PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 8
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,493,014 words · 1487 reading sections
Section 901
The better rabbins did their best to guard against these evils. Anxious to exclude all unworthy converts, they grouped them, according to their motives, with a somewhat quaint classification : "1. Love-proselytes, where they were drawn by the hope of gaining the beloved one. (The story of Svllseus and Sidonie [Josep…
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II. Debatable Questions.— The points of interest which present themselves for inquiry are the following: 1. The Classification of Proselytes.— The whole Jew- ish state was considered as composed of the two classes — Jews, and strangers within their gates, or proselytes. In later years this distinction was observed eve…
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idea." says bishop Toniline. " proselyte- were iho-e. and those oni\ , w ho took upon ihem.-elvc- the obligal ion of the whole Mosaic law, but retained that name till thev PROSELYTE 661 PROSELYTE were admitted into the congregation of the Lord as I adopted children. Gentiles were allowed to worship | and offer sac…
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(2.) The negative argument drawn from the silence of the Old Test., of the Apocrypha, of Philo, and of Jo- sephus, is almost decisive against the belief that there was in their time a baptism of proselytes with as much importance attached to it as we find in the Talmudists. (3.) It remains probable, however, that ther…
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t I.) The history of the Xew Test, itself suggests the existence of such a custom. A sign is seld chosen unless it already has a meaning f<>r those to whom it is addressed. The fitness of the sign in this case would be iii proportion to the associations already connected with it. It would bear witness on the assumpti…
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PKOSEUCHA 663 PKOSEUCHA large their borders and increase their numbers, but to give to all the world the great truths to establish which Christ came into the world in the form of man and suffered death upon the cross. It is, moreover, be- cause of the direct command given by the Saviour of mankind that Christians fe…
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That there really were such places of devotion among the Jews is unquestionable. They were mostly outside those towns in which there were no synagogues, because the laws or their administrators would not admit any. This was, perhaps, particularly the case in Roman cities and colonies (and Philippi, where this circumsta…
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the hanks of rivers for their oratories, and ibis point of agreement i- one of the grounds on which we are pro- ceeding. But ii will hold equally good, whether the Israelitish captives billowed, in this, the example of whom Prosper names a- adversaries of Si. Augustine were, like Cassian. Semi -Pelagians. The heroics …
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Prosperity, the state wherein things succeed ac- cording to our wishes, and are productive of affluence and ease. However desirable prosperity be, it has its manifest disadvantages. It too often alienates the soul from God, excites pride, exposes to temptation, har- dens the heart, occasions idleness, promotes effemina…
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PROSTITUTE GGG PROTAGORAS bidden by the Mosaic law, especial prohibition was laid upon [sraelitish women from hiring themselvi - as pros- titutes ( Lev. xix. 29; comp, xxi, 9); and. with special reference to the Phoenicians, they were forbidden to abandon themselves to the use of men | Deut xxiii. 17). The "hire of …
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( Ihurch ( 1 Cor. v. 1 "sip ; 2 ( !or. xii. 21 : 1 Thess. iv. :i ; 1 Tim. i. lid. The apostolic decree in Acts xv. 20, 29 ( comp. xxi, 25), which has often been denounced as not genuine (Deyling, Obseiv. ii. 469 sip; Kuinol, Comment, p. ,'i21 Sq.), was Sufficiently called for by the character of the limes (comp. Tholuc…
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Writings. — From the list of the writings of Protagoras, which Diogenes Laertius (ix, 55) doubtless borrowed from one of his Alexandrine authorities (he describes them as still extant, tori to. awZi'ifiti'a ai<Tov fiijiXla Tavra : comp. Welcker's account of Prodicus, in his Kleine Schriflen, ii, 447, 405), and which he…
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It is not every pleasure, but only pleasure in the beautiful, to which Protagoras, in the dialogue which bears his name (p. 351, h), allows moral worth ; and he refers virtue to a certain sense of shame (aiSwc) im- planted in man by nature, and a certain conscious feel- ing of justice (Siicri), which are to serve the p…
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Protasof, Ambrose, a Russian prelate, distin- guished by a talent of oratory unusual in the Russian Church, was born in 1769 at Moscow, lie became a monastic at twenty-five, ami was made archimandrite of a monastery near St. Petersburg ; subsequent]} rector of the seminary of that capital, and in 1804 was elevated to t…
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Protestant Church of Jerusalem. See Je- Protestant Confessions. See Confessions. Protestant Episcopal Church. This is the legal title of one portion of the Church of Christ which has its local habitation in the United States of Amer- ica. The first part indicates its position relatively to the Roman Catholic Church, …
