PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
McClintock & Strong Cyclopaedia — Volume 3
John McClintock & James Strong · 1,405,961 words · 1366 reading sections
Section 1321
mission for the king's benefit. Tliis was the prelude to the Provisions of Oxford and the Barons' War. In November of this year, bishop Grosseteste, with his friend and habitual adviser, brotli^r Adam, proceeds to the papal court to look after the appeal of his chapter on the subject of visitation. He is thus present a…
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The contemporaneous and posthumous fame of Gros- seteste insured a copious crop of legends. He was supposed to have prophesied the ensuing civil war, which he might have done without an}- extraordinary illumination. On the night of his death, bells ring- ing in the skj"^ were heard by Mr. Bishop, of London, and by some…
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him of which he was guiltless ; many fathered upon him to secure the favor of liis name. But, after all such rectifications, the multitude and nuilti]ilicit_v of his writings must have been amazing, especially when regarded as the leisure fruitage of an active life. Most of them have been lost, destroj'ed, or forgotten…
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Grrosvenor, Benjasiin, D.D., an eminent Dissent- ing minister, was born in London Jan. 1, 1G75, and ed- ucated at the academy at Attercliffe, Yorkshire. Mr. Grosvenor entered upon his public ministry in the 3'^ear 1699 as a Baptist. Soon after this he was chosen to succeed Mr. Slater as pastor of the Presb3'terian cong…
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GROTIUS 1018 GROTIUS itiios of their countrj' for having attempted to resist at I'truc-lit the army of tlie prince." Tiie magistrates of Kotterdam and of some otiier cities of Holland protest- ed against this open violation of tlieir rights, but were deposed. The Synod of Dort, which the Gomarists, sure of having th…
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Of the many claims on posterity of this distinguish- ed man, we have only to consider those which relate to theology. Grotius applied himself to various branch- es of theology. We notice, first, his exefjelical writ- ings. His "Annotations on the O. and N. T." {An^ notat. ill libros evaiigelionnn et varia loca S. Scrip…
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fied in a most striking manner. Baur (^VersJkniingS' khre) gives a clear, and, in the main, fair account of the Grotian theorj^ of atonement, from a tran.-^l ition of part of which, by the Rev. L. Swain, in the Biblio- theca Sacra for April, 1852, we extract the following: "Tlie fundamental error of the Socinian view w…
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"In these few statements is contained the entire theory of Hugo Grotius. What is essential to it lies in this main proposition : God neither would nor could forgive the sins of men without the setting up of a pe- nal example. This is done b}' the death of Christ. Hence the death of Christ is the necessarj' condition of…
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Many of the writings of Grotius are important in the sphere o^ Church. Hisfory: such are, for instance, his Hist. Goihorum, Vandahvmni et Lo/tf/oharJoriim (IGo,")); and his .1 nnali's et hist, de rebns Belr/icis ob obitit PhJUppi regis tisque ad indvcias amii 1G09. He also treated several questions of ecclesiastical ju…
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xxi, 7) ; and that Asherah is coupled with Baal in pre- cisely the same way as Ashtoreth is (comp. Judg. ii, 13 ; X, 6; 1 Kings xviii, 19; 2 Kings xxiii, 4; and partic- ularly Judg. iii, 7, and ii, 13, where the plural form of both words is explained as of itself denoting images of this goddess ; see also 2 Chron. xxxi…
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In the religions of the ancient heathen world groves play a prominent part. In old times altars only were erected to the gods. It was thought wrong to shut up the gods witliin walls, and hence, as Pliny express- ly tells us (//. N. xii, 2), trees were the first temples (Tacit. Germ. 9 ; Lucian, de Sncrific. 10 ; see Ca…
