PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 8
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,493,014 words · 1487 reading sections
Section 601
end. make an end. ( > Lord ! < lome, Lord .lesiis ! come. ( ie, come quickly ! Lead my soul out of darkness." See \.S. Posner, JDer treui Zeugi Gottes, wetland Pastor mi di r lconigl. Strafanstalt zu Sagan ; I on i /'/" m Fi eunde (Schreiberschau, 1851, 2d ed.); and the biography pre- pared h\ a brother ol the deceas…
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The symptoms recorded of individual daemoniacs agree with those which are noticed in diseases of the kinds mentioned above. (<i.) On Matt, xvii, 15, comp. Paul. JEgin. iii, 13, where he speaks of a morbus comi- tialis, in which the whole body is convulsed; which affects chiefly boys, sometimes young men; and in which t…
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POSSEVIXO 442 POSSEDIUS 1583, married in 1585 Gunilla Bjelke, who became for rans what the former queen had been for the CathoKcs. Slum afterwards Possevino was sen! on a similar er- rand to Poland and Russia. The czar, Ivan Vasili- vitch II (1533 1584), called the Terrible, had vastly aggrandized his empire in al…
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Possidius, St., a prelate of the early Eastern Church, flourished at tin- close of tin- lib and the com- mencement et the 5th century, lie was a disciple of St. Augustine, and lived on intimate terms with him all bis life, i In being raised in 397 to the > piscopal si e of ('alamo, a town in Numidia, ai uo great distan…
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Post {stationary) is the rendering in the A. V. of the following words: 1. ?^X, ayil (Sept. rb aiSpiov, Vulg. frons), proper- ly a ram (as in Gen. xv, 9, and often) ; hence perhaps a pilaster or buttress (Ezek. xl, 9-49; xli, 1,3; "lin- tel," 1 Kings vi, 31). In the Sept. it is sometimes left untranslated (a'i\, alXsv…
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Post, Henry Albeitson, a Presbvterian minis- ter, was horn in Brooklyn, X. Y.. Sept.* 2, 1835. He received a careful parental training, enjoyed all the ad- of the academies of New England, and grad- uated at the New York Free Academy, lie studied theology in the Union Seminary. New York, and sub- sequently in the Prin…
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considered more a fool than a heretic. He afterwards lived in Genoa and Basle. Beza asserts that Postel offered to abjure his errors and to enter one of the Protestant communities, which seems doubtful. It appears that in 1553 he was a teacher of mathematics at Dijon, when his obnoxious opinions compelled him again to …
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ensium (Basle, 1543, 8vo; Leipsic, 1591, 8vo, with the notes of John Frederick Hekelius) : — Alcorani seu legis Mahometi et evangelistarum concordice libi r ( Paris, 15-13, 8vo) : — Sacrarum apodexeon, seu Euclid-is Christiani libri ii (ibid. 1543): — IV librorum de orbis terra Con- cordia primus (ibid. 8vo) : — De rat…
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Post-Millennialists, the name applied to the large body of Christians belonging to all denominations who believe thai the second coming of Christ will not precede, as the Pre-MiUennialista allege, but follow after the Millennium I q. v. I. Post-Pridie (or the Collectio post Mysti rii m or Post Secketa, as it is called…
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to. may be contested during the di-cu-.-ion. and is only established by its conformity with all oilier ideas on the subject. Postulation CLat. i.e. an ashing) is a term in ec- clesiastical law designating a presentation or recom- mendation addressed to the superior to whom the riglll of appointment to any dignity bel…
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The following are the words so rendered in the Eng- lish Bible : 1. T^CX, usuk (Sept. dyytiov), applied to holding oil (2 Kings iv, 2), probably was an earthen jar, deep and narrow, without handles, apparently like the Roman and Egyptian amphora, inserted in a stand of wood or stone (see Wilkinson, inc. Egypt, i, 47; …
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age. The arguments which they employ to demon- strate this last position are founded upon the second title of the Epistola ml Athanasium as given above, but this title Galland, Schonemann, and others hold to be the blunder of an ignorant transcriber. The S will he found in Galland, and the discussions with re- gard to …
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Pothinus, St., a prelate of the Church in the 2d century, who died a martyr, was probably born at Smyrna in A.D. 87. He was a disciple neither of Pe- ter nor of John, as some writers have asserted, but of Polyearp, bishop of Smyrna. He went to Rome with the latter while Anicetus was bishop of Rome, in 158, and was sent…
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Potiph'erah (Heb. Poli-phera, 5^2 "•a'lB), the priest of On, or Heliopolis, whose daughter Asenath be- came the wife of Joseph (Gen. xli, 45, 50; xlvi, 20). B.C. cir. 1880. The name is Egyptian, and is in the Sept. accommodated to the analogy of the Egyptian language, being in the Cod. Vatican. JltTtcppii ; Alex. POTI…
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Potsherd (-~n. cheres, from the root C*n, to scrape or scratch; Sept. oarpaKOV ; Vulg. testa, vas fictile; "sherd" in two places, once '-stone.'" often •■earthen vessel" ). a hit of pottery ware (.lob ii, 8), is 6guratively used in Scripture to denote a tiling worth- less and insignificant (Psa. xxii. 15; Prov. xxvi. 2…