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PROTESTANT EPISC. CHURCH G70 PROTESTANT EPISC. CHURCH faith of Christ, and t<> educate them in accordance with this faith, Mr. G. Thorpe, a man of good parts and breeding, was appointed head ol the new institution, ami it was confidently hoped and expected that the red men would ere long b< come ( Ihristians aud membe…
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of the Church, he conceived the' noble idea of founding the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, and that for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts. lie latter was chartered in June, 1701, the former in 1698. Early in March, 1700, I>r. Bray arrived in Mary- land, and entered at once with zeal and diligen…
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of Talbot, Beach, and others, that of Dr. T. B. Chandler, of Elizabethtown, must ever be held in grateful mem- ory by churchmen. The Protestant Episcopal Church has always been comparatively strong in New Jersey. Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn in 1081- 8-2. and. so far as religion was concerned, was tolerant …
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From ibis time onward, however, owing to the un- wearied and judicious efforts of the Society for Propa- gating the ( rospel, something began to be accomplished. in despite of penal enactments and hitler, uncompro- mising hatred. Missionaries were sent out to various points in New England, as well as the other colonies…
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it may here be slated thai down to the outbreak "I tb. Revolution, the Society for Propagating the Cos- pel maintai 1. on an average, thirty clergymen in the New England slates, and about fifty in the other col- onies. » in.- list of churches w hich was sent home by a missionary in 1748 makes the number in New Hamp- …
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The order has existed among us for nearly the half of a century, and not a single complaint has been heard, ei- ther of usurpation to the injury of any other denomi- nation, or of arbitrary government within our own." Organization and union, as far as practicable, were now of first importance. It was no new thing for t…
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the several states.- hut. happily, the point was conceded. though with some reluctance, by the Connecticut hi sh- op and clergy in 1789. (hie oiler point of difference existed at the time. The Connecticut sentiment was decidedh in favor of securing a bishop first, and then ! to act as a fully organized. Church, in pass…
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and to various features in the "Ecclesiastical Consti- tution," as it was then arranged. Renewed and dis- tinct assurances were expected from the American Church that there was no intention whatever on its part of departing from the Church of England in doc- trine, or in discipline and worship, except in so far as chan…
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PROTESTANT EPISC. CHURCH C7G PROTESTANT EPISC. CHURCH cation of the Holy Spirit, as round in the iir-t Prayer- book ol Edward Vl.and also in the Scotch Communion Service. This was due mainly to bishop Seabury, who was under something of a pledge to the Scotti ops to secure this change, if possible. The meekness and wi…
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day. and the Methodist ministers almost Certainly can- not be brought to acknowledge the obligation of being ordained by our bishops in order to officiate in our churches, we apprehend that there never has been any real probability of bringing the Methodists to a sense ..i the duty and propriety of becoming reunited t.…
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sore trial and despondency is equally true. There was unhappily in the early part of the century a lack of thorough education in Church principles; there were the prevalence of sectarianism, jealousy felt by the various Protestant denominations, the sleepless enmity of the Roman Church towards the Protestant Epis- copa…
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The act inn of the General < 'on vent ion. from this time onward, lias been devoted to legislating for the best in- terests of the Church, and as far as possible to baking such stops as arc calculated, under God's blessing, to promote the increase of faith and holy obedience, to guard against the intrusion of error and…
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truth and power to heathen lands and peoples. From lliis date the (lunch seems t0 have experienced more fully than before the goodness and mercy of Cod in Sending his -race upon ii. and to have given plain indi- cations of healthy increase in the various parts of our country.— Following the uniform plan, adopted under …
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forty thousand dollars in aid of his much-cherished ob- ject. He returned home in July, 1824, and during the next two years was busily engaged in laying the foun- dation of Kenyon College and the Theological Semina- ry at Gambier (both names being derived from prom- inent donors to the cause). In due time the college w…
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mon good ; but, practical!} . in all such matters he main- tained his ground as stoutly as any High-Churchman ever did. He held steadily to the opinion that the Protestanl Episcopal Church was much better off by keeping to itself in all ecclesiastical affairs, ami that it was entirely inexpedient to form unions or alli…
