PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 2
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,214,832 words · 1184 reading sections
Section 781
CURATE 608 CURE He held the Grotian view of the atonement, hot (see Atonemsnt) set special emphasis upon the sacrificial character of the death of Christ in its re&renoe to God as well as to man, asserting that Christ made satisfac- tion for sin, but not by enduring the whole punish- ment due to sinners {IntUt. lib.…
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CURETON 609 CURIA ROMANA ; to take one kind for long together, and I have 3 wn a sick woman swallow ten different sorta in one r. Should a patient, when aboat to take hb medi- e, scatter or spill the least quantity, nothing will Luce him to take the rest; it is a bad omen ; he must ve the nostrom changed. The people…
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III. The Papal Court, or the 90-caUed " Papd Fam- ily*' {Famiglia Pontifica),-— It comprises the officers on service who live in the papal palace (/xiiioftm'), besides a large number of honorary members. Among them are: 1. The cardinales palatini ; namely, the cardinal secretary of state, the cardinal secretary of brie…
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On the passage in Job (ii, 9), " Corse God and iBe,' Mr. Roberts makes the following remarks: "Sdw suppose this ought to be, * Bless God and ifie' (t&t Heb. is If ^9) ; but Job would not have reproved te wife for such advice, except she meant it ironicallT. It is a fact, that when the heathen have to pass throsgb much …
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Cusa, Nichoi^as de, or Cusanus, a cardinal of great learning. His name was properly Nicholas Khbypfps (Kbebs), but he was named Cusaniu or De Cum, from Cues on the Mosel, where he was bom in 1401. He was the son of a poor fisher, who wished him to learn the same trade. Rather than comply with this request, Nicholas lef…
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Cush (Heb. Kusky W'2, deriv.. nncertain ; A. Y. "Cush," Gen. x, 6, 7, 8 ; 1 Chron. i, 8, 9, 10; Psa. vH, tiUe ; Isa. xi, 11 ; "Ethiopia," Gen. ii, 18 ; 2 Kings xix,9; Esth.i,l; viii,9; Job xxviii, 19 ; Psa.lxviii, 31; Ixxxvii, 4; Isa. xviii, 1; xz, S, 5; xxxtb,^ xliii, 8 ; xlv, 14 ; Ezek. xxix, 10 ; xxx, 4, 5; xxxri 5…
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Some have sought for another Cush in more north- rly regions of Asia, as in the Persian province of Imsistan or Susiana, in Cuthah, a district of Babylo- ia, etc. ; and as Nimrod, the youngest son (or de- cendant) of Cush, spread hb conquests in that direc- lon, it is no doubt possible that his fiither*s name night be …
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In the ancient Egyptian inscriptions Ethiopia above Egypt is termed Keesh or Kesh, and this territory prob- ably corresponds perfectly to the African Cush of the Bible (Wilkinson, Anc.Eg.i, 404, abridgment). The Cushites, however, had clearly a wider extension, like tlie Ethiopians of the Greeks, but apparently with a …
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nert's Geog, of the Greeki and Romams, z, 199. is still a place called Mercuoi conadenitij ooith tf ^ island and near Mount Berkal, where Heere there nuy have been a settlement of the pai called by the same name. The opizdon of J«K|ii that Merod was identical with Seba accords weE «« the statement in Gen. x, 7, that Se…
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% That some of the posterity of Cush settled in the south of Arxibia may readfly be granted ; but that he gave a permanent name to any portion either of the country or people is by no means so evident : it is, at least, more a matter of inferential conjecture than of historical certafaity. Almost all the passages usual…
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CUSH 616 cusm upon which we can lay bnt little stiess ; and the pas- sage in 2 Chron. xxi, 16, is the only direct evidence we poesess of the name ** Cnah" being applied in Scrip- ture to any part of Arabia, and even that does not amount to absolute demonstration. See Abasia. 8. Cush, as a countiy, therefore appears…
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Cu'shi (Heb. Kutki% "^^rD, q. d. CmdkHe otEtim- pian; Sept Xowti\ Ynlg. Cfttvt), a name of tbzee men in the Old Test. See Cush. 1. (With the article, "^^sisn, L e. '<the CusKte," " the Ethiopian ;" Sept. 6 Xowt ; Vulg. CkasL) Tbt messenger sent by Joab to announce to David the s»> cess of the battle against Absalom an…
