PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 7
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,372,028 words · 1337 reading sections
Section 1021
Pathros has been connected with the Pathj'ritic nome, the Phaturite of I'liny {fli4. Nat. ix, 47), in which Thebes was situated. The first form occurs in a Greek papjTus written in Egj'pt (^WaSn'pi-tjQ t7](; Oi]l3aicoc, Papyr. Anast. vid. Keuvens, Lcttres a M. Letmnne, 3 let. p. 4, 30, ap. Parthey, Vocab. s. v.). This …
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The island is ab(Uit twenty-five miles in circumfer- ence, has a dcc])ly indented sea-line, and possesses one of the best harbors in the archipelago ; lat. 37° 17' N., long. 26^ 35' E. On the north-eastern side of the island was a town of the same name with the harbor, and the southernmostpoint formed the promontory Am…
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Among the older travellers who have visited Pat- mos we may especially mention Tournefort and Po- cocke, and later Dr. Clarke and Prof. Carlisle. See also Turner, Journal of a Tour, iii, 98-101 ; Schubert, Reise ins Morgenland, i, 421-434 ; Walpole, Turkey, ii, 43 ; and Stanley, Sermons in the E ist, p. 225. Ross visit…
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Two brothers of the same name, natives of Salins, and also Jesuits, have distinguished themselves in the pulpit. The older, Nicolas Patouillet, born in 1622, was for a long time superior of the French mission to London, and died at Besanoon Nov. 1, 1710. He has left Senfimenis d'une ame pour se y-ecueillir ii Dim (1700…
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As to their numliers, we have for our guide the enu- meration of ten males in one direct line from Adam, through Seth, to Noah, and of eight through Cain to Jabal. There is, of course, nothing to forbid us sup- posing that many other children were born besides those enumerated. This indeed is taken for granted in the c…
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II. The Patriarchs after the food wera at first, in all, but four persons, with each his wife. Noah became the second father of the human race. They were ex- ceedingly fruitful, as God had ordained they should be. The tenth chapter of Genesis is a wonderful document, describing the vast emigrations of the fam- ilies o…
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But if Abraham was in all outward respects like any other sheik, there was that which distinguished hiui, as it did Noah before him, and Isaac, Jacob, Jo- seph, and others, after him, from all the world. This distinction consists partlj' in the covenant whereby these men were especiallj' bound to God, and second- arily…
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The type of character formed under such a dispen- sation is one imperfect in intellectual and spiritual growth, because not j^et tried by the subtler tempta- tions, or forced to contemplate the deeper questions of life; but it is one remarkably simple, affectionate, and free, such as would grow up under a natural au- t…
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Patriarchs (Gr. 7rarpia,famili/, and Patriarchal "°X''"^' ^"'"'' """ '""^'°'') ^^'^ i" the Chris- Cross, tian Church ecclesiastical dignitaries, or bisliops, so called from the paternal au- thority which they are claimed to liave exercised. In the ancient Christian Church patriarchs were next in order to metropolitan…
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In the non-united Greek Church the ancient system of the three patriarchates of Constantinople, Antioch, and Jerusalem is nominally maintained, and the authority of the patriarchs is recognised by their own communion. But the jurisdiction-limits of the patriarch of Constanti- nople, who is acknowledged as the head, hav…
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tricius himself beyond the bare statement of Pliilaster; and as the heresy of which he is said to be the founder is not mentioned by Epiphanius, Damarius thinks it probable that it arose after his time, perhaps about A.D. 380. I'rredestinatns says that the Patricians sprung from the northern parts of Numidia and Maurit…
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liveliness of their ftmcj', or the supposed credulity of their readers. They wrote of his studying with St. Germain, of his attending a monastery near the Med- iterranean, and finally of his going to Kome and re- ceiving ordination from the poi)e. All these are mere inventions, and were not put forth till more than liv…
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come. Everything they found with us they seized, and bound myself with fetters ; but on the fourteenth day the Lord delivered me, and what was ours they returned." In Conf. 18, he "thanks God who had given grace to his servants to persevere, and that although they were threatened with terrors, they stood the firmer." O…
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According to tradition and contemporary history, St. Patrick died near Armagh, March 17, A.D. 455, in the seventj'-eighth j-ear of his age. The anniversary of his death has ever been held as a festive daj' by the Irish, not only on their own green isle, but in every other part of the wide world to which wars and oppres…
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Badjre of the Order of St. Patrick. PATRICK 777 PATRICK substituting fot the exterior -m-eath of shamrocks eight rays of silver, four of which are hirger than the other four. The mantle is of rich slvj'-blue tabinet, lined with white silk, and fastened bj' a cordon of blue silk and gold with tassels. On the right s…