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The oracular trees of antiquity are well known (Homer, II. xvi, 233 ; Od. v, 237 ; Soph. Trach. 754 ; Virgil, Georg. ii, 16; Sil. Ital. iii, 11). Each god had some sacred tree (Virgil, Ed. vii, 61 sq.). The Etruri- ans are said to have worshipped a palm, and the Celts an oak (Max. Tyr. Dissert. 38, in Godwyn's Mos. and…
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Grynaeus, Johann Jacob, D.D., a Swiss Protes- tant theologian, third son of Thomas Grynseus (q.v.), was born at Berne Oct. 1, 1540. He studied at Basle, was ordained deacon in 1559, and in 1565 succeeded his father as pastor. In 1577 he became professor of theology at Basle, and remained there until 1584, -nrfien he re…
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Guard. The Scripture terms used in this connec- tion mostly have reference to the special duties which the body-guard of a monarch had to perform. See King. 1. Tabbach' , H2V, originallj^ signified a '•^cook^'' and as butchering fell to the lot of the cook in Eastern countries, it gained the secondary sense of "execu-…
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Guardian of the Spiritualities, in England, the person in whom is vested the ecclesiastical jurisdic- tion of a diocese upon the death or translation of the bishop, or in cases of infirmity of the incumbent or bishop. — Eden, Churchmmi's Dictionary. Guarin, Pierre, a French Hebraist, was born at Tronquaj' (Normandy) i…
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GUELPHS AND GHIBELLINES 1026 GUIBERT DE KOGENT connection of their party strifes with the ecclesiastical history of that period, and the use wliich the papac}' made of them to increase its power and authority. According to the most reliable authorities, the word Guelph, or Guclf, is derived from " We//," a baptismal n…
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Guertler, Nicolaus, D.D., a learned Protestant divine, was born at Basel in 1G54. He studied at the universit}' of that city, and in 1G85 became professor of philosophy and rhetoric at Herborn. He after- wards became professor of theolog}' at Hanau, and in 1696 at Bremen. From thence he removed to De- venter in 1G99, a…
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Lit. ii, 647 ; Mosheim, Ch. Hist. c. xii, pt. ii, ch. ii, n. 71 ; Hist, litter, de la France, vii, 80, 92, 118, 124, 146 ; ix, 4o3. (J. W. M.) Guibert, Anti-pope, was born at Parma in the 11th century. His family name was Correggia, and he was said to be descended from the counts of Augsburg. ?.Iade archbishop of Rave…
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Guignard, Jean, surnamed Briqiiai-el, a French Jesuit of the 16th centur}^ and, during the League, rector and librarian of the college of Clermont at Par- is. After the attempt of Jean Chatel against the life of king Ilenrj' IV, the Jesuits were charged with be- ing implicated in the affair, as the would-be assassin •w…
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GunxEL^rus 1029 GUISE Guillelmus. See Wilham. Guillemine or Guillemette, a Bohemian en- thusiast of the 13th century. She went from Bohe- mia to Milan, where she gave herself out as the daugh- ter of the queen of Bohemia (Constantia), pretending to have been conceived in a miraculous numner, like Christ. She profes…
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Gui-se, House of, the name of a branch of the ducal family of Lorraine, which, during the reign of Francis I, established itself in France, where it was conspicuous in its hostility to the Protestant cause, and played a leading part in the religious wars of the 16th century. The three following members of this family w…
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ble Coligni, which had been thrown by his orders into the court-yard, where he was awaiting the consumma- tion of the murder of this most prominent victim of that sad day. In 1575 he received, in an encounter with the Calvinists, a face-wound, which gave him the name of Balafre (the scarred), an epithet also ajiplied f…
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Bishop Gerhard charged the Gnndulfians with hold- ing these and similar opinions, but they refused to ac- knowledge them. They attempted .only to defend their views regarding baptism, but finally announced that they were ready to recant their errors. Then the bish- op and other members of the clertry solemnlj^ con- dem…