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and Persian writers place a town of the name of Ku- tha, in the tract near the Nahr-Malka, or royal canal (the fourth in Xenophon, Anab, i, 7), which connected the Euphrates and Tigris to the south of the present Bagdad. The site has been identified with the ruins of Totffibah, immediately adjacent to Babylon (Alns- wo…
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berti de BistorUt ffybernetuitm excerptm»^ and te 1* bellus de Admirandii B. CuthberH VirttO&m, hy B^ nald of Durham, both published l^ the Svxrtees S«» ty. There are two modem memoirs of St. CadAn- the late Rev. James Rainess 8t. Cuthbert (Do^ 1828), and the Very Rev. Monsignor C. Eyre's /Na^ of St. Cuthbert (Lond. 18…
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1. The ancients were very violent in their expres- sions of sorrow. Virgil represents the sister of Dido as tearing her face with her nails, and beating her breasts with her fists (-^n. iv, 672). Some of the learned think that that law of Solon*s which was transferred by the Romans into the Twelve Tables (Cicero, De Le…
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CUTTT-STOOL 620 CYAXAKES dmdter stack through the fleshy part of his side, with three heavy iron spikes throst through the muscles of his arm, and with a feather inserted into a cut in his forehead. He moves about with great composure, and endures ail these sufferings, hoping for recompense in the Paradise of Moliam…
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CjaxSres (Kva^aprig, GrsKrised for the Old Vm. Uvakshatara, **beautiAil-eyed,*' Rawlinson, JIervd,s. 456), the name of two Median kings. See Media. 1. Ctaxabes I was, according to Herodotus, tb? third king of Media, being the son of Phraortes, ai grandson of Dejoces. His father having been idiki while besieging Ninus …
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To find the dominical letter of a particular year, it is first necessary to find the place of the year in the cycle of the sun. As, according to the chronology of Dionysius, Christ is said to have been bom in the ninth year of the cycle of the sun, the place of a particular year in the cycle of the sun is found by…
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Andent Cymbals.— From HercnlanenuL former probably consisted of four small plates of brass 1 ments, which are used at marriages and some odxr o^ 1 or of some other hard metal ; two plates were attached casions, accompany the cymbals, but th^e bft ^ to each hand of the performer, and were smitten to- ' more peculiarly …
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Cypress Branch and Cone. very small imbricated leaves, which remain on the trees five or six years. Du Hamel states that he has observed on the bark of young cypresses small parti- cles of a substance resembling gum tragacunth, and that he has seen bees taking great pains to detach these particles, probably to supply …
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lived in afflnenoe and grandeur. His life seeoH ti^ received new impetus, concentrated purpose, uiti meaning from the tame of his oonversioa and faiptii which occurred A.D. 246, when he was notfiu iM fifty years old. Hehadbeen won toChrittisBkrij presbyter, Caecilius, who also instructed and pRjii him for baptism, at w…
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thage. From this place he comforted the Church through letters. In a dream he saw foreshadowed the bloody fate which should in a year befall him. Having been called back ttom exile, he withdrew for a brief season to his country home. Under the con- sul Galerius Maximus, the successor of Aspasius Pa- temus, he received …
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Cypriarch (VivTrpiapxni, "governor of Cyprus*'), the title of Nicanor (q. v.) as Syrian vieoojaf Ik i and of Cyprus (2 Mace, xii, 2). Cypros (KvirpoQ, I. e. Cyprus\ the naiBe of » eral females of the Herodian family. See Heks. 1. An Idumean (or Arabian) of noUe fiuih.ii of Antipater the eider, by whom he had fcor a …
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Copper Troooi^uliki- ik,iu of GfpruA, wii.ii iL^ i.^^A tkod title (in I^tin) of Claudius Ccemr^ and the legend (In Greek), '* Under Arminius Produa, Prooonsnl Cav(^virarov] of the CTprlant.** fell to the share of the Byzantine emperors. Richard I of England conquered it in 1191, and gave it to Guy Lusignan, by whose f…