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"1. Tliat the ceremonies enjoined or recommeuded in the Liturgy or Canons be left indifieient. "2. That the Liturgy l)e caicfully reviewed, and such alterations and changes therein made as may supply the defects, and remove, as much as possible, all grounds of exception to any part of it, by leaving out the apocryphal…
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perhaps the most useful of any ever written in the English language. They were published at various times, but as this prelate did not proceed beyond the Song of Solomon, the commentaries of Lowth, Ar- nald, Whitby, and Lowman are generally added to complete the work. In this enlarged or completed form it is published,…
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Patristics is a department of ecclesiastical history, and more particularly of doctrinal historj\ It is an account of the lives, writings, and theological opinions of the Christian authors of the ancient Gr;\>co - Latin Church before the separation into two antagonistic bodies. The terms are sometimes so distinguished …
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PATRIZI 180 PATROLOGY christology and the fundamental doctrines of Christian anthropology and sotcriology. (ii) Greek Church : Cyril of Alexandria (d. 444), Theodoret (d. 458), John of Damascus (d. about 750). (h) Latin Church : Je- rome (d. 419), Augustine (d. 430), Leo the Great (d. 461), Gregory the Great (d. G04…
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He wrote to the bishops of Gaul, directing that the bishop of Aries should exercise metro]3oli tan jurisdiction over these provinces,yiennensis, and Prima and Secunda Narbonensis; that he should preside at the consecration of their bishops ; that all clergy travelling abroad should obtain from him litterce formutce, or…
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Patron, in time, came to be a common designation of ever}' protector or powerful promoter of the interests of another ; thus also the saints, who were believed to watch over particular interests of persons, places, trades, etc., acquired in the Middle Ages the designa- tion of patron saints. These patron saints of prof…
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Brandenburg, St. John Baptist. Brunswick, &t. Andrew. Burgundy, SS. Andrew and Mary. Denmarlc, SS. Anscharius and Canute. England, SS. George aud Mary. Flanders, St. Peter. France, SS. Mary, Michael, aud Denis. Germany, SS. Martin, Boniface, and George. Hanover, St. Mary. Holland, St, Mary. Holstein, St. Andr…
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PATRONAGE 183 PATRONAGE church bells, and he was specially named in the public praj^ers. He had the right to a certain portion of the Church funds, called patronagium, and enjoyed the fruits of the benefice during a vacancy. In the course of time it sometimes happened that, with the concur- rence of all parties inte…
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In Scotland, at the Reformation, the rights of pa^ trons were reserved, and presbj'teries were bound hj several statutes to admit an}' qualified person presented by the patron. The principle of these statutes was re- tained in the enactments introducing Episcopacy. On the establishment of Presbyterianism under favor of…
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In the Greek Church the right to present is gener- ally in the hands of the bisliops, excepting in Russia, where lay patronage exists to a limited extent. — Chambers, Cyclop, s. v. See Lippert, Versuch einer his- torisch-dogmatischen Entwickelung derLfhrevom Patronat (Giessen, 1819); Hinschius, Dus Kirchenrecht der Ka-…
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elicited the confidence of all who knew him. See Wilson, Presb. Hist. Almanac, 1867, p. 449. (J. L. S.) Patterson, James H., M.D., a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was born in Peru, N. Y., March 16, 1810. His earlier days were spent in Cana- da and Vermont. He was converted in 1826, licensed to preach in …
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Patterson, Joseph A., a Presbyterian minister, was born near Acadcmia, Juniata County, Pa., in 1833. He received his preparatory education at Tuscarora Academy, and in 1853 entered Lafayette College, Pa. After graduating, he spent a year teaching in Tusca- rora Academy, and while there, and during a great re- vival, he…
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PATTESON 181 PATTISON long when he encountered bishop Selwj'n, of New Zealand, who was home on a visit, and who induced him to return with him. On March 29, 1855, they sailed from Gravesend together. Patteson went with- out parade of feeling or many words. First at Auck- land (New Zealand), and later at Norfolk Isla…
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Pattison, Robert Everett, D.D., an American Baptist divine who distinguished himself in the pulpit and the rostrum, was born at Benton, Vt., Aug. 19, 1800, and was educated at Amherst College, Mass., PATTISON 188 PAUL class of 182C. He was at once made tutor in Colum- bian College, Washington, D. C. He was ordained…
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Pa'U (Heb, Pdu', *"Q, a bleating, or yawning; but in 1 Chron, i, 50, Pai, "^"Q, though some copies agree with the reading in Gen. ; Sept. <l>oywp, i. e. chasm ; Yulg. Phau), the capital of Hadar, king of Edom (Gen, xxxvi, 39). The only name that bears any resemblance to it is Phauara, a ruined place in IdumKa mentioned…
