PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 9
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,443,801 words · 1412 reading sections
Section 961
Si. Sii'isnuiud. SIGMARINGEN (35 SIGNET contest was that the Reformed Church obtained legal recognition. Soon after his entrance into the Reformed communion the elector published his Confession of Fail h (Joh. Sifjism, Confessio Fidei), May, 1614. It claims to deal with points at issue between Evangelical Protes- t…
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Signet is the rendering in the A. V. of Dnn, cho- fhdni (Gen. xxxviii, 18; Exod. xxviii, 11, 21,36; xxxix, 6, 14, 30; Jer. xxii, 24; Hag. ii, 23), or T^nh, cholhe- meth (fem. of the same, only in Gen. xxxviii, 25), a seal, as elsewhere rendered; and of the Chald. XpTS', izkd, the same (Dan. vi, 17 [18J) ; both so calle…
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bignct-riug of Cheops, with enlarged view of the engraved face, smeared with a black pigment, which leaves the figure of the body of the seal upon the paper, in which the characters appear blank or white. The characters re- quired are often too large or tuo many to be convenient- ly used in a signet-ring, in which cas…
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Signorelli, Luca (called Luca of Cortona), an Italian painter, was born at Cortona about 1440. He was instructed first by Matteo da Sienna and afterwards by Pietro della Francesca, whose style he seized so ef- fectually that the works of the two have often been confoimded. He painted many religious subjects, of which a…
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Si'hor (Josh, xiii, 3). See SimiOR. Sikes, Henry N., a minister of the Methodist Epis- copal Church, was born in Fulton County, Pa., in 1833. SIKHS V38 SILENT PRAYER He was converted in early youth, and began to preach | See Cunningham, History of the Sikhs; Malcolm, Slcetch in his nineteenth year, lie united with…
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Silent Prayer. In the ancient Church none but communicants were permitted to remain in the Church during the communion service. The entrance on this service was made by a mental or silent prayer, offered by the people in private, and thence called ti'iyr) Sia mwiriic, the silent prayer, and {I'X') Kara. Siavoiai', the …
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Silk. The only undoubted notice of this material in the canonical Bible occurs in Kev. xviii, 12, where it is mentioned (crj/pitfor) among the treasures of the tj'pical Babylon. S(» also in 1 Mace, iv, 23, in the enumeration of the spoil obtained from the Syrians by Judas. It is, however, in the highest degree probable…
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The silk known to us is entirely produced by one in- sect, the caterpillar of a sluggish moth known as Bom- byx mori, after its proper food-plant, the mulberry {Mo- ras'). The larvie of other mollis jiroduce silk, and in India several species are cultivated, as the Tnsseh and the Arrindy silk-worms. But there is none t…
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Sillick, John A., a minister of the Methodist Epis- copal Church, was born in Saratoga, N. Y., l\Iay 21, 1805, and was converted at the age of twelve. Falhng away, lie was restored when about twenty-four. He then spent two years at Wilbrahara Academy, and about two years at the Wesleyan University. In 183-1 he joined t…
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SILOAII 742 SILOAH Sifloe. The Greek fathers, adhering to the Sept., have JSiloam. The word does not occur in the Apocryjiha. Josephus gives both Siloam and JSiloa (IWuid// and i'l- Xwa), generally the former. II. Jtkiitijicalwn. — Siloam is one of the few undis- puted localities (thougli Kelaiid and some others mi…
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Soon after Jerome, Antoninus of Placentia, in his Pil- grimar/e (A.D. 570), gives a similar description, and mentions especially that at certain hours only did the fountain pour forth much water. He also distinguishes between the fountain and the pool where the people washed themselves for a blessing. In the 7th centur…
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merly been supposed to enter. I then observed a large opening entering the rock-hewn channel, just below the pool, which, though once a copious tributary, is now drj'. Being too much choked with tessene and rubbish to be penetrated far, I carefully noted its position and bearing, and, on searching for it above, soon id…