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the Libyan desert, and its wealth and hoaon i« transferred to the episcopal dty of Ptoknai, m ■ neighborhood. The Saracens completed the voktf destraction, and for centuries not oolj the dtr.lg CTRENE 629 CYRENIUS CD1.aNJDE H/| '"- rrm ,g~7 "ff/m-mH!^ ,------r-~*tir""^'""-^ , :lie once populous and fertile dis…
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Quirinus held a census in Judsea after the banish- ment of Archelaus (Joseph. Ant, xviii, 1, 1), which took place B.C. 6. This is what is meant by the iaaang (dvoypa^') in Acts v, 87. Hence it is evident that be cannot have held a census in Judsaa in the year of Christ's birth, as is said in Luke ii, 2, in the capacity…
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4. Another mode of getting over the difficulty is ancHoned by the names of Calvin, Valesius, Wet- tein. Hales, and others. First, clianging a&Tri into ihrrf, they obtain the sense: *'In those da^ there irent fbrth a decree firom Augustus that the whole land thoold be enrolled; but the enrobnenl iUelfyrAB first xiade -w…
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CYRENUrS 632 CYMA tbetical character of th« clause is probably tiie cause of this somewhat blended antithesis in its phraseology. We continoe from Winer, s. v. Quirinus. 6. Many take rfy^fjuau in the wider signification of high executive officer in general, including, for instance, the procurators. (So Casanbon, Et…
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Cyria (Kwpia, "lady," 2 John, ver. 1, 6), a Gf«* term signifying mittreta, and used as an hononuj titk of address to a female (so Epict. EncA. 40), as in Eaf* Ush. But in 2 John it appears to be the proper nace of the distinguished female to whom John directed hi epistle (see Alford, Gr. Tett. vol. v, proleg. p. 185 fq…
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Cyril (St.) (KvpcXXoc), of Jerusalem, is supposed to have been bom in that city about A.D. 815. He was ordained deacon by Macarios about 885, and priest by the patiiareh Maximus about 845. On the death of Maximus, Cyril was chosen to succeed him (A.D. 850). A luminous appearance in the heavens, called the ** Apparition…
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A portion of the tribe embraced ChxistUa^. a there is no proof of a Cbristianizatioo of fbe tribe and of the organisation of a nat After his return to Constantinople he a^ain lived his brother Methodius in ascetic retirement mi was sent by the emperor as a missionary to tlie Slavic tribes. Both Greek and BcHnan had for…
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The Confession of Cyril uses of the procession of the Holy Spirit the compromising formula Ik tov vaTpbc ii' vtov (a poire per JUium). It teaches abso- lute predestination, denies moral freedom prior to re- generation, declares strongly against the rights claim- ed by the popes, and acknowledges only two sacra- ments, …
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2. His Elevation to the Throne. — It was the frequent practice of the Persian monarchs, and probably there- fore of the Modes before them, to choose the provin- cial viceroys from the royal families of the subject nations, and thereby to leave to the vanquished much both of the semblance and of the reality of freedom. …
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CTRF8 637 CYRUS a. a Slavonic) people, who seem to luiye dwelt, or | Irapfl rather roved, along the Oxus, from Bokhara Slliiva ; and that, after alternate socceeses in battle, attached the whole nation to himself in faithful al- i^zice. Their king is called Amorges by Ctesias. e jr are undoabtedlj the same people th…
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ITT. Perhaps no great conqueror ever left behind him a fairer fame than Cyrus the Great. His mighty achieve- ments have been bonie down to us on the voice of the nation which he eleva- ted ; his evil deeds had no historian to record them. What is more, it was his singular honor and privi- lege to be the first Gentile …
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xvl, 18 ; xviii, 2), and even in the sbigalar to himself (Mark iii, 80; comp. 22). Tbeee tions, we think, render it probable that tbe of the N. T. belong to the number of *'who kept not their first estate;" and probably (though attempts have been made to d^ the inference) that they must be the same aa ^'tihe ai* gels o…