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Izt. POTTER 452 POTTER Modern Egyptian Potters. of a wooiien disk placed on another larger and turned by the hand by an attendant, or worked by a treadle | Isa. xlv, 9; Jer. xviii, :>; Ecclus. xxxviii, 29, 30; see Tennant, Ceylon, i. 452). The vessel was then smoothed and coated with a glaze, and finally burned i…
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Potter, Alonzo, D.D.. LL.D., bishop of the Prot- estant Episcopal Church, was born in the town ol Beek- man (now La Grange), Dim less t lounty, N. V.. duly 6, sign his rectorship in 1831. No rector was ever more deeply loved h\ the people of his charge, or mourned with a deeper sorrow when he left them. Taken in all i…
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most unerring, and his habits of thought remarkable for justness and accuracy. His gifts of imagination were subordinate to the intuitive and logical faculty. He never sought to produce illusions by the pomp of words, but to generate convictions by the power of argument and illustration. But it was the singular probity…
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Potter, Francis, an English divine, was born in 1594 al Myre, in Wiltshire, and was educated al Trinity College, Oxford. He took holy orders, and. after suc- cessively filling various preferments, became in 1637 rec- tor of KUmington. He died in 1678. He was a man of learning and mechanical ingenuity. He published, .•i…
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statement of Matthew (xxvii, 7), was purchased by the priests with the thirty pieces of silver rejected by Judas, and converted into a burial-place for Jews no) belong- ing to the oily. In the narrative of the Act- (i, IS. 19) the purchase is made by .hulas himself, and neither the potter's field, its connection with t…
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Potts, George, D.D., an eminent Presbyterian divine, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 15, 1802. In his father's family he enjoyed some of the best oppor- tunities for forming his mind and heart. These were derived not only from parental counsels and instructions, but also from the frequent presence in his father's …
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Pouget, Bertrand de, a French cardinal, was born in 1280 at Le Pouget, now the commune of Aynac If we may believe Villain and Petrarch, it was rumored in Italy thai he was the natural -on of pop,' John XXII, who was born in the same diocese (Cahors) ; other- af- firm that the pope was his uncle. A simple deacon of Cast…
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Poulle, Nicolas - Louis, a French preacher, was born Feb. 10, 1703, at Avignon. He was destined to the magistracy, and studied law. But he did not allow those grave pursuits to interfere with his poetical tastes, and presented at the Jeux Floraux several poems which were crowned. Towards 1735 he received orders, and fr…
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POUSSINES 458 POVERTY been compared with colored bass-reliefs, a term not in- expressive of his Btyle, His peculiar leaning to this sculpturesque treatment may in some measure be ex- plained by his close intimacy with his friend Duques- noy, the sculptor, known as Flammingo: they lived in the same houst together at …
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POVERTY, Monastic The Roman Catholic Church exacts of its monastic orders, besides other privations, that of absolute abandonment of worldly possessions. See Moxasticism. To a certain extent this obligation was recognised even from the tirst origin ofMonasticism : but it was enforced with far greater strictness than b…
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POVERTY, Voluntary. See Poverty, Monastic. Powell, Baden, an Anglican divine, noted rather as a scientitic student than as a theologian, was the son of a London merchant, and was born at Stamford Hill, near London, Aug. 22, 1796. He studied at Oriel Col- lege, Oxford, where he graduated M.A., with first-class mathemat…
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POWELL 4G0 POWER tudes (1860), Preface; Young, Science Elucidated by Scriplurt (1863, fcp. 8vo); G Lwin, American Theol- ogy | 18 il i, p. 138 : t %i istian !:■ m mbrancer, July, 1861 ; Brit. Quar. Rev. Nov. 1864; London Reader, 1865, i. 77: Joum. of Speculative Philosophy, vol. xxxii ; Chris- Han I caminer, June to…
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Powell, William Samuel, an English divine of remarkable ability, was born at Colchester Sept. '27, 1717; was admitted to St. John's College. Cambridge, in 1734; and. having taken the degree of bachelor of arts in 17.!.s |i. was elected fellow of it in March, 17-10. In 1741 he was taken into the family of lord Towns- he…
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Powers of the Mind are those faculties by which we think, reason, judge, etc. See God ; Soul. " They are so various," says Dr. Reid, " so many, so connected and complicated in most of their operations, that there never has been any division of them proposed which is not liable to considerable objections. The most com-…
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philosophical sense; and this I take to 1 tr firs! no- ii i these three things" (Reid, Correspondence, p. 77,78). "The liability of a thing to he influenced by a cause is called passivt power, or more properly susceptibility; while the efficacy of the cause is called activi power. Heat has the power of melting wax; …
