, in the University of Edinburgh ; and never relaxing in his pursuit of knowledge, h…
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Murray, Daniel, a noted Roman Catholic prelate, was born in Ireland in 1768, and educated at Salaman- ca, where he was ordained priest in 1790. He filled va- rious eminent positions in the Church, and finally was elevated to the archbishopric of Dublin in 1823. Dur- ing the agitation for Roman Catholic emancipation in …
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port, Providence, Boston, Portsmouth, Norwich, and oth. er places in New England. In tiloucester, Mass., where, in December, 1774, he had fixed his residence, whence " to go, a preacher of the Gospel," he was falsely repre- sented as a papist, and as a secret emissary of lord North, sent out to the rebellious colonies …
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Murray, John (2), an Irish Presbyterian minister, was born at Antrim Maj' 22, 1742. He was educated at the university in Edinburgh, and then migrated to this country (1763), and settled first as pastor in Phila- delphia in 17GG; removed to Boothbay, Me., in 1767, and remained there until 1779, when he settled as pas- t…
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MURRAY ^48 MURTIA WT-itinirs having been translated into nearly all the liv- ' ing languages of the day. They jiresent the history of j the writer's progress from Komanism to Protestantism, and examine the reasons for not adhering to the Church of Rome. Luminous and sound in their expositions of j truth, they not on…
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Murray, Richard, D.D., an Irish divine of some note, flourished near the opening of this centurv- at Dub- lin, He is the author of A n Introduction to the Study of the Apocalypse, to which was added A Br-ief Outline of Prophetic History, from the Babylonish Captivity to the Commencement of (he \Wi Century (Dublin, 1826…
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Musaus, Johann, a Lutheran divine, was born at Langenwiesen, in Thuringia, February 7, 1013. His early education he received from his father, who was the minister of that place. Having been duly prepared at the gymnasium of Amstadt, he went to Erfurt and Jena, where he first studied philosophy and humani- ora, and afte…
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Musculus, "Wolfgang. See Meisel. Museia, a festival with contests celebrated in honor of the iNIuses every fifth year at Thespiic, in lioeotia, See Gardner, Faiths of the World, p. 499. Muserni, an atheistical sect among the Mohamme- dans who endeavored to conceal from all except the in- itiated their gross denial of…
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MUSGRAVE 751 MUSIC other sciences now form a chief part of the treasures of many of the greatest museums, and there are museums devoted to particular branches of science. Of the mu- seums of Britain, the Britisli Museum is the great- est; that of Oxford, founded in 1G79, is the oldest. The museum of the Vatican, in …
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The first mention of music in the times after the Deluge is in the narrative of Laban's interview with Jacob. Moses has recorded words of Laban, the father- in-law of Jacob, from which it appears that instruments of various kinds were already in use among the ancient family beyond the Euphrates from which the Hebrews s…
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[ patronage of art, and obtaining a reputation himself as no mean composer (1 Kings iv, 32). I But the Temple was the great school of music, and it , was consecrated to its highest service in the worship of Jehovah. Before, however, the elaborate arrange- I ments had been made by David for the Temple choir, j there mus…
903 wordsSource & rights
Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.