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Siloam is in Scripture always called a pool. It is not an CSX, that is, a marsh-pool (Isa. xxxv, 7) ; nor a Xj3i, a natural hollow or pit (xxx, 14); nor a iTipia, a natural gathering of water (Gen. i, 10; Isa. xxii, 11); The V'illnce of Silir/in (Silonm) imd the Lower Part oTllie Valley ofihe Kedmn, fhowirsrthc "Kinir…
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3. Adjoining Vilkuje of the Same A'«7Me.^East of the Kedron, right opposite the rough gray slope extending between Deraj and Silwan, above the kitchen-gardens watered by Siloam which supply Jerusalem with vege- tables, is the village which takes its name from the pool — Kefr-Silwdn. At Deraj the Kedron is narrow, and t…
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Silver ("OS, keseph, often rendered "money"). There is no mention of this metal in Scripture until the time of Abraham. IJefore that time brass and iron ap- l)ear to have l>een the oidy metals in use (^Gen. iv, 22). Abraham was rich in gold and silver, as well as in tiocks and herds, and silver in his day was in genera…
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Silverius, Sr., and pope in 53G-37. He was a son of pope Ilormisdas. who had been married before he be- came a priest, and prior to his elevarion to the papacy was a subdeacon. That elevation was caused by Theo- datiis, the (Jot hie king, who was involved in ilisputes with .lustinian, and would not consent that a candi…
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4. The word '^I^D stands alone without any addi- tion or explanation, and in tliis position it serves as a monitor: a. When one word differs from a similar one, either by its prefix or through another letter, and in this instance it calls the attention to the difference. Thus in Lev. xxv, 25 we read ~"^ns ~'l?0'i"''3, …
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The connection between Simeon and Levi implied in the blessing of .Jacob ((Jen. xlix, 5-7) lias already been atlverted to. Tlie passage relating to them may be thus rendered : Simeon and Levi are [uterine] brethren, lustrumcnts of violence are their swords. Into ilieir [secret] council come not my soul ! Unto their …
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Acrabbiin. Hills. J see MAAl.EH - AOUAB- ( ISIM. Arladnh. Town. Ktvsr-el-A dadah ? Adar. do. See Hazar-addar. Aiu. do. See Enuimmon. Ainam. do. See Hazor. Arad. do. Tell- Arad. Aroer. do. A rarah Aruboth. District. [Jebel KhaW} ? Ashan. Town. [Deir Snmil] ? Athnch. do. »'adv A teicJic ? Az…
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3. A priest, son of .Joiarib (i. e. .lehoiarib), father of John and grandfather of Mattatliias the father of the Maccabee brothers (1 Mace, ii, 1). 4. The son of .Judah and father of Levi in the ma- ternal genealogy of our Lord (Luke iii, 30). B.C. cir. 886. lie seems to have been the same with Maaseiah the son of Ada…
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SIMEON 751 SIMILITUDE iron chain. In praying he bent his body so that his forehead almost touched his feet. He took only one scanty meal a week and fasted throughout the season of Lent. He uttered jjrophecies and wrought an abun- dance of miracles. Simeon's fame became immense. I'ilgrims from distant lands, as Spain…
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Simeon Metaphrastes was bom of noble par- ents at Constantinople in the 10th century. He was well educated, and raised himself by his merit to very high trust under the reigns of Leo the Philosopher and his son Constantine Porph3-rogenitus. It is said that being sent by the emperor to Cyprus, a contrary wind carried hi…
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to one (v, 4) : ' Seek ye me, and ye shall live.' But lest it might be supposed from this that (iod could be found in the fulfilment of his whole law only, Habakkuk said (ii, 4) : ' The just shall live by his faith.' " Kabbi Sim- lai also acquired fame for his virulent opposition to Christianity. It has been suggested,…
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Simmons, John, a minister of the Methodist Epis- copal Church, South, was born in Hancock County, (ia., Nov. 6, 1791. In his nineteenth year he united with the Church, and in 1815 was admitted into the South Carolina Conference. After four or five vears he lo- cated, the better to provide for his family; but he still c…