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II. Pei-snnal History. — We purpose under this head to gather together all the information given either di- rectly or inciilentally in the Acts and Epistles concern- ing the apostle's life, relegating to a subsequent head the various disputes that have been raised on some of them. 1. Youth and Early Career. — Paul was…
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at Jerusalem (Acts xxii), he told them that, though born in Tarsus, he had been '• brouglit up" {dvart^paix- fitvog) in Jerusalem. He must, therefore, have been yet a boy when he was removed, in all probability for the sake of his education, to the Holy City of his fa- thers. We may imagine him arriving there — perhaps…
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2. Conversion. — But while thus, in his ignorance and unbelief, he was seeking to be "injurious" to the cause of Christ, the great Author of Christianity was about to make him a distinguished trophy of its power, and one of the most devoted and successful of its advocates. The persecutor was to be converted. A.D. 30. W…
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of the cross. Externally, Saul fell to the ground. Spiritually, he was prostrated by shame, when he knew whom he had been persecuting. Externally, sounds issued out of heaven. Spiritually, the Crucified said to Saul, with tender remonstrance, "I am Jesus, why persecutest thou me?" Whether audibly to his com- panions, o…
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The narrative in the Acts tells us simply that he was occupied in this work, with increasing vigor, for "many days," up to the time when imminent danger drove him from Damascus. From the Epistle to the Galatians (i, 17, 18) we learn that the many days were at least a good part of " three years," and that Saul, not thin…
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4. Ministr;/ at Antioch. — During this stay of Paid at Tarsus, which lasted several years, occupied doubtless with those elsewhere unrecorded labors to some of which he occasionally alludes (2 Cor. xi, 24, 25), a movement was going on at Antioch which raised that cit}' to an importance second only to that of Jerusalem …
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dence which he was bound to claim should involve the slightest breach or loosening of the bonds of the uni- versal brotherhood. Having discharged their errand, Barnabas and Saul returned to Antioch, bringing with them another helper, John surnamed JNIark, sister's son to Barnabas. The work of proiiliesying and teachin…
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There is a singular parallelism in several points be- tween the history of Paul and that of Peter in the Acts. Baur presents it in a highly effective form (PiiiiL p. 91 etc.), to support his theory of the composition of this book; and this is one of the services which he has in- cidentally rendered to the full understa…
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The apostles sat silent with the rest of the assembly, while the Law and the Prophets were read. Thej' and their audience were united in reverence for the sacred books. Then the rulers of the synagogue sent to invite them, as strangers but brethren, to speak any word of exhortation which might be in them to the people.…
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With their own spirits raised, and amid much en- thusiasm of their disciples, Paul and Barnabas now travelled on to Iconium, where the occurrences at An- tioch were repeated, and from thence to the Lycaonian country, which contained the cities Lystra and Derbe. Here they had to deal with uncivilized heathens. At Lystra…
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We preceed then to combine the two narratives. While Paul and Barnabas were sta\'ing at Antioch, "certain men from Jud;iea" came there and taught the brethren that it was necessary for the Gentile converts to be circumcised. This doctrine was vigorously op- posed by the two apostles, and it was determined that the ques…
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The judgment of the Church was immediately re- corded in a letter addressed to the (ienlile brethren in Antioch and Syria and Cilicia. That this letter might carry greater authority, it was intrusted to " chosen men of the Jerusalem Church, Judas surnamed Barsabas, and Silas, chief men among the brethren." The letter …
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It is hopeless to attempt to determine positively what this infirmity was. But we may observe here (1) that Paul's sensitiveness may have led him to exaggerate this personal disadvantage; and (2) that, whatever it was, it allowed him to go through sufferings and hard- ships such as few ordinary men could bear. It certa…
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But the girl's masters saw that now the hope of their gains was gone. Here at Philippi, as afterwards at Ephesus, the local trade in religion began to suffer from the manifestation of the Spirit of Christ, and an inter- ested appeal was made to local and national feelings against the dangerous innovations of the Jewish…
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TAUL 800 PAUL Again, as in Pisidian Antioch, the envy of the Jews was excited. They contrived to stir up the lower class of the city to tumultuous violence bj' representing the preachers of Christ as revolutionary disturbers, who had come to proclaim one Jesus as king instead of Ciesar. The mob assaulted the house o…