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Mcllvaiue. and Hopkins c merited upon it in public, and with much severity of language, [n January, 1844, bishop Onderdonk addressed a pastoral letter to his diocese, in which he protested against the course adopt- ed by the above bishops, and called for a trial, if they saw lit to initiate it. A trial, accordingly, w…
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tions pledging support to the government were adopt- ed; and a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer was observed, October 8, 1862, in view "of the present af- flictive condition of the country." At the next con- vention, however, held in Philadelphia, October, 1865, the Church was entirely reunited ; harmony and con…
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eported by the joint committee, the lower house did not succeed in coming to any agreement as to this canon. Ii was attempted to postpone indefinitely the whole matter, but without success. The favorers of ritualism endeavored to get the convention committed to some action in accordance with their views; the opponents…
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was rather exult ine.lv proclaimed in a letter to the A"</'' York Tribune, by Dr. John Henry Hopkins (just after the convention of 1*77 had adjourned', that the result of the war against the Bystem, of which he i- one of the ablest advocates, " is victory all along the line for the ritualistic advance, and that this …
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minent danger of death." Questions touching the facts of any case named in the former part of the canon are to be referred to the bishop, and he is required to make inquiry such as he deems expedient, and to deliver his judgment in the premises. At the same convention 1 1*77 ), an effort was made to have the Table of P…
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The ••Cheney case." as it has been called, may prop- erly be dealt with in this connection, especially a- Mr. Cheney has become quite prominent in the schismatical body w hich Dr. ( lummins originated. The case, in sub- stance, is as follows: The Rev. C. E. < Iheney, of Christ's Church. Chicago, 111., having mutilated …
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PROTESTANT EPISC. CHURCH 685 PROTESTANT EPISC. CHURCH the General Convention for its approval. Nothing in this canon shall be construed as forbidding any federate council from taking such action as they may deem neces- sarv to secure such legislative enactments as the common interests of the Church in the state may re…
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"Aut. VI. The Board of Managers is intrusted with placed under episc laws which it mfli mentand for the g alwetw that, in rel o enact' all by- * own govern- ttees: provided eses and mis- shall be made tit gross to such dioceses and mis-ionary jurisdictions, to be disbursed by the local authorities thereof. The board…
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At the close of the convention of 1877 a joint resolu- tion was adopted, which is worthy of being quoted in this connection, inasmuch as it shows the spirit and de- sire of this Church in regard to the very important as well as difficult subject of public-school education : /. That it is the solemn conviction of this …
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limits of the larger and more populous states. "Art. I. There shall he a General Convention ofthe Protestant Episcopal Church in the United states of America on the first Wednesday in October in every third year, from the year of our I. mil one thousand eight hundred and forty-one, and in such place a- shall he de- t…
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"In case one diocese shall be divided into two or more dioceses, the diocesan of the diocese divided may elect the one to which he will be attached, aud shall thereupon become the diocesan thereof; and the assistant bishop, if there be one, may elect the one to which he will be at- tached; and if it be not the one elec…
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The laws which regulate Church affairs are contained in the " Digest of the Canons for the Government of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States," as passed and adopted in the general conventions from 1859 to 1877. The canons are arranged in the most method- ical and approved style of legal enactments ; th…
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Protestant Episcopal Church of Ireland. Until 1*71 this body formed an integral part of the United Church of England and Ireland. It is still call- ed by a majority of its members the Church of Trt land. Its official title is ■• The Irish Church." Of the lirst introduction of Christianity into Ireland we have written …
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Perhaps no other Church in Christendom was so much influenced by the Wesleyan revival of religion. The evangelical leaven imparted at that time, assist- ed by an intense antipathy to Romanism, has spread through the whole Church, so that ritualistic and Broad-Church elements are almost unknown within its bounds. This f…
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the bishop, who. if he decline to institute the nominee, must give him. if so required, his reasons in writing for so declining. Bishops are nominated by the diocesan sy Is. anil confirmed by the Bench of Bishops. The disestablished Church has already taken advan- tage of its freedom to revise carefully the Book of ( …