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GUNPOWDER PLOT 1032 GUNPOWDER PLOT year 1613, and was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge. He became fellow and tutor of his college, and distin- guished himself as a preacher, but on account of his zeal for the king's service he was ejected, and after- wards was made chaplain to Sir Robert Shirley, at whose death he …
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cy and fidelity by a solemn oath, which, a few days af- terwards, in a lonely house beyond St. Clement's Inn, they took on their knees in the following words : "You swear by the blessed Trinity, and by the sacrament you now propose to receive, never to disclose, directly or indirectly, b}' word or circumstance, the mat…
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family in Gloucestershire," was admitted into the plot and sent to liome, not to reveal the project, hut, on its consummation, to gain the favor of the Vatican by ex- plaining that its object was the re-establighnijent of Koman Catholicism in England. A further proroga- tion of Parliament to Nov. 5 having been made, th…
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The 5th of November, in commemoration of this plot, is called Guj' Fawkes's Day, and until recently a spe- cial service for it was found in the ritual of the English Church. It was made a holiday by act of Parliament in 160(5, and is still kept as such in England, especially by the juveniles. The following account of t…
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Giinther was as obnoxious as that of Hermes. His philosophical treatment of the Christian doctrines was regarded by many as derogatory to the belief in them. He also gave great offence b}' daring to criticise high authorities, as Thomas of Aquinas. Still greater dis- satisfaction was created by his dualistic theory con…
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Gurnall, WiLLiAjr, an English divine, and a "man of great excellence of character," was born in 1617, ■was educated at Emanuel College, Cambridge, and was minister at Lavenham for 35 years. He becams a rec- tor in 1614, Init did not receive episcopal ordination un- til the Itestoration. He published a volume of Sermons…
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GUSH-CHALAB 1036 GUSTAVUS-ADOLPH. SOCIETY in many cases, disobedience to the government, and principles incompatible with a civilized form of gov- ernment. See Linss, Das Ilandbuch Guri/'s und die christlkhe Ethih (Frieberg, 1869). (A. J. S.) Gush-Chalab. See Gisciiala. Gustavus I, Vasa, the first Protestant king of …
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GustavuE-Adolplius Society {Gustav-Adolf- Vereui), a union of members of the Evangelical Pro- testant Church of Germany ^or the support of their persecuted or suffering brethren in the faith. It orig- inated as follows. On the occasion of the second sec- ular anniversarj' of the battle of Liitzen (won by Gustavus Adolp…
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Guthlac, St., a Mercian saint, who died in 714. His early life -n-as a wicked one, he even being the leader of a band of robbers ; but, abandoning his evil -ways at the age of 24, he retired to the monastery of Repton, where ho learned to read, and studied the lives of the hermit fiithers. He then took up his abode on …
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Guy. See Guido. Guyon, Jeanne-Marie Bouvier de la Mothk, an eminent French mystic, was born at Jlontargis April 13, 1G48. She was educated in a convent, and in early youth showed signs of great quickness of mind. At seventeen she wished to take the veil, but her parents would not consent. In 1GG4 she was marv ried to …
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The "Quietism" of Molinos was condemned by the pope in 1687, and there was no peace or rest for the mystics or their abettors in Paris. In 1688 Madame Guyon was shut up (chiefl}' through the instigation of her brother, the Barnabite Lamothe, who bitterly hated her doctrines) in the convent of the Visitation at Paris. I…