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2. The second theory is, that our Lord and the nmgelists, in referring to demoniacal possession, poke only in accommodation to the general belief of le Jews, without any assertion as to its truth or its iUity. It is concluded that, since the symptoms of ie affliction were frequently those of bodily disease u dumbness. …
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But, besides this, it must be added that, to say of a case that it is one of disease or insanity, gives no real explanation of it at all ; it merely refers it to a class of cases which we know to exist, but gives no answer to the further question, how did the disease or insanity arise ? £ven in disease, whenever the mi…
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It was but natural that the power of evil should show itself, in more open and direct hostility than ever, in the age of our Lord and his apostles, when its time was short. It was natural also that it should take the special form of possession in an age of such unprecedented and brutal sensuality as that which pre- ced…
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abylonia, and taught the rude iidiabitantB the nse r letters, arts, religion, law, and agricnltare ; that, tier long intervals between, other similar beings ap- eared and commnnicated the same predoos lore in etail, and that the last of these was called Odahon QSaKuw). Selden is persuaded that this Odakon is be Philist…
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3. Bbth-daoon of 1 Chron. x, 10 (Sept oZcoc Aa- yctfv), in the western half-tribe of Kanasseh (some dis- tance ttom Mount Gilboa), where the Philistines, after their victory, placed SauPs head in the temple of their god — ^hiB body and those of his sons having been carried (the same distance north-east) to Bethshan, wh…
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DAIMBERT 645 DALE ) priests for this annual religions service, the allot- snt of the several operations, and the ritual of the nrifice itself, were eventually prescribed in the tract tmid (Mishna, v, 10), which llLen has illuBtrated with idite explanation (Brem. 1786, and in Ugolini The- KT. xix) ; comp. also Loscan…
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Dale, THE Kino's C?f^nn p^^, vaOe^ o/tke king), the name of a valley apparently near the Dead Sea, where Melchizedek met Abraham (Gen. xiv, 17) ; oth- erwise called the VaUeg of Skaveh (q. v.), but identi- fied by some with another of the same name (the mod- em Valley of Jehoshaphat, or, rather, its southern part, opti…
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During Paul's second imprisonment at Rome, Titus left him to visit Dalmatla (2 Tim. iv, 10), but for what purpose is not stated, unless we may conjecture that it was to regulate the afikirs of the Church in that region (Cellarii No^. i, 614 sq.), in the vicinity of which Paul had formerly preached (Rom. xv, 19). See Tr…
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See Rbtaliatioh. 2. Wounding a free person in an aftay (where both irtiee mieht be presumed to be pretty nearly equally » blame, the iigaiy, however, must have been inflict- I with a stone or the fist, rti'^^M ; oomp. Philo, ii, L7, ry x^tpi ; not with a proper weapon, Josephus, ,ni. iv, 8, 83; also in a suddenly outbr…
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channel Far and wide in front extends the level plain, its horizon bare, its lines of surrounding hills bare, all bare far away on the road to Palmyra and Bagdad. In the midst of this plain lies at your feet the vast lake or island of deep verdure, walnuts and apricots waving above, com and grass below ; and in the mi…
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DAMASCUS 649 DAMASCUS ty iprere perhaps not obflerved. At any rate, three rs afterwards war broke ont afresh, through the m of Ahab to the city of Ramoth-Gilead (1 Kings i, l-4>. The defeat and death of Ahab at that 3e ^ib. 15-d7) seems to have enabled the Syrians of naseus to resume the offensive. Their bands …
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DAMASCUS 650 DAMASCUS It WAS long before Damasctu recovered from this serious blow. As Isaiah and Amos had prophesied in the day of her prosperity that Damascas shoald be " taken away from being a city and be a minons heap" (Isa. xvii,l), that 'U fire shoald be sent into the house of Hazael which should deyonr the p…