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SIMON 754 SIMON as "the Just," though they believe this to be Simon II (conip. tor the Jewish anecdotes, Raphall, ///*•/. of Jews, i, 115-124; Prideaux, Connection, ii, 1). — Smith. 4. "A governor of the Temple" in tlie time of Seleu- cus Philopator, whose information as to the treasures of the Temple led to the sa…
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12. A Pharisee in whose house a penitent woman anointed the head and feet of Jesus (Luke vii, 40). A.D. 28. 13. A resident at Bethany, distinguished as "the leper," not from his having leprosy at the time when he is mentioned, but at some previous period. It is not improbable that he had been miraculously cured by Je-…
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whose junction all beings emanated. Simon and Helena were the incarnations in which these principles resided. Simon's first encounter with Peter took place at Csesarea Stratonis (according to the Const. Apost. vi, 8), whence he followed the apostle to Rome. Eusebius makes no mention of this first encounter, but represe…
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17. A well-informed citizen of .Jerusalem who per- suaded the people to exclude Agrippa from the Temjjle, but was pardoned for the offence on his confession (Jo- sephus, Ant. xix, 7, 4). A.D. 38. 18. Son of Saul, and a distinguished Jew who slew many of the inhabitants of Scythopolis, and finally killed himself, with …
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into peace, and shall rest in his chamber!" 'When the funeral [iroccssion moved towards the grave, a light re- vealed itself in the air; and when the remains were deposited in the tomb, another voice was heard from heaven, saying, "This is he who caused the earth to quake and the kingdoms to shake !" Such is the state-…
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"How beanteoas was he when, coming forth from the temple, He appeared from within the veil ! He was as the morning star in the midst of clouds, And as the moon in the days of Nisau: As the sun shining upon a palace, And as the rainbow in tlie cloud: As the waving wheat in the field, As the Persian lily by a fountain, A…
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Simon (St.) and Jude's (St.) Day, a holy day appointed by the Church for the commemoration of these two saints, associated probably because of their relationship (Matt, xiii, 55), Oct. 28. When this festi- val was instituted history does not inform us; but it is usually referred to the r2th or 13th century. See Rid- dl…
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things. He ascribes the formation of the world to certain portions of the divine fulness (aeons). The originating principle of the universe is fire, of which is begotten the Logos, in which exists the indefinite power, the power of the godhead, the image of which power is the spirit of God. These £eons, called roots, a…
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Simony, the crime, in ecclesiastical law, of buy- ing or selling holy orders and offices. The term is de- rived from tlie sin of Simon Magus {(\. v.), who wished to purchase from the apostles for money the power to confer the Holy Ghost (Acts viii, Vi). The ancient Christian Church distinguished simony into three dif- …
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Sim.ple Feasts were, according to the Salisbury use, those on which only the initial words of the anti- phon to the Benedictus and Maynificat were sung. They were comprised under three classes, the first, of nine lessons, with triple or double invitatory; the sec- ond, of three lessons, with double invitatory; the thir…
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Simpson, George W., a Presbyterian minister, was born near Churchtown, Lancaster Co., Pa., June 1, 1821. He early embraced religion, and, feeling it to be his duty to preach, he pursuetl his studies at Easton College, Pa., and Princeton Theological Seminary. He chose Africa as his field of labor, and sailed for the Ga-…
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The admissibility of a simultaneum was much de- bated in German}', until the recess of the diet resolved, Feb. 25, 1803, § 63, that " the exercise of religion as hitherto practiced in any country shall be protected against all interference and interruption ; especially shall the possession and undisturbed enjoyment of …