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We are not to think here of the council or court, renowned in the oldest Athenian history, which took its name from Mars' Hill, but only of the elevated spot where the council met, not covered in, but arranged with benches and steps of stone, so as to form a conven- ient place for a public address. Here the apostle de-…
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This is the first extant example of that work by which the apostle Paul has served the Church of all ages in as eminent a degree as he labored at the found- ing of it in his lifetime. All commentators upon the New Testament have been accustomed to notice the points of coincidence between the history in the Acts and the…
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PAUL 802 PAUL the Church of Christ, distinguished, not only by the number of believers, but also by the variety and the fruitfiilness of the teaching to be given there. At this time Paul himself stayed there for a year and six months, " teaching the Word of God among them." Corinth was the chief city of the provinc…
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Paul "spent some time" at Antioch, and during this stay, as we are inclined to believe, his collision with Peter (Gal. ii, 11-14), of which we have spoken above, took place. When he left Antioch, he "went over all the country of Galatia and Phni'gia in order, strengthening all tlie disciples," and giving directions con…
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PAUL 804 PAUL these twelve " disciples" was concerning the character and work of Jesus, we have no means of knowing; but we slather that it was wanting in a recognition of the full lordship of Jesus and of the gift of the Holy Ghost. The Pentecostal faith was communicated to Apollos by Aquila and Priscilla, to the o…
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For a detailed description of the Epistles the reader is referred to the special articles upon each. But it belongs to the history of Paul to notice the personal characteristics wliich appear in them. AVe must not omit to observe therefore, in this Epistle, how loyally the a]iostlo represents Jesus Christ the Crucified…
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We have seen that Timothy had been sent from Ephesus to INIacedonia and Corinth. He had rejoined Paul when he wTote this Second Epistle ; for he is as- sociated with him in the salutation (2 Cor. i, 1). We have no account, either in the Acts or in the Epistles, of this journey of Timothy, and some have thought it proba…
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The hypothesis upon which we have interpreted this Epistle is not precisely that which is most commonly received. According to the more common view, the offender is the incestuous person of 1 Cor. v, and the message which proved so sharp but wholesome a med- icine was simpl}' the First Epistle. But this view does not a…
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It would be unreasonable to suppose that Paul was insensible to tlie mighty associations which connected themselves with the name of Kome. The seat of the imperial government to which Jerusalem itself, with the rest of the world, was then subject, must have been a grand object to the thoughts of the apostle from liis i…
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Before his departure from Corinth, Paul was joined again hy Luke, as we infer from the change in the narrative from the third to tlie first person. We have alread}^ seen tiiat he was bent on making a journey to Jerusalem, for a special purpose and within a limited time. With this view he was intending to go by sea to S…
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in which some learned men think they can detect the signs of a moderately clever fiction. The course of the voj'age from Miletus was by Cos and Rhodes to Patara, and from Patara in another ves- sel past Cyprus to Tyre. Here Paul and his company spent seven days ; and there were disciples " who said to Paul through the…
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This discourse was spoken in Hebrew — that is, in the native dialect of the country — and was on that account listened to with the more attention. It is described by Paul himself, in his opening words, as his "defence," addressed to his brethren and fathers. It is in this light that it ought to be regarded. As we have …
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PAUL 810 PAUL not give up a Roman citizen to their judgment. As it was, the affair ended in confusion, and with no sem- blance of a judicial ternunation. The incidents select- ed by Luke from the historj' of this meeting form strik- ing points in the biography of Paul, but they are not easy to understand. Tlie diffi…
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Whether such a result was in any degree attained we do not know: the immediate consequence of the dissension which occurred in the assembly was that Paul was like to be torn in pieces, and was carried off by the Roman soldiers. In the night he had a vision, as at Corinth (xviii, 9, 10) and on the voyage to Rome (xxvii,…
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At this point, as we shall hereafter see, the history of Paul comes into its closest contact with external chronology. Festus, like Felix, has a place in secular history, and he bears a much better character. Upon his arrival in the province he went up without dela}' from Caesarea to Jerusalem, and the leading Jews sei…
1,344 wordsSource & rights
Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.