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Christianity was i^ted in Damascus by Fvd^ self (Acts ix, 20 sq. ; GaL i, 12^ and obtaincdtitii footing in the iq[>ostolic age. It spread so nfadr among the population that in the time of CoaatiKH the great temple, one of the noblest buildings is S.^ was converted into a cathedral churah and de&tfi^ to John the Baptist…
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products of neariy all nations — Indian muslins, Man- chester prints, Persian carpets, Lyons' silks, Birming- ham cutlery. Cashmere shawls. Mocha coffee, and Dutch sugar. 4. Top^rc^y, Antiquities, etc, — ^The old dty, the nucleus of Damascus, stands on the south bank of the river, and is smrrounded by a tottering wall…
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The trodUionary sacred placet of Damascus are the following: A " long, wide thoroughfkre"— leading di- rect ftom one of the gates to the castle or palace of the pasha— is " called by the guides ' Straight' " (Acts iz, 11); but the natives know it among themselves as ** the Street of Bazaars*' (Stanley, p. 404). The hou…
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DAMIANISTS 653 DAN MM of spiritiutl power. Altogether Dftmian was )Dg the foremost men of his age, both morally and llectually. His works were collected by Cajetan me, 1606-1615, 8 vob. foL), and have been several M reprinted ; the best edition is that of Bassani (8, 4 vols. fo].). His life is given in the first vol…
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After this nothing is heard of Dan till the specifica- tion of the inheritance allotted to him (Josh, xix, 48). He was the last of the tribes to receive his portion, and that portion, according to the record of Joshua — strange as it appears in the face of the numbers just quoted — ^was the smallest of the twelve. But,…
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In the time of David Dan still kept its place among the tribes (1 Chron. xii, 35). Asher is omitted, but the "prince of the tribe of Dan" is mentioned in th6 list of 1 Chron. xxvii, 22. But firom this time for- ward the name as applied to the tribe vanishes ; it is kept alive only by the northern city. In the geneal- o…
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8oc. xvi, 27). After the establishment of the Danites at Dan it became the acknowledge extremity of the country, and the formula ** from Dan even to Beershe- ba" is frequent throughout the historical books (Judg. XX, 1 ; 1 Sam. iii, 20; 2 Sam. iii, 10 ; xvii, 11 ; xxiv, 2, 16 ; 1 Kings iv, 25). In the later records the…
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3. '* Dan also" stands in the A.y. as the rendering of y^ (Fedofi, lit. and Dan; Sept. translates undistin- guishably), an Arabian dty mentioned in Ezek. xxvii, 19 as a place from which cloths, wrought iron, cassia, and other spices were brought to Tyre. By it is prob- ably meant the city and mart of Aden^ in connectio…
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spring. In the New Test, the terms translated lance" are xopoc (radically expressive of the same ea of circular motion), applied to a festive occasion connection with music (Luke xv, 25), and dpxioftai^ erally to leap up and down, but conventionally used later times to denote a regular dance according to le, either in …
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DANCE 658 DANCE imititioii of the gestoxM used hy him. When the late deputation of the Church of Scotland were on their way through Palestine, their young Arab guides, to relieve the tedium of the journey, sometimes ** com- menced a native song and dance ; one of them, advan- cing a little before the rest, began the…
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Holofemes. There was no sndi leader of tb« c^ mentioned in the case of David and SaaL fi^ whereas Miriam ** answered" tlie entiie ebon, Exod. XV, 21, the women in the latter case *■ one another as they played" (1 Sam. xvni, u ! ** answer" embodying the sentiment of the < and forming the burden of the song. Tht ''cal ou…
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the prevailing sense as to the impropriety of respecta- ble individuals taking part in it ; and hence the gay circles of Rome and its provinces derived all their en- tertainment, as is done in the East to this day, from the exhibitions of professional dancers. Under the patronage of the emperors, and of their luxurious…
1,087 wordsSource & rights
Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.