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The exact site of Pelusium is not fully determined. It has been thought to be marked by mounds near Burg et-Tineh, now called El-Farma, and not Et-Tineh. This is disputed by Capt. Spratt, who supposes that the mound of Abu-Khiyar indicates where it stood. This is further inland, and apparently on the west of the old Pe…
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We find in the Bible a geographical name which has the form of a gentile noun derived from Sin, and is usu- allv held to a[)ply to two ditferent nations, neither con- nected with the city Sin. In the list of the descendants of Noah, the Sinite, "'pD, occurs among the sons of Ca- naan (Gen. X, 17; 1 Chron. i, 15). This …
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Sin (properly nsiiH, a/tnpria, both originally sig- nifying to miss) is any action, word, desire, purpose, or omission contrary to the law of God ; a voluntary vio- lation of, or failure to comply with, the divine law (Rom. iii, 20; iv, 15; vii, 7; James iv, 17). Whether such a law be revealed in the holy oracles, or i…
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See Burroughs, Sinfulness of Sin ; Dwight. Theohfjy ; Fletcher, Appeal to Matter of Fad ; Fuller, Works; Gill, Body of Divinity, art. "Sin;" Goodwin, Aggrara- tions of Sin ; Hagenbach, Hist, of Doctrines ; Howe, lAv- ing Temple; King and Jenyn, Origin of Evil ; Miiller, Christian Doctrine of Sin ; Orme, Blasphemy again…
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SIN 766 SIN" words, this school distinguishes between sin and de- pravity, holding all sin to consist in voluntary action, and depravity to be simply that disordered state of the soul which renders it [jroiie to commit sin. This view is the one generally entertained by the new-school di- vines in the Presbyterian Ch…
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2. The punishment of iudiridiials was either judicially inflicted by the hand of man for breaches of positive law, as was, doubtless, ordinarily the case in the historj' of Israel; or it was a s|)ecial providential visitation for an act of disoliedience against (Jod's revealed will, as in the case of the man of (iod wh…
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II. JJiatinction between Sinai and Iloreb. — Those crit- ics who disintegrate the Pentateuch and assign to it a variety of authors are ready to support their view by pointing to a variety of diction ; and one evidence of this they find in the use of Horeb throughout the book of Deuteronomy (except in the song of Moses,…
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Not much can be inferred from the usage of later Scripture in regard to these names; though from what' has been mentioned it may be seen that Horeb is very decidedly the predominant name in the rest of the Old Test., as it is with one excejjtion in Deuteronomy, and probably in both cases for the same reason — that at …
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The historical argument is not more convincing, altliough dean Stanley somewhat rashly says : " It (Serbal) was undoubtedly identified with Sinai by Eu- sebius, Jerome, and Cosmas ; that is, by all known writers till the time of Justinian" {Sinai and Palestine, p. 40). Eusebius merely states that " Rephidim is a place …
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From near the summit a wild ravine runs down the front of the mountain, conveying a winter torrent into Kr-Iiahah. Up this ravine the ascent may l)e made fri>ni tlie plain; it is rugged and steep, but an active mountaineer, such as Moses was, could easily accom- plish it. There can scarcely be a doubt that Ras es-Sufs…
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4. The late Dr. Beke of England broached the theory that Sinai was not in the peninsula at all, but east of the Gulf of Akabah,a position that carries its refutation on its own face. In order to accommodate it. he did not hesitate to remove the Mizraiin.ox " Egypt" of the Bil)le, into the peninsula. He finally made a v…
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con«tructed ^ftei the Oidnance Sanej ) V, Liteiafuie. — Mount Smai and its vicinity have been visited by hundreds of travellers in modern times, and multitudes of descriptions have been written, few of which, however, contain anything specially new. The best accounts are those of Robinson, Bill. Res. i, 88-144 ;• Burc…