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Guyot, Henhi Daniel, a Belgian philanthropist, was born at Trois-Fontaines in 1753. He studied at Maestricht and in the Universitj' of Franeker, then became pastor of the Walloon Church, and afterwards professor of theology at Griiningen. After filling the oflSce for 28 j'ears, he was deposed by the king of Hol- land, …
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GYPSIES 1041 GYPSIES practising Persian customs. Others liave referred them variouslj' to Tartary, Nubia, Mesopotamia, As- syria Etiiiopia, Morocco, etc. ; but the account wliich the Gypsies, at their appearance in Western Europe, gave of themselves, claimed "Little Egypt" as the orifinal home of the race, whence th…
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Langunge and Version. — The Gypsies call their lan- guage Rommany, and modern pliilological resc::rcl> es prove that it belongs to the Sanscrit family. It has doubtless received additions and modifications from the languages of the countries in wliich the race has sojourned, yet it is still so nearly the same with mod-…
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clergy. See Martane, Comment, in Reg. S. P. Eenedic ti, p. 53 sq. (Paris, lO'JO) ; Herzog, Real-Emykl. v, 433. Elliott, Charles, D.D.,* an eminent scholar and minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was born May 10, 1792, at Glenconway, County Donegal, Ire- land. His early education was obtained in the ordi- nary …
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Eating 14 Edward VI Eaton, John 16 Edward-^, Hela Bates Eaton,Samuel 16| (E.A.P.).. 59lElam, 2 T13 Eliaonias. 59 IClam, 3 ll:}! Elias. . . 5) Elani, 4 113aaias Levitu (A.J.S.) .59 Elam, .5 113!Eliasapli, 1 53 Elam, 6 llSJEliasaidi, 2, 59 Elam, 7 113 Eliasliib, 1 59 Elaniito 113lEliashib, 2 60 Elasali, 1 113;E…
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1G3 164 104 104 104 1(4 165 165 165 165 165 165 165 166 160 166 106 167 167 167 167 163 16S 168 16S 16S 168 16S 168 169 109 169 169 169 169 ICO 109 169 169 169 169 169 169 170 170 170 170 170 170 17'J 1044 LIST OF ARTICLES IX VOL. IIL i:iu3a Page 170 l.lazai 171 Llviia (A.J.S.) 171 Kly, Kzia Stiles . Kly Cathedr…
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'.97|Eupolennis 354 297!Euroclydon 354 '; 97 i Europe (A.J. S.) £55 298 Eusebians SS."' 208| Eusebius 355 208 Eusebius of Alexan- '.Osl dria (A.J.S.) £56 298 Eusebius Bruno (A. 208] J.S.) £.56 Eusebius of ( 'ro ai ea 350 Evaristus ICvarts Eve velyn pjvening Even-Song Everett lives , Evi Evidence livi…
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4S3!l'cll, John, 1 4S3'Fell,John,2 4*4 Fi-llf-nberg 4Sl Feller 4S5 Felloes Page 4s5 Fellow 4S5:Fellowes 4S(i Fellowship (in a cA- 4SG| lege) 4S(i Fellowship (joint in- 4S0l terest) 4S0 Feltham 4S(5 Felton 41)0 Female Kcclesiastic I Fence 490 Fenced City Fencing the Tables. 4"4 Fenelon 414 Fenestella (…
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M.J.) Friends, Progressive (O.J.) Friends of God (J. H.W.) Fries, Jacob F. France 639[Frie3, Justus Henry Francis of Assisi. Francis of Borgia. Francis of Paula. Francis of Sales. . Franci-i, Converse. 648 (H.H.) . 649 Friese( J.W.M.)... 049 Friesland(A.J.S.). 650 Frieze 050 Frigga (J.W.M.).. Fran-is I (J.W…
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743[Geistweit (H.H.)... 743 GelasiusCyzicenns. 743 Gelasius of Ciesarea 743 Gelasius I 744[Gela.sius H 744 Geldenliaur 744Geliluth 744Gell 745Gellatly 745Gellert 745 Gem 745 Gemalli 745 Gemariah, 1 746 Gemariah, 2 745|(;enealogy 76S 740 Genealogy of Jesus 740 [ Clirist 746[Genebrard . 746, General 746:…
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Goat Goats' Hair Goath ob Gobel (A.J.S.) Goblet Goch God (;oddard(L.F.S.). .. Godeau Godfrey of Bouillon Godhead Godliness Godnian Godwin, Francis Godwin, Thomas. . . Goel Goepp Goering (M.L.S.)..'. Goerres Goertner (M.I..S.).. Goeschel (A.J.S.) .. Goettingen (A.J.S.) Goetze, Georg H. . . Goetze, J…
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END OF VOL. HI. 66 5 U i*i* ^■^A •:^1R '^m?.…
11 wordsSource & rights
Public-domain 19th-century biblical, theological, and ecclesiastical reference work; OCR text from Internet Archive. Historical scholarship and terminology reflect its era; OCR may contain errors. Verify quotations and current scholarly claims independently.
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.