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Powtai is the name of a Chinese divinity signify- ing contentment. Poya the day on which the moon changes, which is held sacred among the Buddhists. They reckoned POYDRAS 463 PRACTICAL THEOLOGY four poya days in each month. 1. The day of the new moon. ' 2. The eighth day from the time of the new moon. 3. The day o…
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Pracrat is, in the Indian mythology, one of the revelations of divinity as the supreme original being, and especially as the cause of all phenomena of change in the visible world. Pracrat is the essence of the three gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva; he is three- colored, because he is creative like Brahma (red) ; con- ser…
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(liturgies, with hymnology and sacred mU8ic and li.tuii- letics), the superintendence of the spiritual interests of individuals (cure of souls), and the direction of the dock (the pastoral office); while the organization of the Church, and the entire sy.-tcm of Church law, by which the activity, whether of the indiv…
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Pradt, Dominique Dufour de, a F.rench prelate and diplomatist, was born at Allanches, in Auvergne, April 23, 1759. He studied for some time at the mili- tary school, but gave the preference to the ecclesiastical career, and gained in 178(5 the degree of doctor of the- ology. Cardinal de la Rochefoucauld, archbishop of …
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Praefatio is, in the mass, the prayer which imme- diately precedes the canon, an exhortation to thankful- ness, commencing with the words " Sursum corda." In the Gothic or Mozarabic liturgy the praefatio is called Lllatio ; in the Gallican, Imnwlatio and Coniestatio. It is also called Hymnus Angelicus. Originally there…
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abolition of the Btatute of pnemiu in e< I ■ Nov. 1869). Praepositivus, PiETRO,an Italian theologian, who flourished near the opening of the 13th century, was a native of Cremona, taught theology in the Bchools of Paris, nnd was at the close of 1206 chancellor of r>., church ot Notre Dame. I,, [209 we find Jean de Ca…
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1. As to the passages in the Gospels referred to above, tradition distinguishes the judgment- hall of Pilate, which is pointed out in the lower city (Korte, Reisen, p. 75 ; Troilo, p. 234 sq.), from the palace of king Herod ; and others have believed (as Rosenmiiller, Alterth. II. ii. 228) that the procurator took up h…
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ru.KToinr.M 4G8 JMLKTOIIU'M when the despotic authority of the Roman officers might be exercised ^^ 1 1 1 1 moderation. Rut Buch a Btate <it things also afforded constant opportunities to an un- principled Boldiei i" extort money under the pretence of a loan, as the price of exemption from pers vici- which be was co…
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Still more roused, and at last he i- .nily induced in g 1 with the ^/(////'(///execution, for which lie is himself re- sponsible, by the threat of a charge of treason against CiESar in the event of his not doing so 1. 1, din xix. 7 13). Silting, then, solemnly on the bema, and producing Jesus, who in the meantime lias…
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Pragaladen, a particular and holy worshipper of the Hindu god Vishnu, who was for a long time tortured by the demon Tronya, until Vishnu, in his fourth incar- nation, as man-lion, killed the giant. See Vishnu. Pragmatic Sanction was a general term (from irpayna, business) for all important ordinances of Church or Sta…
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1 passim; Wilberforce, Pract, View, ch. i\.;j ■'.; Smith, Theory of Moral Sent. i. 233; Fitzosborne, Letters, No. is. Buck, Theol Did. Praise of God is a reverent acknowledgment of the i i rfections, « orks, and benefits of God, and of the i Bowing from them to mankind, usually ex- pressed in hymns of gratitude and th…
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Pratensis, Felix, is noted as the famous editor of the editio princeps of Bomberg's Rabbinic Bible. Little is known of his personal history beyond that he was bom a dew. was corrector of the press in Bomberg's fa- mous printing-office, embraced Christianity in Rome in 1513, was created mauister theologus in 1523, and t…
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Pratt, Almon Bradley, a Congregational min- ister, was born in North Cornwall, Conn., June 3, 1812, received his preparatory training at South Cornwall, Conn., and then entered Yale College. He was not. however, able to complete his collegiate studies, as his health failed him. From 1839 to 1841 he was at the Union Th…
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Praxeas had Buffered imprisonment ("de jactati mart] rii iuflatus, ob solum et simplex et breve carceris tsediura," is the polemical notice of it), and with the credit attaching to a confessor he preached his false doctrine at Rome. Whether the doctrine met with re- sistance, toleration, or favor is not told, but that…
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second Btage, We have JeSUS called the Sc I Cod. solely, it will follow, on account of a miraculous birth: Christ, or the presence of the Father, residing in Jesus: Jesus Buffering, ami Christ (=the Father) impassibilem sed compatienti in. The interval between this and Gnos- tic doctrine i- easily bridged over; and we…