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a ladder, or at least an expert climber. None are so high as to suggest the necessity for ropes or scaffold- ing. Prof. Beer, of Leipsic, has examined them with great care and constructed an alphabet. The results of the researches of this distinguished scholar are as follows : 1. The alphabet is independent; some of t…
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KK\ O M OAoroyMe IN CO C H erAecTB N TOTHceyceBeixc MyCXHfBONOCe c|>ANepa:)eHeNcxp KB-eAUKWCDOHeN HN BCOCJ>© HXT"RA?Bc GKHfYxeneNe e NecB Hcu B cxey one HKOCMCD- ANeXHM<^eH€N Specimen of the Codex Sinaitiens (containing 1 Tim. iii, 16: Kai o/ioXoyoi'juelnoy jue^a 6(7^ I to rri? ci'<Te/:?f ta? ] ^iucTn- piov OS- …
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Sindhu, in Hindu mythology, one of the compan- ions of Ganga, and, like the latter, a river. Sindon (literally a coUon cloth), a word having sev- eral ecclesiastical meanings: 1. A napkin; 2. A cloth for holding and enclosing the bread offered for the holy eucharist in the Eastern churcli ; 3. A term sometimes applied…
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SINGING 776 SINGULAR in (le Sinr/aleeie Tale Overfjehracht, etc. A revised and corrected edition was published in 1780 by the Revs. Fvbrands and I'hilipsz, who also superintended an edi- tion of the Acts printed in 1771, and published under the title De /fiimkliii(/en der Apostelen Beschnven door den KfaiKjeliM Lnca…
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Single Combat has always been, among semi- civilized nations, a favorite resort to decide a dispute without the effusion of much blood. Classical history abounds with instances. The Bible also gives a few noteworthy cases, of which the contest between David (q. v.) and Goliath is the most remarkable. Similar customs st…
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Sinir, in Norse mj'thology, was one of the asa- horses. Sinis, two characters in Grecian mythology, 1. The son of Polypemon, Pemon, or Poseidon, by Sylea, who was sumamed Pityocampes (fir- bender), or Procrustes. He dwelt on the isthmus of Corinth as a robber, and destroyed the travellers who fell into his power by f…
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A. Rec.di.ar. (1.) For the whole people, at the New Moon, Passover, Pentecost, Feast of Trumpets, and Feast of Tabernacles (Numb, xxviii, 15-xxix, 3S) ; besides the solemn offerimj of the two goats on the Great Day of Atonement (Lev. xvi). (2.) for the prte-tts and Levites at their consecration (Exod. xxix, 10-14, ;5…
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There is one other question of some interest, as to the nature of the sins for which either sacrifice could be offered. It is seen at once that in the law of Leviticus most of them, which are not purely ceremonial, are called sins of" ignorance" (see Heb. ix, 7); and in Numb. XV, 30 it is ex|)ressly said that while suc…
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Sinteiiis, a name common to a number of German theologians, of whom we mention the following : 1. Christian Frieduich, was born at Zerbst in 1750, where he was appointed deacon in 1773. In 1791 he was made professor of theology and metaphysics, and died in 1820 as member of consistory and pastor of Trinity Church. He …
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Siph'moth ( Heb. Siphmoth', n'lTiSb, fruitful [ Fiirst ] ; Sept. Srt^Et v. r. ^nfcifiioQ ; Vulg. Sepha- moth), one of the places in the south of Judah which David frequented during his freebooting life, and to his friends in which he sent a portion of the spoil taken from the Amalekites (I Sam. xxx, 28). It is not name…
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Sir. See Tiioun. Sir (as the English o(dominus) was the title adopted by priests, as " dom" i)y monks, and in conseijuence they were commonly called Sir Johns. There were tliree sirs — sir king, sir priest, and sir knight. At the Refor- mation it was the title of those in orders, but not grad- uated— those who had gra…
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Sirani, Giovanni Andrea, an Italian painter, was born in 1610 at Bologna, where he also died in 1670. He was a pupil of Guido, some of whose works he fin- ished. His own paintings are of a similar style, being on religious subjects, and found in several churches in Italy. Sirani's three daughters were among his pupils…
910 wordsSource & rights
Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.