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degree.-. The h.iard of Trinity College has also lately provided that any Christian Church of the land may establish a theological faculty alongside that of the Protestant Episcopal Church. the Protestantentag, were held ami all business of the body was transacted. At present the headquarters of the Union are at Berl…
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Romanists charge against Protestantism that its re- sistance of dogmatism makes it synonymous with scep- ticism (q. v.) and unbelief. This is very unfair. Prot- estantism reposes implicitly on what it believes to be the divine authority of the inspired writers of the books of Holy Scripture; whereas scepticism and un- …
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ce, in the field of political action, and in every work where self-reliance and personal force are called for, as would he impossible under the opposite system. In the period immediately following the Reformation Bignal proofs wen- afforded of this truth. The littlestates of Holland, for example, proved their ability t…
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people are incapable of Belf-guidance, and that to give them the reins in civil affairs would imperil the stability of ecclesiastical control. To this reasoning it is often re- plied by advocates ofihe Koinan Catholic system that Protestantism opens a door to boundless tyranny by halv- ing the temporal power without an…
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| duke of Austria, and other popish princes, decreed that in the countries which had embraced the new religion it should be lawful to continue in it till the meeting of a council, but that no Roman Catholic should be al- lowed to turn Lutheran, and that the reformers should deliver nothing in their sermons contrary to …
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'•Know then, sir, that when I >ay the religion of Prot- estants is in prudence to be preferred before yours, on the one side, I do not understand by your religion the doc- trine of Bellarmine, or Barunius, or any oilier private man among you, nor the doctrine of the Sorbonne, of the Jesuits, or of the Dominicans, or of…
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arc accepted in the main by the Met hodi-ts. by nio-l of the Episcopalians, and by many in other den illations. The Socinians denied that i be doctrines of the Trinity, the atonement, and the proper deity of Jesus Christ were to be found in the Bible. They thus revived the views of the earlier Aria ns. while at the s…
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ProthSsis (1), a small altar in Greek churches cor- responding to the credence table. The name is taken from the shew -bread, which was called 7) TrpuStaig tCjv cipriiiv — the setting- out of the loaves. (2.) A small side-altar in a Clugniac church, on the epistle side, at which the ministers of the allar, on Sundays a…
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over the other members of chapters. They .iolel talari inn. with the maul let of the same color. Iii ile performance of Church functions they are permitted i he ring, but without jewel. Wetzer u.Welte, KirchenrLexikon, s. v. PROTOTYPE Protopapas i- the archpriesl in the Creek Church who siaii 1- on the left hand of…
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Protracted Meetings. Sec Revival. Proud, Joseph, an English minister of the New Jerusalem Church, who was bom in the second half of the last century, is noted as the author of several of the ablest polemics ever issued by the Church of which he was a much esteemed member. He died about 18G0. His works are: Reply to Dr…
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Proudhon, Pierre Joseph, a noted French social- ist, was born of humble parents, July 15, 1809, at Besan- con. After a rudimentary education, he engaged in printing, and soon became an author — especially of an Essai (l< Grammaire Generale, for which he received a PROVENDER 698 PROVE! I n pension. In 1840 he publis…
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Proverb. "'^- mash il, rendered in the A. V. "by- word," "parable," "proverb" (irapa(So\ii, 7rapot/«'o), expresses all and even more than i- conveyed by these il > English representatives. It is derived from a root ~'~'l. mashdl, -to he likef' (Arab, mathala, t. ble"), and the primary idea involved in it i- thai of li…
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Proverbs, Book of, the 20th book of the Old Test., according to the arrangement of the English Bible, where it is placed between the Psalms and Ec- clesiastes, doubtless from its presumed relation to the other works of Solomon ; and in the Hebrew Bible it likewise follows the Psalms as part of the Kethubim, or Hagiogra…
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PROVERBS roo PROVERBS xxxii. 31 ; Job xxxiii, 23; l-a. sliii, 27) ; ot again, as by Delitzsch (Der Prophet flubukuk, p. 59), a brilliant or splendid saying " Glatiz- oder Wohlrede, oratio splen- itis, luminibus ornate? I. This last interpreta- tion is based upon the usage of the word in modern He- brew, but il certa…
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wisdom, imt fully completed, hut running oil' into par- ticulars (i. 8 iii i. (2) an exhaustive enumeration of the particular point- of his admonili.ni (iv, 1 vi, 29), until nil the discourse, gradually rising in power and grandeur, at last attains an almost lyrical flight (vi, Jn ix). According to Delitzsch (in Herzog…
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Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.