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Prayer. The words generally used in the O. T. are f"!i!"!Pl, tchinndh (from the root "j3n, "to incline," " to be gracious," whence in Hithp. " to entreat grace or mercy;" Sept. generally, Sei]mg ; Vulg. deprecatio), and lliSP, tephilldh (from the root ^3, "to judge," whence in Hithp. "to seek judgment ;" Sept. Tzpornvx…
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see \ b. Idv. Gent. \ i. 4; Lakemacher, Antiq. Gr. Sacr. p. 425). He, however, who was surprised by the hour of prayer in the street stood there and said his prayer on the spot. In every case the face was turned towards the holy hill of the Temple (Dan. vi. 11; 2 Chron. \i. 34; "> Esdr. iv. 58; Mishna. Berach. iv, 5),…
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and the poetical form of the prophetic hook-, and of the prayers which thej contain, must have tended to tix this psalm ic character on all Jewish prayer. The effect is seen plainly in the form of Ile/ekiah's prayers in 2 Kings \i\. 15 19; Isa. xxxviii, 9 20. Cm of the prayers recorded in theO. T. the two most remarka…
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II. Christian Doctrine on the Subject.— 1. Prayer is a request or petition for mercies; or it is "an offering-up of our desires to God, for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, by the help of his Spirit, with con- fession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies." Nothing can be more rati…
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(3. i Famt/y prayer is also another part not in be n< g- lected. It is true there is no absolute mmand lor this in God's Word: yet, from hints, allusions, and exam- ple- v, e may learn that it was the practice of ancient saint- Abraham (Gen. xviii. 19), David (2 Sam. vi. 20), Solomon (Prov. xxii,6), Job I i, l. 5), J…
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In man all thai i- good for him, appear I ake it need- le—. The difficulty is familiar to all philosophy, the former element being far the more important: the logical in- ference i mm ii i- the belief in the absolute uselessness of prayer. Bul the universal instinct of prayer, being too strong for such reasoning, gene…
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2. The discussion provoked by Prof.TyndalFs so-called " Prayer-test" (q. v.) has given a fresh interest to the question, How far are we entitled to expect the divine in- terference with the ordinary course of nature in answer to prayer? The question practically resolves itself into another and simpler one, Have miracle…
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ripture. Bul these must not he rged the ■ me in th.- ..I her. even if they should be imagined in Ii . Especially must we nol assume the intrusion of a superior moral law into the domain of upplanting it in that sphere, and so divesting a miracle of its real miraculoustiess, \\ hen God works a mirai le he Bets asi…
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There is one passage of Scripture, however, that ap- pears to have escaped the general attention of writers and speakers on this topic, but which is. as it seems to us, peculiarly apposite, if not conclusive of the whole ground of controversy. It is as follows in the ordinary English version : "The effectual fervent, p…
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PRAYER, Chiustian Attitudes of. 1. The first Christians prayed standing, with hands outstretched and raised towards heaven. Their face was turned towards the east. The proof of this appears everywhere in the primitive monuments. The frescos, sarcopbagi, tombstones (especially those of the Roman catacombs), the painted …
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ii of kneeling was borrowed by the Christians fmm the Hebrews. We n ad in the Scripture thai Solo- mon, while dedicating his Temple to God, knell down <ui both i •> iii. 54 i, and thai Danii I thrii i a day knell down in prayer (Dan. vi, 10). It i- said also thai St, Stephen, while suffering martyrdom (Acts vii, 59 , …
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"I ask that one single ward or hospital, under the care of first-rate physician's and surgeons, containing certain numbers of patients afflicted with those diseases which have been best studied, and of which the mortality rates are best known, whether the diseases arc those which are treated by medical or by surgical r…
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The test proposed would be nugatory for another rea- son— prayer could not be so offered. It is impossible so to dam up Christian sympathy. It would burst overall such artificial banks like a spring freshet. Such forms of prayer would be mere magical incantations, impious shams, which would cither be dinned over with n…
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pecially in its Bpecific desigu of enlightening and quick- ening the consciences of men as a means of affecting their earthly character and their eternal destiny. II. Historical Development. -Trior to Christ, preach- ing was hut little more known among the Jews than among the Gentiles. It had been to Borne extent an-…
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III. Preaching-places and Customs. — In New-Testa- ment times our Lord and his apostles found places for preaching wherever people could be assembled. The mountain-side, the shores of seas and rivers, the public street, private houses, the porch of the Temple, the Jewish synagogue, and various other places were found a…
1,009 wordsSource & rights
Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.